CarMax Q3 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Participants

Corporate Executives

• David Lowenstein, Assistant Vice President, Investor Relations
• Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer
• Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
• Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations

Analysts

• Daniel Imbro, Stephens
• Brian Nagel, Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.
• Seth Basham, Wedbush Securities
• Craig Kennison, Robert W. Baird
• Rajat Gupta, JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• Scot Ciccarelli, Truist Financial Co.
• John Healy, Northcoast Research
• Sharon Zackfia, William Blair
• Chris Bottiglieri, BNP Paribas
• Michael Montani, Evercore ISI
• John Murphy, Bank of America Co.
• David Whiston, Morningstar, Inc.

Presentation

[Operator]

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and welcome to the Q3 Fiscal Year 2024 CarMax Earnings Release Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded.

I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, David Lowenstein, AVP, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

[David Lowenstein, Assistant Vice President, Investor Relations at CarMax]

Thank you, Jamie. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining our Fiscal 2024 Third Quarter Earnings Conference Call.

I'm here today with Bill Nash, our President and CEO; Enrique Mayor-Mora, our Executive Vice President and CFO; and Jon Daniels, our Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations.

Let me remind you, our statements today that are not statements of historical fact, including statements regarding the company's future business plans, prospects, and financial performance are forward-looking statements we make pursuant to the Safe Harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on our current knowledge, expectations, and assumptions, and are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. In providing projections and other forward-looking statements, we disclaim any intent or obligation to update them. For additional information on important factors that could affect these expectations, please see our Form 8-K filed with the SEC this morning and our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2023, previously filed with the SEC.

Should you have any follow-up questions after the call, please feel free to contact our Investor Relations department at 804-747-0422, extension 7865.

Lastly, let me thank you in advance for asking only one question and getting back in the queue for more follow-ups. Bill?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Great. Thank you, David. Good morning, everyone, and thanks for joining us.

Our third quarter results reflect the continuation of our strategy that has yielded sequential year-over-year improvements across key components of our business for four straight quarters. While affordability of used car remains a challenge for consumers, we're excited about the positive impact we're seeing from our omnichannel investments, which reinforces our strong belief that we are well positioned for the future. This quarter, we delivered strong retail and wholesale GPUs. We bought more vehicles from consumers and dealers, and we also sold more wholesale units in a year ago. We further reduced SG&A from the prior year. We continued to strengthen the credit mix within CAF's receivables portfolio, which had a positive impact on our loan loss provision, and we resumed our share repurchase program.

For the third quarter of FY '24, our diversified business model delivered total sales of $6.1 billion, down 5% compared to last year. This was driven by lower retail and wholesale prices and lower retail volume, partially offset by higher wholesale volume. In our retail business, total unit sales declined 2.9% and used unit comps were down 4.1%. Average selling price declined approximately $1,300 per unit or 5% year-over-year. Third quarter retail gross profit per used unit was $2,277, relatively consistent with $2,237 from last year. For the fourth quarter, our expectation is that our margin -- our per unit margin will be lower than last year's fourth quarter record margin. We continue to expect that per unit margin for the full year will be similar to last year. As always, we will continue to actively manage this as we test price elasticity and monitor the competitive landscape.

Wholesale unit sales were up 7.7% versus the third quarter last year. Average selling price declined approximately $600 per unit or 7% year-over-year. Third quarter wholesale gross profit per unit was $961, in line with $966 a year ago. Like our outlook on retail GPU, we anticipate wholesale per unit margin for the full year will be similar to last year. As a reminder, last year's fourth quarter wholesale GPU was in 4 -- was within $4 of our all-time record and benefited from appreciation in strong dealer demand, particularly at the end of the quarter. We expect this year's fourth quarter per unit margin will be more in line with our year-to-date performance and lower than last year.

We bought approximately 250,000 vehicles from consumers and dealers during the quarter, up 5% from last year. Of these vehicles, we purchased approximately 228,000 from consumers, with slightly more than half of those buyers coming through our online instant appraisal experience. As a result, our self-sufficiency remained above 70% for the quarter. With the support of our Edmunds sales team, we sourced the remaining approximately 22,000 vehicles through dealers, up from approximately 14,000 last year.

In regard to our third quarter online metrics, approximately 14% of retail unit sales were online, up from 12% last year. Approximately 55% of retail unit sales were omni sales this quarter, up from 52% in the prior year. All of our third quarter wholesale auctions and sales were virtual and are considered online transactions. This represents 19% of total revenue. Total revenue from online transactions was approximately 31%, up from 28% last year. CarMax Auto Finance, or CAF, delivered income of $149 million, down slightly from $152 million during the same period last year. Jon will provide more detail on customer financing, the loan loss provision, and CAF contribution in a few moments.

At this point, I'd like to turn the call over to Enrique, who will provide more information on our third quarter financial performance. Enrique?

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Thanks, Bill, and good morning, everyone.

As Bill noted, we drove another quarter of sequential improvement in year-over-year performance across our business and our P&L. Notable areas of improvement included used and wholesale unit sales and their respective total margin dollars, total gross profit, CAF contribution, SG&A leverage, and EPS. Third quarter net earnings per diluted share was $0.52 versus $0.24 a year ago. Total gross profit was $613 million, up 6% from last year's third quarter. Used retail margin declined by 1% to $398 million, with lower volume partially offset by a slightly higher per unit margin. Wholesale vehicle margin increased by 7% to $123 million, with an increase in volume and flat per unit margin compared to last year.

Other gross profit was $92 million, up 55% from a year ago. This increase was driven by service, which delivered a $33 million improvement over last year, with this year's quarter reporting a 22 -- $21 million loss. The efficiency and cost coverage measures that we put in place towards the end of FY '23 continued to drive improved year-over-year performance in FY '24. Extended protection plan, or EPP, revenues were relatively flat compared to last year's third quarter. We do not expect to receive profit-sharing revenues in the fourth quarter due to the inflationary pressures our partners have experienced. Third-party finance fees were down $2 million from a year ago, driven by lower volume in Tier 2, for which we receive a fee, and higher volume in Tier 3, for which we pay a fee.

