Kingsway Financial Services Q2 2025 Earnings Report

Kingsway Financial Services EPS Results

• Actual EPS: -$0.13
• Consensus EPS: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• One Year Ago EPS: N/A

Kingsway Financial Services Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: N/A
• Expected Revenue: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Kingsway Financial Services Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q2 2025
• Date: 8/7/2025
• Time: After Market Closes
• Conference Call Date: Thursday, August 7, 2025
• Conference Call Time: 5:00PM ET

Kingsway Financial Services (NYSE:KFS) Inc., through its subsidiaries, engages in the extended warranty and business services in the United States. The company operates through two segments, Extended Warranty and Kingsway Search Xcelerator. The Extended Warranty segment markets, sells, and administers vehicle service agreements and related products for new and used automobiles, motorcycles, and ATVs. This segment also markets and distributes warranty products to manufacturers, distributors, and installers of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, standby generator, commercial LED lighting, and commercial refrigeration equipment; and provides equipment breakdown and maintenance support services to companies, as well as after-market vehicle protection services. The Kingsway Search Xcelerator offers outsourced finance and human resources consulting services, including operational accounting, such as bookkeeping, accounting, financial reporting, and analysis and strategic finance services; technical accounting comprising initial public offerings, Securities and Exchange Commission reporting, and international consolidation services; human resources, workforce management, and compliance support services; and advisory services. This segment also provides financial executive services for project and interim staffing engagements; search services for permanent placements; healthcare staffing services to acute healthcare facilities for short-term and day-to-day needs of hospitals; software products for the management needs of all types of shared-ownership properties; and fully managed outsourced cardiac telemetry services, as well as provides mobile monitors to the hospitals. The company offers its products and services through credit unions and dealers. Kingsway Financial Services Inc. was incorporated in 1989 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

Kingsway Financial Services Q2 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Positive Sentiment: PIPE financing of $15.7 million closed with five institutional investors, boosting capital for accelerated growth and raising the annual KSX deal target to 3–5 acquisitions.
• Positive Sentiment: Three KSX acquisitions completed post-quarter: Roundhouse Electric ($22.4 million purchase, $4.2 million trailing EBITDA), Advanced Plumbing & Drain (up to $5 million cost, ~$7 million expected first-year revenue), and a tuck-in of the HR Team.
• Positive Sentiment: KSX segment revenue rose 42.1% year-over-year to $13.3 million, driving a 31% increase in adjusted EBITDA to $2.4 million through recent acquisitions and organic growth.
• Negative Sentiment: Consolidated adjusted EBITDA declined to $1.7 million from $2.5 million despite 16.9% revenue growth to $30.9 million, reflecting GAAP accounting pressures in the warranty segment.
• Negative Sentiment: Extended warranty revenue edged up 3.1% to $17.6 million, but adjusted EBITDA plunged to $0.6 million from $1.6 million, highlighting timing mismatches in GAAP revenue recognition.

Presentation

[Operator]

Good day, and welcome to the Kingsway Second Quarter twenty twenty five Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. Please note this conference is being recorded. With me on the call are JT Fitzgerald, Chief Executive Officer and Kent Hansen, Chief Financial Officer.

[Operator]

Before we begin, I want to remind everyone that today's conference call may contain forward looking statements. Forward looking statements include statements regarding the future, including expected revenue, operating margins, expenses and future business outlook. Actual results of trends could materially differ from those contemplated by those forward looking statements. For a discussion of such risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ from those expressed or implied in the forward looking statements, please see the risk factors detailed in the company's annual report on the Form 10 ks and subsequent Forms 10 Q and Forms eight ks filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Please note also that today's call may include the use of non GAAP metrics that management utilizes to analyze the company's performance.

