Energy Recovery Q3 2024 Earnings Report

Energy Recovery EPS Results

• Actual EPS: $0.15
• Consensus EPS: $0.14
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$0.01
• One Year Ago EPS: $0.17

Energy Recovery Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $38.60 million
• Expected Revenue: $37.37 million
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$1.23 million
• YoY Revenue Growth: +4.30%

Energy Recovery Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q3 2024
• Date: 10/30/2024
• Time: After Market Closes
• Conference Call Date: Wednesday, October 30, 2024
• Conference Call Time: 5:00PM ET

Energy Recovery (NASDAQ:ERII) develops and manufactures energy-recovery and fluid-management technologies for industrial applications. The company is best known for its PX Pressure Exchanger, which transfers hydraulic energy from high-pressure reject streams to incoming feedwater, helping reduce the energy requirements of seawater and brackish-water desalination systems.

Its products and related technologies are used in municipal and industrial water treatment, desalination, oil and gas, chemical processing, and other applications involving high-pressure fluids. Energy Recovery has also developed specialized pumps, turbochargers, and fluid-handling systems designed to improve efficiency, reliability, and operating costs in demanding industrial processes.

Founded in 1992, the company serves customers internationally through direct sales, project relationships, and industry partners. Its technologies are used in water-treatment and industrial facilities across global markets, including North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and other regions with significant desalination or high-pressure fluid-processing needs.

Energy Recovery Q3 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Record Q3 revenue of $38.6 million at the upper end of guidance, and reaffirmed full-year revenue outlook of $140 million to $150 million as the company targets its largest quarter ever in Q4 and 11th consecutive year of growth.
• Water segment revenue rose 4% year-over-year and 42% sequentially, driven by mega desalination shipments in India and Dubai and new SWRO contracts in Morocco and the UAE, highlighting strong demand in MENA and India.
• Wastewater pipeline grew 46% year-over-year with signed contracts, though 2024 revenue is expected at the lower end of the $12 million to $15 million guide due to the phased NEOM project, offset by outperformance in the OEM channel.
• CO₂ business achieved 11 installed PXG sites and published a white paper showing up to 30% improvement in coefficient of performance and 15% annual energy savings, with OEM integrations underway and 30–50 sites targeted by year-end.
• Financial execution included a gross margin of 65.1% (above the 62–64% guide), reduced full-year operating expense guidance to $76 million–$78 million, net income of $8.5 million, and a cash position of $140 million.

Presentation

[Operator]

Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Energy Recovery third-quarter earnings call. Our host for today's call is Lionel McBee. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. If a question should arise during the presentation, please press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad to enter the queue. I would like to now turn the call over to your host, Mr. McBee.

[Lionel McBee, Director of Investor Relations at Energy Recovery]

Good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to Energy Recovery's 2024 third-quarter earnings conference call. We appreciate your joining us. I'm Lionel McBee, Director of Investor Relations at Energy Recovery, and I am joined here today by our President and Chief Executive Officer, David Moon, and our Chief Financial Officer, Mike Mancini. The pre-recorded remarks from today's call are available on the investor section of our website and are meant to accompany the third-quarter earnings news release, which is posted in the same location. During today's call, we may make projections and other forward-looking statements under the safe harbor provisions contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding future events or the future financial performance of the company. These statements may discuss our business, economic and market outlook, growth expectations, new products and their performance, cost structure, and business strategy.

[Lionel McBee, Director of Investor Relations at Energy Recovery]

Forward-looking statements are based on information currently available to us and on management's beliefs, assumptions, estimates, and projections. Forward-looking statements are not guaranteed of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and other factors. We refer you to documents the company files from time to time with the SEC, specifically the company's Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. These documents identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in our projections or forward-looking statements. All statements made during this call are made only as of today, October 30th, 2024, and the company expressly disclaims any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements made during this call to reflect subsequent events or circumstances unless otherwise required by law. And lastly, for your planning purposes, please note that our fourth-quarter and full-year earnings conference call is scheduled for Wednesday, February 26th, 2025.