On the SG&A front, expenses for the third quarter were $560 million, down 5% from the prior year's quarter as we continue to see benefits from our cost management efforts. SG&A as a percent of gross profit levered by 11 percentage points as compared to last year. The decrease in SG&A dollars over the last year was mainly due to three factors. First, other overhead decreased by $19 million. This decrease was driven primarily by continued favorability in non-CAF uncollectible receivables and, to a lesser degree, from reductions in spend for our technology platforms, and from favorability in costs associated with lower staffing levels.

Second, total compensation and benefits decreased by $20 million, excluding a $3 million increase in share-based compensation. This decrease was primarily driven by our continued focus on driving efficiency gains and aligning staffing levels in stores and CECs with sales. The decrease was also impacted by a lower corporate bonus accrual in the quarter. Third, advertising increased by $5 million. This reflects an increase in per unit spend as compared to last year's quarterly low level of per unit spend and was partially offset by lower units.

As we have previously communicated, our expectation is for our full year marketing spend on a per unit basis to be similar to last year. Accordingly, we expect that our per unit spend in this year's fourth quarter will exceed last year's fourth quarter. Entering the fourth quarter, we have now passed the year mark since we initiated our significant cost management efforts. We are well on track to outperform the target we set out at the beginning of the year of requiring low-single digit gross profit growth to lever SG&A for the full year, even when excluding the benefits from this year's legal settlements. That being said, we remain disciplined with our spend and investment levels.

Regarding capital structure, we resumed our share repurchase program in October, repurchasing approximately 649,000 shares for a total spend of $42 million in the quarter. This pace is in line with the guidance we provided last quarter. As of the end of the quarter, we had $2.41 billion of repurchase authorization remaining. In terms of other uses of capital, such as new store openings, we will open four stores in the fourth quarter, including two in the New York metro market and one in each of the Los Angeles and Chicago metro markets. We will also open our first stand-alone reconditioning center in the Atlanta metro market. Our extensive nationwide footprint and logistics network continue to be a competitive advantage for CarMax.

Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Jon.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Thanks, Enrique, and good morning, everyone.

During the third quarter, CarMax Auto Finance originated approximately $2 billion, resulting in penetration of 44% net of three-day payoffs, which was up from Q2 and relatively in line with the 44.4% observed during the third quarter last year. The weighted average contract rate charged to new customers was 11.3%, an increase of 150 basis points from the same period last year and up 20 basis points from Q2. Tier 2 penetration in the quarter was sequentially in line with Q2 at 18%, but remains lower year-over-year as we have yet to fully comp over the partner tightening observed in the back half of calendar 2022. Tier 3 accounted for 6.9% of sales as compared to 6.1% last year. Impacting each of these results is CAF's decreased percentage in Tier 3, as well as the increased test volume in Tier 2. CAF income for the quarter was $149 million, down $3.5 million from the same period last year, but up $14 million sequentially.

The provision for the quarter was $68.3 million, as compared to $85.7 million in the prior year's Q3. The $17 million favorability was offset by a year-over-year reduction in total interest margin of $20 million, driven by additional interest expense of $81 million. Note, fair market value adjustments from our hedging strategy accounted for $6 million in expense this year versus $5 million of income last year. The total interest margin of the portfolio decreased to 5.9% from the 6.1% seen last quarter. This slight reduction is primarily a result of increased funding costs, including the fair market value adjustments, along with CAF's deliberate credit tightening that began last year, which inherently removes higher margin, higher loss assets from new originations.

CAF continued to offset these headwinds by adjusting customer rates, but with a careful eye on three-day payoffs, sales, and overall CarMax profitability. We are pleased with our ability to maintain a relatively stable net interest margin despite the volatile interest rate environment. The $68 million provision within the quarter resulted in a reserve balance of $512 million or 2.92% of receivables, compared to 3.08% at the end of the second quarter. This 16 basis point reduction has occurred even with CAF's continued investment in the Tier 2 space and is evidence of the growing impact that our broader credit tightening is having on the overall portfolio.

While CAF delinquency levels remain elevated versus historic norms, as has been the case industry-wide, we believe our reserve adjustment adequately reflects the anticipated future loss performance of our portfolio. The underwriting adjustments executed to date have been the right strategic moves to ensure we hit targeted loss levels, preserve our access to efficient funding, yet still deliver strong future CAF earnings. We are well poised to recapture Tier 1 and Tier 3 volume as economic conditions improve, and our continued learning in the Tier 2 space should provide a future growth opportunity.

Now, I'll turn the call back over to Bill.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Great. Thank you, Jon and Enrique.

As I mentioned at the end of the call, we're excited about the contributions we are seeing from our omni-channel investments. Our omni-channel capabilities offer our customers a uniquely personalized car buying experience that enables them to do as much or as little online and in-store as they want. I'm proud of the progress that we've made on our journey to deliver the most customer-centric experience in the industry. As we have said before, we believe consumers in the used car industry will increasingly prefer to have the ability to progress digitally. We are seeing this in our data.

At the end of fiscal year '20, when we completed our initial omni-channel rollout, approximately 40% of our customers leveraged some or all of our digital capabilities to complete their transactions. That has grown to approximately 70% this year. I recognize that the market volatility over the past few years has made it challenging to see the direct benefits omni-channel has delivered to our business. So, I want to share some proof points that we are seeing. First, our data indicates that omni-channel is driving incremental retail customers to CarMax. Customers who fully complete an online transaction are 10% more likely to be new to CarMax compared with our omni-channel and in-store customers.

We have also found that our online consumer skew younger, which creates the opportunity to participate in more of their lifetime purchase cycles. Additionally, since initially completing our omni-channel rollout, we have seen outsized market share growth in our oldest 15 markets, where we have not opened new stores since calendar 2013. In calendar 2019, the market share annual growth rate for these markets doubled from the average annual growth rate for the previous five years. Moreover, from the beginning of calendar 2019 to the end of calendar '22, the market share average annual growth rate for these older markets continued to exceed their pre-omni-channel average growth rate.