[Operator]

A reconciliation of such non GAAP metrics to the most comparable GAAP measures is available in the most recent press release as well as in the company's periodic filings with the SEC. Now I would like to hand the call over to JT Fitzgerald, CEO of Kingsway. JT, please proceed.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Thank you, Jenny. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to the Kingsway earnings call for Q2 twenty twenty five. To our knowledge, Kingsway is the only publicly traded U. S. Company employing the search fund model to acquire and build great businesses.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

We own and operate a diversified collection of high quality services companies that are asset light, profitable, growing and that generate recurring revenue. Our goal is to compound long term shareholder value on a per share basis, and we believe our business can scale due to our decentralized management model and our talented team of operator CEOs. We also continue to benefit from significant tax assets that enhance our returns. In short, Kingsway is uniquely positioned to capitalize on the search fund model at scale within a tax efficient public company framework. The 2025 marked a major inflection point for the company.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

After years of investment in our Kingsway Search Accelerator, or KSX platform, our Board of Directors with management support made an exciting decision. We are ready to accelerate growth. By following our public search fund strategy, we believe that we have a compelling opportunity to build a much larger and far more profitable Kingsway. On June 24, Kingsway announced a private placement of common shares or PIPE transaction with five high quality and long term institutional investors who contributed $15,700,000 of capital to the company. We believe the funds received from the PIPE, in combination with operating cash flow and capital from other nondilutive sources, will provide Kingsway with the financial resources to scale faster and to deliver the company's multiyear growth ambitions.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Concurrent with the announcement of the pipe, we also increased our target range for the number of KSX acquisitions the company expects to complete each year from two to three per year to three to five per year. This upgraded target underscores our confidence in the KSX model and the strong visibility we have into a growing pipeline of high quality opportunities. I'm pleased to share that since completing the pipe, we have executed three acquisitions that are each a terrific fit for our search driven strategy. On July 1, we completed our ninth KSX acquisition via the purchase of Roundhouse Electric and Equipment Company for $22,400,000 At the time of the acquisition, Roundhouse's trailing twelve month unaudited revenue was $16,000,000 and its trailing twelve month unaudited adjusted EBITDA was $4,200,000 Roundhouse, based in Odessa, Texas, is a leading provider of industrial scale electric motor maintenance, repair and testing solutions. This acquisition checks all the boxes for what we look for in a KSX business.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

It is capital light. Roughly 90% of its revenues are recurring or reoccurring, and Roundhouse's services are considered mission critical by its customers, who are generally midstream natural gas pipeline operators and natural gas utilities in the Permian Basin. Roundhouse has excellent growth prospects underpinned by two clear secular trends. First, there is strong demand for additional pipeline capacity in the Permian Basin. Based on public statements, the four largest midstream natural gas pipeline operators collectively expect to increase their capacity by approximately 17% by the 2026, with even more growth in the years thereafter.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Second, the industry is rapidly shifting from motors with combustible engines to motors with electric engines, which require less maintenance, have lower operating costs and achieve better uptime. In 2020, an estimated 10% of compression horsepower in the Permian Basin was electric. Today, that number is over 20%. In the years ahead, we expect electric motors to become the dominant engine type in the Permian. This is a wonderful tailwind for Roundhouse's business.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Miles Mammen, the operator in residence at Kingsway, who sourced and led this transaction, has stepped into the CEO role at Roundhouse. We are excited to support Miles as he partners with Roundhouse's exceptional leadership team, including Lee Hudson, who is remaining with the company as President, to drive the next phase of growth. We are pleased to welcome Roundhouse to the Kingsway family and look forward to being a great supportive partner. On August 1, we completed our tenth KSX acquisition via the purchase of AAA Flexible Pipe Cleaning Corp, which operates as Advanced Plumbing and Drain, a well respected plumbing services provider based in the Cleveland, Ohio metro area. This marks the second acquisition under our Kingsway Skilled Trades platform, and it's another strong addition to our portfolio.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Advanced Plumbing and Drain is the second largest commercial plumbing business in its MSA. It is a capital light profitable business with a one hundred year legacy and an impressive book of reoccurring revenue. Its operations span both commercial and residential plumbing services, with commercial work representing about two thirds of the business. Kingsway acquired the company for $3,500,000 plus a potential earn out of up to $1,500,000 for a total maximum purchase price of $5,000,000 And we expect the company to generate $7,000,000 in revenue and approximately $700,000 in pro form a EBITDA in its first year. We see a clear path to significant revenue and profit growth as we invest in people, new service lines and marketing.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