[Lionel McBee, Director of Investor Relations at Energy Recovery]

And with that, I will turn the call over to David.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Thanks, Lionel, and thank you for joining us today. As Lionel mentioned, we are joined today for the first time on our quarterly earnings call by Energy Recovery's new CFO, Mike Mancini, who started on August the 5th. I want to say how grateful I am for Mike's partnership and the work he has already done. As I mentioned last quarter, Mike brings a wealth of experience in high-growth engineering and technology companies. He has had executive leadership roles in finance, where he demonstrated his ability to drive financial strategy and performance across the entire enterprise. Additionally, his background with the institutional investment community provides him with a deep understanding of capital markets, which makes him a valuable asset to our leadership team. Now, before I get into the third-quarter financial results, I will make a brief comment on our strategic planning process or the playbook, as we call it.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Although we won't be getting into any of the specifics of the playbook on this call, we are hosting a live investor webinar on November the 18th, where members of my senior leadership team will present our playbook, including growth plans for desalination, wastewater, and CO2. We will also provide guidance for 2025 and 2026, as well as provide long-term 2029 financial targets. The webinar will take place at 10:00 A.M. Eastern Time and will last approximately two hours, including a live Q&A session. The event will be accessible virtually via the link located on the IR calendar section of Energy Recovery's IR website, and a replay of the event will also be archived there. Additional details can be found in our press release issued on October the 21st. Now, let's move into the third-quarter update.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

First, let me start by saying thank you to our employees for helping deliver another very solid quarter. With total revenue of $38.6 million, we achieved the upper end of our guidance for the quarter and set another quarterly revenue record. Now, while we still have considerable work to do to deliver what stands to be the largest quarter in the company's history in the fourth quarter, our third-quarter performance did create a line of sight to achievement of our four-year guidance of $140-$150 million. As I've said the last couple of quarters, the demands on the team to deliver on these mega projects are only increasing.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

With that said, I remain confident in our ability to deliver what will be the biggest quarter in Energy Recovery's history, capping off what will be the 11th consecutive year of revenue growth and another year of strong market share in our mega projects channel. Let me talk briefly about our high-level segment results before turning it over to Mike for the financial results. Let's start with water. Water revenue came in at $38.3 million, an increase of 4% compared to the third quarter of 2023, and up 42% compared to the second quarter of 2024. This reflects the high end of our guidance for the third quarter of $35-$39 million and continues the prior quarter's solid growth in mega projects. Results were driven by continued strong demand in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as demand from India.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

I'd like to highlight several notable desal shipments made during the quarter. First, we completed the second and final shipment of the Perur project in Chennai, India, worth $4.1 million, as we mentioned previously during our July earnings call. Once constructed, this will be the largest desalination plant in India, delivering 400,000 cubic meters per day. Also, as a reminder, the Perur project was just one of the projects included in the $15 million in contracts that we announced in July for several SWRO desalination plants in India. For the remaining four projects under these contracts, we shipped $8.3 million and expect to complete the additional $2.6 million of shipments in the fourth quarter. Altogether, these plants will provide over 670,000 cubic meters of clean drinking water to communities in India each day.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

We also made progress on the Hassyan IPP project in Dubai, UAE, during the third quarter, which, once constructed, will be the largest desalination plant in Dubai, providing 820,000 cubic meters per day. As of our last call in July, we had shipped the first phase. As of today, I'm pleased to report that we shipped a total of $10.5 million year to date and expect to ship the final $5.3 million in Q4. In addition to these shipments, we also continue to secure major desalination contracts in recent months. In August, we signed contracts totaling $27.5 million for SWRO desalination projects in Morocco. These projects will supply over 1 million cubic meters per day of potable water for municipal and agricultural use, which represents enough water for more than 600,000 Moroccans. As of today, we have shipped $12.3 million of that total order.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