Second, Instant Offer, our online consumer-facing appraisal tool that is a core part of our omni-channel capabilities, is significantly driving our vehicle purchases and wholesale sales. We doubled our buys from consumers the year we launched Instant Offer. This enabled us to grow our self-sufficiency to over 70%, which we have maintained since we launched the tool. Online buys have also fueled our wholesale volume, which grew approximately 65% during the launch here and has remained well above the volume prior to Instant Offer.

It's worth noting that our Instant Offer algorithms also support our dealer-facing MAX Offer vehicle sourcing application. Third, our omni-channel products are supporting double-digit web traffic growth. Finance-based shopping has been our number one lead source. This multi-lender pre-qualification products gives customers the ability to digitally receive quick credit decisions across our inventory with no impact to their credit score. Over 80% of our customers are using this online tool as they begin the credit process.

Finally, omni-channel is on track to be a more efficient cost structure compared to our store-only model. Our omni-channel cost structure has more fixed costs in our historical store-only structure. We continue to show sequential year-over-year improvements in key cost efficiency metrics for omni-channel overhead model. With a more fixed-cost structure, we expect to lever more strongly than in previous -- than in the previous model as demand picks up. We expect the impact of our omni-channel capabilities will continue to grow over time as consumers demand a more personalized experience that combines online and in-store progression. We believe that many of our competitors across the used car industry will not be able to deliver this experience in a simple and seamless manner.

In closing, we're confident that we have the right strategy in place. Our consistent approach to control what we can and deliver the most customer-centric experience in the industry is driving sequential quarterly improvements across our business. We are well positioned to emerge from this cycle an even stronger company.

With that, we'll be happy to take your questions. Operator?

Questions and Answers

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] We'll go first to Daniel Imbro with Stephens. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

[Daniel Imbro, Analyst at Stephens]

Yeah. Hey, good morning, everybody. Thanks for taking the questions.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[Daniel Imbro, Analyst at Stephens]

Jon, Enrique, maybe I just want to circle back on the CAF provision, just given the impressive results here. I'm trying to understand the puts and takes. So the allowance came down quite a bit. Jon, I think you talked about maybe just tighter underwriting there. But it looks like net charge-offs are at maybe the highest level we've seen in over a decade. So, I guess, how can you -- can you help us reconcile those two factors? And how should we think about provision? Have the -- has the credit improvement meant that nominally this is the right level of provision going forward, or how would you think about those trends as we move through the end of the year, into tax refund season? Thanks.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Yeah, Dan, I absolutely appreciate the question and fully expected it. So, first, let's start on the provision piece. Our provision in the quarter is going to be made up of two components. It's going to be our change in outlook on the losses that we expect on the existing book of business versus what we set at the end of Q2. Second, it's going to be the required reserve on losses on the new originations. So let's touch on the first piece. I -- what I can tell you is, if you look at our expectation at the beginning of Q2 and what we observed on that existing book of business over the course of Q3, there hasn't been a lot of change. Let's talk about the actuals and what we have observed, because you referenced that.

We publish on a monthly basis our securitizations and how they're performing. It's important to note that that's about 60% of our receivables. We have a lot of stuff that's -- has not yet been securitized. We've also mentioned that's been tighter. But what you see out there in the securitizations, we certainly observe two separate books of business there. The pre-COVID and the early COVID stuff, that came in markedly lower than our target, well below the 2% to 2.5%. We knew that was going to come back into more normalized levels, and that's what we're seeing on the new stuff. We've also said that we believe there is front-loading occurring.

If you look at those newer securitizations, especially in like the 2013, the 2014, the early '22 stuff, there is a clear curve difference in -- when the losses come in. We think it's front-loaded. All of that was contemplated when we set our reserve at the end of Q2. So, largely, this first component of the provision did not -- there wasn't a major adjustment that we had to make, which means, at the end of the day, our provision is primarily made up of our new originations. And we talked about this. Our new originations are significantly tighter. There is very limited Tier 3 volume. There's a test amount in Tier 2. And then our Tier 1 stuff, we've even been tightened there. So, on that roughly $2 billion, it's a tighter book of business, it's a lower amount of overall loss, it's a relatively modest required provision and that is the bulk of the Q3 provision.

[Daniel Imbro, Analyst at Stephens]

Thanks so much for all the color.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Great. Thanks, Dan.

[Operator]

Our next question will come from Brian Nagel with Oppenheimer. Please go ahead.

[Brian Nagel, Analyst at Oppenheimer]

Good morning.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[Brian Nagel, Analyst at Oppenheimer]

Congrats on a nice, continued, solid progression here.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Thank you.

[Brian Nagel, Analyst at Oppenheimer]

My question, I guess, just looking first at the wholesale business, that definitely inflected stronger here in the fiscal third quarter. Any -- I guess, the question I would have is, explain more, kind of what was behind that inflection and sales growth? And are there read-throughs -- as you look at the wholesale business, are there read-throughs over to your used car business, given -- just given the natural kind of association between those two segments? And then just a quick follow-up. Any commentary -- I mean, given kind of what we saw here in Q3, any commentary what -- how the quarter progressed or what we're seeing into early Q4?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah, great. Thank you for the questions, Brian. So, yeah, we are pleased with the wholesale growth. I think it's a combination of factors. I think, one, there's a little bit of year-over-year dynamics playing in last year, given where we were, given where we saw sales, things that were going on the marketplace. We actually pulled back on our offers. So I think you've got a little bit of that reflecting in kind of the year-of-year growth. But I also feel really good about the innovation on the product side of things.