I want to congratulate Rob Casper, CEO of Kingsway Skilled Trades, for closing this deal and for the terrific progress he is already making across the Skilled Trades vertical. With BUDS Plumbing and now Advanced Plumbing and Drain now in the portfolio, we are gaining real traction in building a differentiated, high quality platform with scale. Also on August 1, our operating subsidiary, Ravix Group, completed our eleventh KSX acquisition via the strategic tuck in acquisition of the HR team, a specialized human resources service firm based in Maryland. The HR team expands Ravix's capabilities in HR services, strengthens Ravix's presence on the East Coast, and accelerates Ravix's growth in the nonprofit membership organization and government services verticals. There is a high degree of cultural fit and alignment between the two organizations, and integration efforts are already underway and progressing smoothly.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Senior leadership from the HR team remains actively engaged to ensure continuity of service during the integration period. This type of tuck in is a perfect example of how we empower our portfolio company leaders to grow their businesses well beyond the initial acquisition. Timmy Okaw continues to do an outstanding job leading Ravix, building out the team, expanding service lines and executing thoughtful, high impact growth initiatives. Moves like this reinforce our broader strategy of backing great operators and then giving them the tools and support to succeed. It's a clear validation of the KSX model and the caliber of leaders we have at Kingsway.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Year to date, we have acquired five high quality asset light services businesses at the top end of our recently increased target range for KSX acquisitions per year. We are excited about the momentum building across Kingsway and energized by the pace and quality of acquisition activity so far in 2025. We currently have two operators in residence or OIR's who are actively searching for our next acquisition targets. And we are in the process of interviewing high quality candidates to expand this bench. We are seeing exceptional interest in our OIR program, and the caliber of applicants continues to get better and better.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

With our strong pipeline of entrepreneurial talent, we are positioning Kingsway to efficiently source, acquire and scale additional businesses that fit our model. As of quarter end, our trailing twelve month adjusted run rate EBITDA for the businesses we own today stands at approximately 22,000,000 to $23,000,000 This metric provides a view of how the company would have performed over the last twelve months if Kingsway had owned all of our current businesses for that entire time. GAAP results, in contrast, only capture the performance of the acquired businesses from their respective close dates onward. We believe this metric is particularly relevant during periods of high M and A activity like the past few years and better reflects the run rate earnings power of our current portfolio. It's also worth noting that in calculating this metric, we are not using modified cash EBITDA for our extended warranty businesses.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

As we've discussed in previous earnings calls, many in the extended warranty industry prefer to use a metric called modified cash EBITDA when assessing and valuing extended warranty businesses. This is because under GAAP accounting, growing extended warranty businesses often see their EBITDA penalized, while shrinking extended warranty businesses often see their EBITDA boosted due to the timing differences in how revenue is recognized. Kingsway's extended warranty businesses are back in growth mode, and a gap has recently opened up between adjusted EBITDA and modified cash EBITDA. Compared to one year ago, trailing twelve month mod cash EBITDA for Kingsway's extended warranty businesses, which is how we assess the performance, is up 1.9. In contrast, compared to one year ago, trailing twelve month adjusted EBITDA for Kingsway's extended warranty businesses is down 25.9%.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Over time, adjusted EBITDA and mod cash EBITDA converge, and we expect the same to occur for Kingsway. To sum up, the second quarter was a quarter of significant progress for the company. We added capital to fund our multiyear growth ambitions, increased our acquisition targets and delivered three attractive acquisitions. The earnings power of our KSX segment is now at a record high, and we feel like we're just getting started. With that, I'll turn the call over to Kent for a closer look at our second quarter financial performance. Kent?

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Thank you, JT, and good afternoon, everyone. For the second quarter, consolidated revenue was $30,900,000 an increase of 16.9% compared to $26,400,000 in the 2024. Consolidated adjusted EBITDA was $1,700,000 for the three months ended 06/30/2025, compared to $2,500,000 in the prior year quarter. In our KSX segment, revenue increased by 42.1 to $13,300,000 in Q2, up from $9,300,000 in the same quarter a year ago. Adjusted EBITDA increased by 31% to $2,400,000 compared to $1,800,000 in the year ago quarter.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

The increases were driven by recent acquisitions as well as by organic growth. Overall, we continue to see strong momentum across the KSX portfolio, with contributions from both new and established businesses helping drive both the top and bottom line. Importantly, many of our operating businesses are setting themselves up accelerate growth in the quarters ahead. Ravix and C Suite, which are operated by common management and provide outsourced finance, human resources and CFO services, hired a new Director of Sales to lead client acquisition efforts and enhance sales execution and client engagement. S and S appears to have turned the corner and delivered encouraging volume trends this quarter with both travel shifts and per diem shifts up double digits year over year.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