The balance of the order is currently expected to be filled in 2024. However, we are closely monitoring this timing, given an end-of-December target shipping date. North Africa continues to be an important driver of growth for our water business, with secular trends such as ongoing drought, industrial growth, and population growth continuing to generate strong demand for SWRO desalination plants. Earlier this month, we announced contract awards totaling over $12 million for three SWRO desalination projects in the United Arab Emirates. The plans include capacity totaling close to one million cubic meters per day, and as a proof point as to the manufacturing improvements we have made, our intent is to ship nearly all of these orders in the fourth quarter. Both contract awards and their shipment dates were on our radar and therefore included in our 2024 financial guidance.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Based on our strong third-quarter results and our expectations for additional shipments in the fourth quarter, we are maintaining our revenue guidance of $140-$150 million for the year. Now, as we provided in previous quarters, our current 2024 total water revenue, as of the end of the third quarter, which includes revenue recognized in the first nine months of the year and signed projects under contract yet to be delivered, totals approximately $137 million, or 94% of the midpoint of our guided range for 2024. This compares to roughly $136 million, or 100% of the guided range at the same time in 2023. With this substantial progress towards our four-year guidance, underpins our confidence in reaffirming our guided range for the full year. We cannot control customer-driven delays or slippage.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

With that said, we continue to collaborate closely with our customers and will remain focused on strong execution in the fourth quarter to complete our remaining shipments and to deliver our four-year guidance. In the event unforeseen circumstances cause slippage towards the end of the year, I'd like to reiterate that the associated revenue would not be at risk, but would simply be recognized in 2025 rather than in the fourth quarter of 2024. Now, turning to wastewater. Our wastewater pipeline continues to grow, and we've increased our signed wastewater contracts by almost 46% as compared to last year during the same period. Our strategic diversification strategy for water is underway, and we are making progress in our product portfolio expansion. For the year, we expect to generate revenue towards the lower end of our previously provided guided range of $12 million-$15 million.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

This is primarily the result of a wastewater mega project, the NEOM project in Saudi Arabia, that's transitioned to a longer-term phase project over multiple years. However, we expect to offset this impact through continued outperformance that we are seeing in the OEM channel. We will share more details on our progress and our strategy for wastewater during our investor webinar on November the 18th. Overall, we feel that the air pocket created by rapidly rising interest rates, inflationary effects, and concerns around the global economic activity have begun to moderate. Clearly, there are still economic and geopolitical concerns around the globe, but the long-term trend for freshwater demand remains intact, and we continue to see solid growth ahead. Now, let's move to our CO2 business. We continue to make progress in the development and commercialization of our second-generation PXG.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

As I stated during our last call, in the second quarter, we completed our first gating item for 2024, which was the successful completion of lab testing. During the third quarter, we turned our focus to our second gating item, which is the installation of 30-50 sites by the end of Q4 2024. I am pleased to report that we reached our initial goal of having at least 10 sites installed and operating across the U.S. and Europe. In fact, we've now completed the installation of a total of 11 sites year to date. With that site goal reached, we were able to complete the collection of critical summary data. As I discussed during our last call, we partnered with DC Engineering, a highly respected third-party engineering firm, to measure and verify energy savings provided by our second-generation PXG at six of the 10 initial sites.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

I'm pleased to report that in that collaboration with DC Engineering, we recently published a white paper on these results, which we believe will be the catalyst for our OEM partners and for us to accelerate PXG adoption with end users in the near term. The white paper can be found on our website. The results were better than expected, showing that the PXG reduces energy consumption, increases cooling capacity, and improves system stability. The findings showed that the PXG improved the leading metric of energy efficiency, or the coefficient of performance, by peaks up to 30%, with as much as 15% in projected annual energy savings. In addition to energy efficiency, findings estimate that the PXG increases cooling capacity for CO2 refrigeration systems by up to 15% in 95 degrees Fahrenheit or 35 degrees Centigrade, providing operational flexibility to safeguard against heat waves.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Based on the success of the ongoing measurement and verification processes, during the third quarter, multiple OEMs began the process of integrating the PXG into their CO2 transcritical racks. This is a necessary and important step towards full commercialization of the PXG. We are highly encouraged by the test results and the resulting integration by our OEM partners. Adding to our momentum, we currently have 19 additional sites to be commissioned for installation in the coming months. Including the 11 sites already installed and operating, we're on a clear path towards meeting the low end of our target of 30-50 sites installed by the end of this year. Additionally, our pipeline of additional sites has grown meaningfully as the industry has gained awareness of the PXG technology.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