So when you think about MAX Offer, one of the things with MAX Offer, we completed this quarter the rollout of our Instant Offer component of it. We still had a few markets that did not have Instant Offer, which meant they had to take pictures of vehicles and then get a value. Now, they have the option to just not take pictures. If they want to take pictures, they still can. So that's some of the innovation there that I think that helps. So we feel really great about the innovation, and as we go forward, it'll probably be dependent more on what's going on in the market dynamics, that kind of thing at any given time. As far as kind of the quarter and just outlook, look, obviously, the industry is still challenged and everybody knows that.

And obviously, our business isn't where we want it to be. But I do think there's some encouraging signs out there. I mean, besides the fact that we have continued to have sequential improvements, we saw a lot of depreciation this quarter, really steep depreciation. And while that causes some headwinds in the near term and it's going to cause some headwinds just in wholesale a little bit and even on the retail side, it's a short-term thing and I think it benefits the overall used car industry and it'll benefit us, because that will continue to come out on front lot prices. You saw we were about $1,300 down this year, year-over-year on sales prices. From an acquisition standpoint, it was more like $1,500, but we had some mix adjustment stuff in there.

So, again, I think the steep depreciation is good Interest rates, if they at least stabilize, I think that's great. I think it's great for the business. I think that'll help. And if they come down, I think that will be kind of extra icing on the cake. Another thing that I would point to is our market share. October, which is the latest period that we've gotten market share data on, is the first month that we've actually comped our market share year-over-year. So I think that's encouraging. And then the other thing I would tell you is, we've talked before about just comps and where the sales might be going. And we've done some analysis with one of the credit bureaus, just trying to understand of the customers that apply for a loan through CAF, where do they go?

And it seems like, from the analysis that we've done, there's a lot of customers that just once they decide they're not buying, they're not buying. So it's almost like there is a -- maybe, hopefully, there's some pent-up demand that I think we'll see as the market comes back. So again -- and I think, while there's some signs of encouragement, yes, the industry is still challenged. We're encouraged by that. And I think taking all of that in consideration, also just bearing in mind, this whole time, we've been working on cost control, becoming more efficient, having better experiences for our customers and our associates, I think all that plays well, too, into the future. So, hopefully, that's helpful.

[Brian Nagel, Analyst at Oppenheimer]

Very helpful. Thanks a lot. Appreciate it.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Sure.

[Operator]

We'll turn now to Seth Basham with Wedbush Securities.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

Thanks a lot, and good morning. My question is also on CAF. Jon, could you give us some more color on those securitizations from late '21 through 2022 in terms of your expectations that the loss curves are going to flatten out? Because we haven't really seen that in the data yet.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Yeah, Seth, appreciate the question. Yeah, I think the key thing to point to here is, if you look at -- obviously, what's published out there right now is, I think, the 2019 stuff going forward. If you pull back and you look at sort of the 2016, '17, '18 stuff that, I think, is -- you probably have access to, Seth, and you look at the typical shape of that curve, what we absolutely are seeing is the 2013, the 2014 looks like it's turning over now. But it's going to trend it their own way. But when we look at that and you look at the timing of loss, we absolutely see these things coming in certainly within our targeted range.

The 2021 and the 2022, we're watching very closely. Looks like that's beginning to turn over. Admittedly, the 2023, 2024 earlier in the life have not yet turned over. And so, we're watching that very carefully. But neither had the previous -- those previous ones I mentioned at the point at which they exist. So all of this, when we trend it out, we know the subsegments that are in there. We know how they perform and how early the loss comes. We absolutely believe all of this is coming in, in the 2% to 2.5% range, which is truly our target. So, does that give you the color you need, Seth? Anything further on that?

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

That's helpful. Of the securitizations you have outstanding, are you forecasting losses for any of them above that 2% to 2.5% range?

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

For those -- no, for the securitizations we have today, because again, we have the luxury of breaking that down by subsegment, by different pockets, and no, we right now do not see anything above the 2.5%. Yeah, again, that's -- and again, that's a target, yeah. Not saying that anything is going to come above there. If something came up at 2% -- 2.5%, 2.55% at the end of the day, we will reserve for it accordingly. It will be what it is. But no, right now, we do not see that. And I think the only other point I'll make is, again, this is what has been securitized to date. Bear in mind, and I think you're well aware of this, Seth, it's -- four months, five months, six months before it ends up in a securitization, a bulk of our tightening has absolutely occurred over the last year. So I fully expect, as that stuff hits the market, you're going to see clearly the evidence of the tightening that we have done over the last year.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

Thank you.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

I think as Jon has mentioned, right...

[Operator]

We'll go next to...

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

As Jon had mentioned, a lot of the receivables that you -- we don't see are in our warehouses, right? There's about, what, 60% roughly of what you'll see are in the securitization data that's public. But there's a good chunk of receivables that are not necessarily public, because they're in the warehouses, they're in alternative facilities. And that's really where you see a lot of that tightening that's blending into the overall loss rate.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

Thank you.

[Operator]

We'll go next to Craig Kennison with Baird. Please go ahead.

[Craig Kennison, Analyst at Robert W. Baird]

Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. I had a question on AI. At your Analyst Day a few months ago, you highlighted several ways in which your tech team was driving innovation. I guess I'm wondering, very big picture, whether you see AI as a technology that is going to level the playing field for other used car retailers, or rather might be a wedge technology that really does ultimately separate winners from losers.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. Well, thank you for the question, Craig. Well, first of all, I think, we kind of have to separate AI versus generative AI, because AI has been around a long time. We've been leveraging it for a long time in a lot of different aspects of the business. And when we talked about it most recently at the day that you're referring, it was really more generative AI. And I think at some point, folks will be embracing generative AI. I think the early adopters are the ones that get the benefit in the near term.

And as you referenced, I mean, we're leveraging in a lot of different spots. We're leveraging in our creative. We're leveraging it in our coding. We're working on some AI -- generative AI assistance on a knowledge base for our CECs, which we think is going to be really powerful. We're leveraging it on a conversational search. We've got some tests going on right now where instead of typing in key search things, we can actually do conversational search with consumers. So, again, I don't -- I think it's one of those things that's kind of going to be, at the end of the day, you just need to have it. And if you don't, you're going to be at a disadvantage. So I think those that embrace it earlier actually get a -- an early benefit of embracing it.