SPI Software delivered an outstanding quarter with strong customer go lives and higher adjusted EBITDA. DDI's revenue growth was solidly in the double digits. Image Solutions has rebuilt its sales team, negotiated and signed an MSA with a key customer, and is planning for solid growth in the back half of the year. And Bud's Plumbing is off to an excellent start under the Kingsway Skilled Trades platform. Simply put, there's a lot to be bullish about in the KSX portfolio of operating companies.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Moving to our Extended Warranty segment. Revenue increased by 3.1% to $17,600,000 in the second quarter, up from $17,100,000 in the prior year period. Adjusted EBITDA was down to $600,000 from $1,600,000 in the prior year quarter. As JT discussed earlier, the extended warranty segment's modified cash EBITDA, a key industry metric that more closely reflects the cash flow dynamics of the warranty businesses, showed improvement. Trailing twelve month mod cash EBITDA for extended warranty ended the quarter up 1.9% relative to one year ago.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

In addition, cash sales were up 9.2% year over year for the quarter, an acceleration from Q1, and are now up 6.5% year to date. Demand for our warranty services continues to strengthen, and the improvement in cash sales reinforces our confidence that GAAP earnings will recover over time as deferred revenue from recent cash sales is recognized. Overall, the extended warranty segment remains cash generative and well positioned for continued success. Let's now turn to the balance sheet and capital structure. As of 06/30/2025, we held $12,100,000 in cash and cash equivalents, up from $5,500,000 at year end.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Total debt was $58,300,000 at quarter end compared to $57,500,000 as of 12/31/2024. Our debt consists of $43,400,000 in bank loans, dollars 1,100,000.0 in notes payable, and $13,900,000 in subordinated debt. Net debt, or debt minus cash, at quarter end was 46,300,000.0 down from $52,000,000 at year end. The decrease in net debt is primarily related to net proceeds from the private placement we completed during the second quarter. Turning briefly to a legacy legal matter.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

During the second quarter, we recorded $600,000 of expense related to a settlement agreement with Aegis Security Insurance. This stems from a long standing dispute tied to customs bond issues related to Lincoln General, a former Kingsway subsidiary placed into liquidation nearly ten years ago in 2015. Importantly, our reimbursement obligations under this agreement ended on 06/30/2025, so this expense will not recur going forward. Additional information regarding this item can be found in our Form 10 Q. Let me turn things back over to JT for a few final thoughts before we open the line for questions. JT?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Thanks, Ken. Well, to close, I'd like to express my thanks and appreciation to Kingsway's employees, partners and shareholders. It's truly a new day for Kingsway. We have an amazing team, a wonderful set of operating businesses. We added funding to deliver our multiyear growth ambitions, and our KSX platform is ready to scale.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

After years of building the foundation, it's finally time to play offense. The energy at Kingsway is palpable, and I look forward to sharing more good news in the 2025. I'll now turn the call back over to Jenny to open the line for questions.

[Operator]

Thank you very much. We'll be conducting our question and answer Our first question is coming from Christian Solberg of Sun Mountain Partners. Christian, your line is live.

[Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners]

Hi, JT and Kent. How are you both?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Great, Christian.

[Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Good. Thank you.

[Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners]

So just a quick question here. I didn't quite understand with the run rate EBITDA of 22,000,000 to 23,000,000 Was that as of quarter end? Or did that include these three new acquisitions that occurred post quarter end?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

No, it's a great question. You sensed me stumbling over my words there. It includes sort of as of quarter end for the things that previously owned, but is also inclusive of our recent acquisitions.

[Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners]

Okay. So we take that 22,000,000 to $23,000,000 and we subtract the roughly $4,200,000 for Roundhouse, the $700,000 and 200 ks for the other two, roughly, to get a sense of what the run rate EBITDA was excluding these new deals?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Yes, that's right.

[Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners]

Okay. So in Q1, the run rate EBITDA was 18,000,000 to $19,000,000 If I subtract out those three deals from the 22,000,000 to 23,000,000 it's roughly 16,900,000.0. So we could just round and say 17,000,000, which is below where we were in q one. So just help help me unpack that a little bit. Is that due primarily to extended warranty and some of the revenue recognition items you were talking about? Just help me a little bit there.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Yeah. If you look at the press release and the table, you'll see that warranty had a pretty tough year over year comp on a GAAP basis. And so that would, I think, basically fully explain the shortfall, more than fully explain it.

[Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners]

Okay, great. That's all for me. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you very much. Okay. Not seeing anybody else in the queue. So I will now turn the call over to James Carbonara for questions that have been submitted via email. James?

[James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR]

Thank you, operator. First question, about a handful came in and apologies, you may have answered some of these in the prepared remarks already. First one is Kingsway has now made five acquisitions this year against its target range of three to five. Should we expect that Kingsway is likely to be done with transactions for the rest of 2025?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Thank you. No, I don't think that that's a good expectation. First of all, let me say that three to five is a target. Got to be mindful of targets. People want to hit targets.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

And I think I'd first say that first and foremost, our objective is to be disciplined investors. And so we're not going to just do an acquisition to hit a target. But with that out of the way, we currently have two OIR's actively looking for our next acquisition. We've got a skilled trades platform. We've got other businesses that have the potential to do tuck in acquisitions.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

And so, we're not going to go pencils down once we hit some internal subjective target. So we'll continue to be active and looking for our next great opportunity whenever it comes.

[James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR]

Great. Next question says, by my count, Kingsway only has two active OIR's at the moment. Do you expect this number to increase? How is your pipeline of OIR talent?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Yes. I think we spoke to that a little bit in the prepared remarks, but that's correct. Two active OIR's at the moment with Miles launching and earlier Rob launching. So we certainly expect this number to increase. We'd like to get back up to our kind of normal four to five.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

And we have a great pipeline, really talented folks and a lot of interest in what we're building.

[James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR]

Great. And the next one says, you've now made 11 acquisitions, nearly half of those coming this year. What have you learned between the first acquisition to say the two you announced this week? Would you anticipate the next 11 acquisitions going to look like the first 11? Why or why not?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Yes. Mean, they're all varied. Like I wouldn't say that they all kind of the first 11 look the same, but we definitely have learned things along the way. We've made some mistakes and we've, I think, made some great investments. I think that more than anything, would say that our aperture over the last four years has really tightened around a focus on revenue quality with a higher standard of recurring revenue being primary to our kind of approach to looking at businesses.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

And I would also say that as we've gained comfort and experience in a couple of different verticals, whether that's accounting services or IT MSP or more recently skilled trades, I think that we gain more comfort with experience. And so you'd probably see more activity in those verticals as well.

[James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR]

Thank you. And the last one is a follow-up. It says and just as a follow-up with 11 acquisitions, you've now hired perhaps not 11 OIRs, but many OIRs. In the same vein as the previous question, what have you learned from the first to the most recent couple of hires? Will the next half dozen or so OIRs look like the first crop that made these 11 acquisitions? Why or why not?

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Yes. Again, think look like a very wonderful group of and diverse group of folks, our first all of our OARs up to this point. I think that we have a set of criteria, set of attributes that we think are important, I think indicative of success as a leader in a small company. We've talked about those in the past. I think if anything, we've maybe re indexed on certain of those attributes.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

Obviously, we're looking for bright, curious, humble, honest entrepreneurial folks that have a real demonstrated will to win. And so hard to say look like one or another, but I think that provided that they have that set of attributes, we think that that is predictive, if not predictive, at least indicative of being a successful leader in a small company. So we're going to continue to screen based on our criteria that we think that works and continue to refine our interviewing and screening process as we go forward and maybe index even heavier on a couple of those attributes.

[James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR]

Thank you, JT. That concludes the questions that were emailed in. I'll throw it back to you for any closing comments.

[John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc]

All right. Well, thanks, everyone, for joining us here this afternoon. Really appreciate it, and, look forward to connecting with you throughout the rest of the year. That's it from our side.

[Operator]

Thank you very much. This does conclude today's conference call. You may disconnect your phone lines at this time and have a wonderful rest of the day. We thank you for your participation.

Participants

Executives

• Kent Hansen, EVP & CFO

Analysts

• John T. Fitzgerald, CEO & Director at Kingsway Financial Services Inc
• Christian Solberg, Managing Member, Portfolio Manager & Co-Founder at Sun Mountain Partners
• James Carbonara, Partner at Hayden IR