We're here in discussions with existing customers to expand installed sites and with new OEMs for new sites across the U.S. and Europe. Momentum for the PXG is clearly accelerating. I look forward to sharing additional details on our progress and strategy for CO2 and wastewater during our upcoming webinar. With that, I'd like to hand it over to Mike to discuss our financial results for the quarter.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Thank you, David, and let me start by saying thanks to you and to the board for your trust and confidence in me to lead the finance function here at Energy Recovery. Before arriving, I was excited about the company's core business prospects, the exciting opportunities to grow and expand the reach of the PX technology, and the opportunity to drive profitability and cash flow.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

After almost three months on the job, I'm now confident in the company's ability to create value for shareholders, and I look forward to working with the team on driving financial results. I'd like to begin by discussing our revenue, gross margin, and product mix. Then I'll discuss our operating expense, net income, and cash position, as well as our expectations for the full year 2024. As David mentioned, we had a solid quarter of revenue generating $38.6 million at the upper end of our guidance. The project-driven, lumpy nature of our mega project channel has become quite evident to me even in the short time I have been here. Q4 revenue is expected to be between $62 million and $72 million, which will represent over 45% of our full-year revenue at the midpoint.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

In the fourth quarter alone, five projects represent approximately 50% of the revenue, with a single project representing over 20%. Any delays in shipment dates on those projects could have an impact on our full-year revenue, although there would be a minimal impact to the intrinsic value of the business of such delays. Moving to margins. Our gross margin improved 50 basis points when compared to the second quarter of the year, with the third quarter coming in at 65.1%, above our previously guided range of 62%-64% for the third quarter. We believe we've turned the corner in our efforts to manage and resolve challenges related to our ramp-up in production of the Q400. And our gross margin expectation for the fourth quarter is 64%-68%, which would put our full-year gross margin guidance within our guided range of 64% and 67%.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Regarding product mix, on our last call, we stated that the Q400 was trending towards 50% of our water PX demand for 2024, up from our original expectation of 25%. During the third quarter, the Q400 comprised approximately 45% of our water PX demand, reinforcing our expectation for a 50% product mix for the full year. This faster-than-expected adoption of the Q400 highlights our product leadership position in the mega project desalination space and underscores our ability to align our solutions with customers' evolving needs. Our operating expenses for the third quarter were $18.1 million, which came in below our previously guided range of $21-$22 million for the quarter. One-time costs for the quarter were $1.1 million. As a result, base OpEx for the quarter was $17 million, a 1% increase from the same period last year.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

So while our focus on cost and capital efficiency are working, we do expect to continue to experience some one-time costs associated with the work in support of our long-term growth strategy and some added employee count to support our growth. Still, we will be able to capture the benefit of our cost efforts and are reducing our full-year operating expense guidance to $76-$78 million from the previous $78-$80 million, which still includes the estimated $7 million in one-time costs we have indicated before. This implies expected operating expense for the fourth quarter of approximately $20-$22 million and full-year 2024 base OpEx of $69-$71 million. Additionally, we reported income from operations for the third quarter of $7.1 million, in line with our expectation provided on our last call to move to a positive operating income as the year progresses.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

We also reported net income for the quarter of $8.5 million, reflecting a substantial increase compared to the second quarter. Lastly, we maintained our cash balance during the quarter with cash and investments of $140 million as of the end of the third quarter, compared to $138 million at the end of the second quarter. We remain in a very strong financial position, and we expect to end the year at between $140 and $150 million of cash, depending on collections. With that, I'd like to turn it back over to David for a few closing remarks.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Thank you, Mike. To sum up, we delivered a record third quarter. And while there is still work ahead of us to execute the fourth quarter, we remain confident in our full-year revenue guidance of $140-$150 million.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

We remain on track to generate $12-$15 million in revenue from our wastewater business, although we anticipate this will come in towards the lower end of that range. We are on track to deliver the low end of 30-50 sites with our second-generation PXG installed by the end of the year. We are maintaining our gross margin guidance of 64%-67%, and we are reducing our operating expense guidance from $76-$78 million. With that, now let's move to Q&A.

[Operator]

If you would like to ask a question at this time, please press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad. Once again, to ask a question, press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad now, and you'll be placed in the queue in the order received. Your first question comes from Ryan Pfingst with B. Riley Securities. Your line is open.

[Ryan Pfingst, Analyst at B.Riley Securities]

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my questions.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Hey, Ryan.