[Craig Kennison, Analyst at Robert W. Baird]

Thank you.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Sure.

[Operator]

We'll turn now to Rajat Gupta with JPMorgan.

[Rajat Gupta, Analyst at JPMorgan Chase & Co.]

Hey, thanks for taking the question. I had a follow-up question on CAF around net interest margin. Should we look at that 5.9% as a low here and stable around that level going forward? Just wanted to clarify that, and I just have one quick follow-up on SG&A.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Sure. Yeah, I appreciate the question, Rajat. Yeah, I think that's a fair thought, right? I mean, we're -- we signaled a multi -- a couple of quarters ago that we felt like that 6% range was about where we were going to level off. Remember, we're coming off of relatively historic highs. So we've been pleased that -- our ability to pass this rate along to the customer. Obviously, there was a shock on the interest rate market. So, we said it was coming -- those higher interest rates were coming, and it clearly has helped us to level off. So we're pleased where we sit right now, and I think we would anticipate stabilizing at this level.

Obviously, all bets are off with where the Fed heads. Hopefully, rates aren't going up. If they remain stable, we think we're in a good spot. If they come down and turn down -- as a reminder, typically, rate increases lag when rates go up and rate decreases lag when rates come down. So, hopefully, potentially, we could enjoy some added margin on the way down. But right now, I think we're in a stable spot.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. Rajat, I just would add. Look, I think Jon has done a good job of kind of saying, look, we expect to be in this range. We said -- we were 6.1% the last couple of quarters, give us a little wiggle room depending on what the -- the cost of funds. And here, it was down a little bit, but it was really reflective of the cost of funds. So I think the way we think about it is, it's really no change in story, as Jon said.

[Rajat Gupta, Analyst at JPMorgan Chase & Co.]

Understood. And just on SG&A, I mean, it looks like there are some continued actions you are taking there on the headcount side. Could you give us a sense of what areas are these taking place at? Is it the CECs or salespeople or Edmunds? And any -- and is this an indication of your view on the market backdrop in any way in the near to medium term? And relatedly, could you quantify how much the impact was from the bonus accruals this quarter as well? Thank you.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

That was a multipronged question there, Rajat. I'll try. If I miss one, just remind what the question was. In terms of where the reductions have been when it comes to compensation, which I think was your first question, it's really been across the board. We've had, compared to last year, almost a 10% decrease in our headcount when it comes to SG&A. And that's been across the board in our CECs. It's been in the business offices, in the stores, in the field, sales, consultants down as well. So what you're really looking at is tight control of our overhead, in compensation, better matching to sales, but also really driving efficiency. We continue to see quarter-over-quarter, year-over-year improvements in the efficiency of the omni model. And we've talked about that.

On two of the three metrics that we track in terms of the impact of omni on total units, so used plus wholesale, we're more efficient than we used to be at this point. When you look at as a percent to total gross profit, we're more efficient than we used to be versus when we launched omni. And one indicator, we're still not as efficient, but we're working our way there, is the omni operating model as compared on a per retail unit basis. Our goal is to be more efficient. We're not quite there yet. So we feel really good about the progress we're making. And what that really does, that focus on efficiency positions us really well for when sales rebound, and they will. And when they do, we do expect to flow through those sales at a stronger clip. I think that was one of your questions, Rajat.

[Rajat Gupta, Analyst at JPMorgan Chase & Co.]

The other was like, just, are these continued reductions in any way trying to -- or is it an indication of, like, the market backdrop in any way? Is there a view that you're taking on the volume recovery here over the next few quarters? And then the third part of the question was just what would be -- if you could quantify the impact from the bonus accruals in the third quarter?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Rajat, this is Bill. I'll take the first part. Enrique, you take SG&A. As far as -- look, if you look at our staffing, I think, for this whole year, we've been fairly stable. Like Enrique said, we're down about 10%, but headcount total has been fairly consistent the last few quarters. And I think we've really put ourselves in a position that we can be very nimble here. So depending on what happens with the business, if the business picks up, we feel really good about where we are from a staffing-wise, we can manage hours, that kind of thing. If the business took a downturn for some reason, we also feel like we have some flexibility. So I think we've really kind of given ourselves a nimbleness that we feel good about going forward. And then, I'll pass it to you...

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. For the corporate bonus piece within compensation, so, very specifically, that was about $5 million on the quarter in terms of favorability.

[Rajat Gupta, Analyst at JPMorgan Chase & Co.]

Understood. Great. Thanks for answering the questions.

[Operator]

We'll turn now to Scot Ciccarelli with Truist.

[Scot Ciccarelli, Analyst at Truist Financial]

Good morning. Scot Ciccarelli. So I have a follow-up on the affordability issues. Do you guys think you need to get back to '19 -- 2019 levels in affordability to get your 2019 volume levels back to on a -- get back to on a 2019 levels on a per store basis? And then related to that, any insight you guys could provide in 4Q? I think investors have generally been expecting comps to turn positive in 4Q just due to easy comparisons, but I believe some of the third-party data suggests trends might be still negative. I appreciate that. Thanks.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. Sure, Scot. I think on the first party question, you're talking about the affordability, and I assume you're talking about the price of cars, where it was in 2019 versus where it is today. Am I interpreting the question right?

[Scot Ciccarelli, Analyst at Truist Financial]

Correct.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yep.

[Scot Ciccarelli, Analyst at Truist Financial]

Yeah.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Look, I don't think -- I'd be hard-pressed to say I think we'll get back to the 2019 levels. I do think there's plenty of room -- back 2019, I think our average sales price was $20,000. This period, it was a little over $27,000. I think it's -- we'll get back down, hopefully, in the low-20s, low-20s or so, maybe mid-25 -- like 25 or so. All of those are better than where they are today. And we already see kind of year-over-year, where our under $20,000 cars and our under $25,000 cars, we're making progress there. So we think that's a good sign. But do I think they'll get all the way there? I don't think so, partly because just new cars are becoming more and more expensive. So I think the bigger thing there is, what does that gap look like in the future? And then as far as comps go, yeah, look, I think the market, it's been a little choppy.

