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The FTSE 100 is the United Kingdom’s (UK) equivalent to the S&P 500. It is looked at as a leading indicator of the UK economy. Investors get exposure to the 100 largest UK companies that are listed on the London Stock Exchange. The FTSE operates Monday through Friday (except for holidays) between the hours of 3:30 a.m. and 11:30 a.m.  EST. The exchange also offers after hours trading as well as pre-market trading.

The FTSE uses free float market-capitalization weighting. This means that the companies on the index that have the highest market cap will have a larger corresponding weight in the index. For example, as of July 2022, BP PLC has the sixth highest market cap on the FTSE 100. Therefore if the stock’s value increases by 1%, the value of the FTSE 100 may go up by nearly 2% based on the weighting assigned to BP.

Several of the companies listed on the FTSE 100 (or Footsie) are headquartered outside of the UK. However, most companies are based in the UK and are impacted by developments inside the company. In this article, we’ll take a close look at the FTSE 100 including looking at the current sector composition and the ways investors can invest in the FTSE 100.

A History of the FTSE 100

The FTSE is an abbreviation for the Financial Times Stock Exchange. This independent organization goes by the nickname “Footsie”. It is similar in its mission to the Standard & Poor’s in the United States. The FTSE is home to many stock indexes which represent a market segment through a portfolio of stock holdings that are weighted to approximate the performance of that segment.

The London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG) is the parent organization of the FTSE. In addition to owning the FTSE, the LSEG owns other financial organizations including the Russell Indexes (a family of global stock market indices), Borsa Italiana (the Italian stock exchange), and Millennium IT (an information technology firm based in Sri Lanka).

The index updates and publishes every 15 seconds. The FTSE is the United Kingdom’s equivalent to the Nikkei 225 index in Japan and the Hang Seng index in Hong Kong among others.

By investing standards, the FTSE 100 is still in its infancy. The FTSE 100 was created in January 1984 with a base level of 1,000. Like many of the global markets, the FTSE has followed a mostly upward trend with significant corrections that correspond to the “tech wreck” in the early 2000s and the “Great Correction” in 2007. As of July 25, 2022, the index was over 7,300 which is down from its all-time high of over 7,600 set in 2020.

The Final Word on the FTSE 100 Index

The FTSE 100 is a market-cap weighted index of the 100 largest companies on the London Stock Exchange. The index is maintained by the Financial Times Stock Exchange Group which is an independent organization similar to the Standard & Poors Company in the United States. The components of the index are determined quarterly.

The FTSE 100 has been in existence since January 1984. From its base level of 1,000, the index has climbed to its level in November 2019 of over $7,350. As of July 2022, the five largest companies on the index were AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN), HSBC Holdings (NYSE: HSBC), GlaxoSmithKline (NYSE: GSK), Diageo (NYSE: DEO), and British American Tobacco (NYSE: BTI).