And from a consumer demand standpoint, if I look at the three months of the quarter, it was choppy. I mean, September was our best month, although it was still negative. October was the lowest month. November was similar to October, although it was a little -- it was better than -- November was better than October, although they were similar. And then December is similar to November, although right now it's a little bit better. So I think we're continuing to monitor elasticity, doing the things that we need to do and, look, I'm hopeful that as we see some of this depreciation manifest itself out on the front lot, I think that'll be good for the industry going forward.

[Scot Ciccarelli, Analyst at Truist Financial]

Bill, like, I guess, my question is on the affordability issue. Like, do you need -- how much of improvement do you need in affordability to get your volume back on a kind of a per store basis to what you saw in 2019?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah, look, it's a hard question to be able to exactly answer what that needs to be. I think that -- again, I think we can get back on to the comp growth without having to get back to 2019. And again, we've seen sequential improvements this year, even though the prices haven't come down dramatically from the start of the year. So it's a hard question to answer, Scot. But look, our goal is to get back on to the comp growth. And the reality is, if I look at the first 10 months of this calendar year, which we have market share data for, versus the last six months of last year, we're doing better from a market share standpoint for the first 10 months than we were the last six months of last year, which I think is encouraging. We haven't comped total year-over-year yet, because the first half of last year was so strong. But as I said earlier, I'm encouraged by the fact that October is the first month we have month-over-month market share -- year-over-year market share growth.

[Scot Ciccarelli, Analyst at Truist Financial]

Got it. Thanks. Happy holidays, everyone.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

You too, Scot.

[Operator]

We'll go now to John Healy with Northcoast Research.

[John Healy, Analyst at Northcoast Research]

Thanks for taking my question. Just wanted to ask, Bill, just your expectations kind of maybe on this year's tax season. It's just around the corner. And what you see as kind of maybe pluses or minuses? I don't know -- and we all fixate on kind of the monthly trends, but anything relating to tax season, how you guys are feeling like that might impact this year's business or any kind of other exogenous factors that might go into kind of maybe how we see February or March demand levels kind of materialize?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. I tell you, John, if you know -- I appreciate a call afterwards and let's talk about it if you know the answer to that. I don't -- right now, I don't foresee -- there's nothing I can say that would say, okay, tax season is going to be dramatically different than last year. I mean, I think in tax season you expect to sell more cars. I think it'll be similar. I think what's going to be interesting is last year at the beginning of the calendar year, there was really steep appreciation in vehicles. And I think it'll be interesting. We aren't counting on that steep appreciation. So it'll be interesting to see the year-over-year dynamics of that from a pricing standpoint. But as we sit here right now, we're kind of planning a tax season that was similar to last year, because we don't really see any signs that would make it dramatically different.

[John Healy, Analyst at Northcoast Research]

Got it. Thank you.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Sure.

[Operator]

We'll go now to Sharon Zackfia with William Blair.

[Sharon Zackfia, Analyst at William Blair]

Hey, good morning.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[Sharon Zackfia, Analyst at William Blair]

I guess, a follow-up on that. Have you changed the way you show inventory on the website? Because it does look like there's been a big inventory build so far in the last few months. And if you're not expecting kind of a sea change in the tax refund season, I'm just curious on why we're seeing that inventory build.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah, Sharon, that's a great question. And what you're seeing there is, if you look at the average saleable inventory for the quarter, year-over-year, and the average, it's very similar to last year. If you look at the end of the quarter, to your point, it's up. And the reality is, total inventory is up a little bit, and it's up in saleable versus non-saleable. And the reason it's up in saleable is because we're planning some production shutdown. If you remember, last year, the holiday fell on the weekend. Well, we don't build cars on the weekend.

This year, it falls on a day both January -- both the first and December 25th fall on weekdays. And we want to give our folks time off and be able to enjoy the holidays. So we actually did a little bit of a pre-build early on to make sure that we took in consideration that we want to have the shops closed and give times off for the holidays. So it's really -- that's kind of what you're seeing. There is a little bit of year-over-year dynamics as well, but that's bulk of what you're seeing.

[Sharon Zackfia, Analyst at William Blair]

Okay. And any thought process yet on kind of how you're viewing expansion from a unit standpoint for next year?

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

For new locations?

[Sharon Zackfia, Analyst at William Blair]

Yeah.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah, we'll provide that guidance in -- we usually provide that guidance in our Q4 call, and that's what we'll intend to do.

[Sharon Zackfia, Analyst at William Blair]

Okay. Thank you.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Thanks, Sharon.

[Operator]

We'll go next to Chris Bottiglieri with BNP Paribas.

[Chris Bottiglieri, Analyst at BNP Paribas]

Hey, guys, thanks for taking the question. I was just hoping you could elaborate on the comment on not expecting to see a profit share in ESP. Would you expect F&I in Q4 to be similar to Q3? Is the historical seasonal difference primarily profit share? And then does that have any spillover effect into next fiscal year, like, in terms of how you set the -- I don't know, like -- anyway, is there any spillover effect from the lower Q4 profit share?

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. Thanks for the question, Chris. The seasonal effect is really more related to sales, right? And as sales map, so will ESP penetration and dollars. So the only thing we've seen in the past couple of years is really in the fourth quarter where we've seen that profit share from our partners materialize at the end of the quarter. And last year was pretty material. I think it was over $15 million. And so, I wanted to make sure we call that out. Just given the inflationary pressures that our partners have seen over the past year, it's just made their profitability a little bit more pinched. And at the end of the day, when we look for profit share, there needs to be a certain amount that they're seeing for us to have that -- to share in that. So what we've anticipated so far for this year is that we will not see that profit share. But again, that's really due to inflationary pressures that our partners are seeing.

[Chris Bottiglieri, Analyst at BNP Paribas]

Got you. Okay. And then I was hoping you could kind of elaborate on the warehouse portfolio. It's roughly two-thirds the size of the kind of securitized stuff. Like, could you just maybe tell us a little bit more about what's in there? What's the average age today versus the securitized portfolio? If you were to look at these, like, non-securitized, non-Tier 2, non-Tier 3 test receivables, like, how does the loss performance of those vintages compare to, like, the like-for-like vintages that are in the securitized books? It sounds like you're signaling that it's better, but I was hoping you can just kind of elaborate on that a little bit more.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Sure. Yeah, I'll take that one, Chris. Yeah. Really, our warehouse lines provide that short-term funding until we take it to an ABS market or we look at other instruments to do a more permanent funding solution there. But our conduit lines right now primarily hold the newest assets until we take them to the market. So you've got -- this quarter stuff is going to sit there. Last quarter stuff is going to sit there. Let's call that $4 billion. There could be some spillover as well. So, as we've mentioned, we've done significant tightening, certainly from the Tier 3 and Tier 2, but if we isolate the Tier 1 -- we've tightened in the Tier 1 space. So we would absolutely expect those Tier 1 assets to perform better than what's in the securitization. Again, all of it, we think, performs very well. But from a loss perspective, in particular, that conduit stuff is going to be a lower loss than what you're seeing in the most recent securitizations.

[Chris Bottiglieri, Analyst at BNP Paribas]

Got you.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

The receivables will tend to sit in our warehouses for between three months to six months, seven months, right, until the time we -- they then go into the securitizations. And so, that's why you see a little bit of a timing delay, right, between the performance of those two buckets of receivables.

[Chris Bottiglieri, Analyst at BNP Paribas]

Got you. Okay. Just one last quick one, just we brought it up. The seasoning has been ticking up a little bit. Is that -- is there any -- I know some of it's the Tier 2, Tier 3, but is that just the ABS markets still aren't perfectly loose, you're just not secured as much as you would like to, or why -- I guess, why is the seasoning up a little bit versus what we might have seen pre-COVID?

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Sure. Yeah. I think that really comes down to volume. I mean, we're obviously a ton of sales. CAF continues to originate $2 billion a quarter. We look at the securitization market and we try and match the amount of the volume that we put into each deal with the demand that's out there. Obviously, with our growth, we're doing about $1.5 billion each deal times four deals. We're originating about $8 billion, that has -- a year. That has grown over time. So, therefore, naturally, it has to sit a little bit longer in the warehouses. It's -- I don't think it's anything unique going on there. It's just purely a timing thing.

[Chris Bottiglieri, Analyst at BNP Paribas]

Got you. Okay. Makes sense. Thank you.

[Operator]

We'll go now to Michael Montani with Evercore ISI.

[Michael Montani, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Yes. Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. Wanted to ask, first off, on the provisioning front. We were thinking kind of $90 million-plus seemed to be a run rate trend and, obviously, came in better. So, is that the right way to think about this, maybe starting with a six-handle in the near term, given some of the tightening that you've done and all that we know? And then I just had an SG&A follow-up.

[Jon Daniels, Senior Vice President, CarMax Auto Finance Operations at CarMax]

Sure. Yeah. So just to touch on the provision once again. Again, two main components. It's any change we believe in the existing book of business versus what we had reserved for in the preceding quarter. And then the new originations. The way I think about that is, let's take the second one first. New originations, we did $2 billion this year. There's a piece of Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3 business. We've cited Tier 3 is limited. Tier 2 is in test volume. Tier 1 is the bulk of it.

You sign an anticipated lifetime loss rate, plus the cost to recover from a repossession standpoint, which is relatively small. But you sign an overall expectation of the $2 billion. That's one piece of your provision. And then it's a function of how well we've reserved for it from the preceding quarter. As we mentioned, this quarter, we felt like we've done a good job. Nothing we saw within the quarter performance suggested we were materially off. And so, that's how you ended up with $68 million. So I think you've got to bifurcate those two pieces and that's how you'd set your provision each successive quarter.

[Michael Montani, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Okay. And I guess, just to follow up then on SG&A to gross, is the mid-70s kind of near-term target still the right way to think about that level? And just overall, I mean, do we think that SG&A dollars can continue to come down in the near term if this is kind of the demand backdrop, or do we start to build SG&A dollars to try to drive volume and share?

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. So, a couple of questions there. In terms of the mid-70% SG&A as a percent of gross profit, it's absolutely our next step that we've communicated. We've made material strides in driving efficiency in our business and that -- hitting that mid-70 is our next goal. But in addition to the cost management efforts that we've undertaken, we're also going to require the consumer to return with some strength. SG&A efficiency is also a function of gross profit. And so, to hit that mid-70%, we are going to need to see some decent gross profit growth as well. But that's absolutely our next step. When it comes to SG&A kind of moving forward -- again, we're proud of the material year-over-year reductions that we've been able to delever.

And what I'll point out is that we've done that at the same time that we've improved our customer and our associate experience as we migrate further along in our omni-channel, right? And this focus on efficiency really positions us well for when sales rebound. Now, for Q4, it will be a little bit more challenging as we've largely anniversaried over our cost levers. So, Q4, I would tell you, would be more impacted by our sales performance in terms of that year-over-year SG&A dollar movement.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. And generally, historically, Q3 to Q4, your SG&A does go up to the reasons you're pointing, which is more volume and, as Enrique said, volume-driven.

[Michael Montani, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Thank you.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from John Murphy with Bank of America.

[John Murphy, Analyst at Bank of America]

Good morning, guys.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Good morning.

[John Murphy, Analyst at Bank of America]

Just a question on inventory. I don't know if you can disclose this or if you have the information, but what do you think the average ASP is in your inventory that you'll sell out? I mean, we've seen ASP come down about $2,000 from the peak, and we're still not getting the same-store sales comp lift that you might expect as that price is coming down. I'm just curious, what's in inventory? And are you able to acquire inventory at lower level -- lower prices going forward, just to drive the cost?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. Thanks for the question, John. Yeah, the -- what's in inventory now? Keep in mind, what we sold through the quarter, it's more than 50% of that was bought prior to the quarter. So, what's in inventory now is stuff that was bought during the quarter, which talked about, there's been some steep depreciation during the quarter, and we're continuing to see depreciation. So that should bring prices down. Keep in mind, though, just to kind of ground everyone, in any given year, you need about -- just during the year, you need about $1,500 of depreciation just to keep your sales prices flat. And that's just because as new cars come out, they're more expensive. So, you really don't get much benefit until after you get over $1,500 on an annual basis. So I do -- we do feel -- while we don't disclose the -- what we think the average price is, it is our inventory -- saleable inventory at this point is cheaper than what was sold in the quarter.

[John Murphy, Analyst at Bank of America]

That's very helpful. And then just one follow-up on the market share. I mean, obviously, that's an output of what's going on in the market and your actions and competitive forces. I mean, how do you think about what's going on in the competitive landscape? Because, I mean, if you think about a company like an AutoNation, it did about 1.3 million used vehicles last year on an LTM basis. They just stepped up their buying outside of their dealerships and they did about 100,000 units outside the dealerships, which they hadn't been doing before. So it just seems like that the franchise side, and that's one maybe unique example, but are -- going after some of the same vehicles that you are, even outside the traditional channels, are you seeing that as you're going out there and acquiring, or is that just -- is that kind of a one-off?

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

You mean, as far as the acquisition of vehicles?

[John Murphy, Analyst at Bank of America]

Well, I mean, the franchise dealers traditionally would take flow from their new vehicle, their trade-ins and other sources. But they've stepped outside of that traditional channel and are going out and -- going out to third-parties or not in auctions, but direct-to-consumer as well. And that was an incremental source of 100,000 units for them on an LTM basis. And that's just new, right? That's just incremental and new activity. So, I'm just curious if that's unique to them or you're seeing that sort of more in general.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. No, I think -- look, you're very aware of just kind of the volume that's out there in auctions, especially zero to four-year old vehicles. And if folks are looking for that inventory, they got to be a little bit more creative. So it doesn't surprise me that other folks are doing that. Our zero to four sales, actually, year-over-year, went up a little bit. So -- I would -- I mean, that's one data point which you have. I think all the dealers are just trying to get vehicles from wherever they can. And that's why I'm excited about some of the product innovation when it comes to things like MAX Offer.

When we talk about self-sufficiency, that's just from the consumers. We don't add in there what we're getting from other dealers and -- that product skews more retail than it does wholesale. So, it doesn't surprise me that you have an example of that. I think folks that can do things like that, they're going to try to do that. And then there's a lot of competitors. I mean, keep in mind, we're -- there's tens of thousands of competitors that sell zero to 10-year old cars. Some of them don't have that ability.

[John Murphy, Analyst at Bank of America]

Great. All right. Thank you very much. Happy holidays, guys. Thank you.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Thanks, John. You too.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Thank you.

[Operator]

We'll take our final question from David Whiston with Morningstar.

[David Whiston, Analyst at Morningstar]

Thanks. Good morning. Just wanted to ask about advertising expense which did go up year-over-year, whereas for the nine months, it's down. What was the catalyst to make you increase spending this quarter is what I'm curious about.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. That's going to be very much a function just of our capex spend and the depreciation there. But then also, when it comes to our technology spend, a good portion of our technology spend is going to be depreciated, right? And so, you'll see that impacted in our D&A.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Yeah, I think,on the advertising piece, look, we're in this for the long haul and so, we're going to spend money on brand, we're going to spend money on acquisition. Keep in mind, and -- we're trying to think about in the new year how to talk about advertising. When we talk about advertising, keep in mind, that's advertising for sales, that's advertising for buy, that's advertising on Edmunds. So, all along we've said, hey, we're going to spend more in the back half of the year, but it's going to be similar on a full year basis. And so, we're actually executing it.

Now, I don't want you to think that we're just like going and advertising. We're absolutely measuring the ROI. But what you got to realize is sometimes if the ROI is not as good on sales, you may shift some to buys or you may shift some to Edmunds. So it just depends on what's going on in the given quarter. But we would expect -- and generally, you spend a little bit more in the fourth quarter, because you've got tax season coming, which is an increase in volume. So that's really what you're seeing.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Yeah. David, sorry, I apologize. I thought you were asking about depreciation.

[David Whiston, Analyst at Morningstar]

No. I appreciate the clarification.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

You got an extra answer.

[David Whiston, Analyst at Morningstar]

Are you guys being more aggressive on your offers to consumers who want to sell a vehicle to you? Because with wholesale units up nearly 8%, I was just curious if you were looking to acquire more vehicles.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Look, we want to acquire all the vehicles, but we're going to do it in a very thoughtful, profitable way. I mean, you could -- we could buy a lot more cars, but it wouldn't make sense from a profitability standpoint. So I think the team has done a phenomenal job, especially given the steep depreciation that we've seen, how they've been able to stay on top of it, because that's definitely a short-term headwind.

[David Whiston, Analyst at Morningstar]

Okay. Thanks, guys.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Thank you.

[Enrique Mayor-Mora, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer at CarMax]

Thank you.

[Operator]

And at this time, we have no additional questions standing by. I'd like to turn the call back over to Bill for closing remarks.

[Bill Nash, President & Chief Executive Officer at CarMax]

Great. Thank you, Jamie.

Well, I want to thank all of you for joining the call today and for your questions and your continued support. As always, I want to thank our associates for everything they do to how they take care of each other and the customers and the communities. I want to wish all of them a happy holiday season, as well as all of you all. And we will talk again next quarter.

Thank you.

[Operator]

[Operator Closing Remarks]