[Ryan Pfingst, Analyst at B.Riley Securities]

Not to get ahead of the webinar, but I was wondering if you could talk about the competitive landscape in CO2. Is anyone else attempting to do what you guys are doing with the PXG?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

No, no other pressure exchanger competition that we see of today. Now, as you know, we compete against other technologies for applications in the space, but no one with a pressure exchanger.

[Ryan Pfingst, Analyst at B.Riley Securities]

Got it. Total, David. And then I guess for my second question on your capital allocation strategy, wondering how you're thinking about the potential for share repurchases with the strong cash balance you have now. And maybe if you could remind us of the capital requirements needed for the CO2 opportunity. I know it's still early stage, but is there any meaningful cash needed as that opportunity ramps?

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Hey, Ryan. This is Mike.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

So I think we're going to get into that on the webinar. We'll lay out all of our growth strategy plans, capital needs, and roll out a capital allocation policy. So we will be talking about that on November 18th.

[Ryan Pfingst, Analyst at B.Riley Securities]

Understood. Thanks for taking my questions.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Thanks, Ryan.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from Pavel Molchanov with Raymond James. Your line is open.

[Pavel Molchanov, Analyst at Raymond James]

Yeah. Thanks for taking the question. Let me start with kind of a high-level one about desal. Are you observing any geographic diversification of your customer mix away from the Middle East and towards newer desal markets?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Hi, Pavel. This is David. Nice to talk to you. No, still the concentration still is favoring Middle East, Africa.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

In the third quarter, as it's done really all of this year, over 70% of our revenue for the quarter came from the MEA, and then about 60% came from for the first nine months of the year came from MEA. So we're still very reliant on that part of the world. We'll look to continue to be that. As you'll hear in the webinar, the Middle East and Africa will continue to play a very important part of our mix over the next five years. On the refrigeration side, I remember this is now a couple of years ago, you signed a strategic partnership in the Netherlands with Fjord Techniek. And in Italy? Yeah. Still going strong. Yep. And in Italy with Epta Group.

[Pavel Molchanov, Analyst at Raymond James]

Have there been any other European partners that you've signed up?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

No, we've got a number of new faces that we're talking to, Pavel, at the moment. But in terms of official sort of partnerships, it's Epta and it's Fjord at the moment in Europe. And I guess the go-to-market strategy for refrigeration, I'm sure you'll touch on that in a few weeks here, but is it going to remain kind of centered around a select list of partners, or is there a better approach to getting the word out about this product? Ultimately, to get to the end users. It doesn't mean we're not talking to end users directly, but ultimately, the OEMs is where we have to get our PXG integrated into their systems and thus get ourselves officially specced within a supermarket. And so to do that, we've got to go through the OEMs. All right. We'll save the rest until November 18th. Looking forward to it.

[Pavel Molchanov, Analyst at Raymond James]

Thank you.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Thanks, Pavel.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from Jason Bandel with Evercore ISI. Your line is open.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Great. Thanks for taking my question. My first one is for Mike. You've been in the CFO seat now for almost three months, like you said, and in the prepared remarks, you touched on what attracted you to the company. Just curious, what were some of your initial impressions being inside the company so far, and what are some of the initiatives that you've been focusing on, of course, in addition to the playbook work?

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah. Thanks for the question, Jason. So you've been here almost three months now, and I think largely what I expected coming in has been true, and that really is, I think the key word for me is opportunity. There is opportunity for efficiency in manufacturing. There's opportunity for efficiency in cost. There's opportunity for growth.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

There's opportunity for capital and how we allocate it, and just a lot of things where we can bring my expertise in finance to the team, along with the other new executives here, to really focus on profitable growth going forward.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Got it. Makes sense. I'm looking forward to working with you. You as well. Next, in refrigeration, David, I'm just curious, in the white paper, was the performance of the PXG consistent across the six sites that were monitored by DC Engineering?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah. Consistent depending on temperature variation, right, whether Canada versus Southern California, so there's a bit of that variation, but what was consistent was the energy savings and the capacity increase. Now, it differed. The amount of energy savings and capacity increase differed depending on location, but we got both of those out of all the locations that we've been tracking.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

And in terms of the remaining sites for the year, now that you have the performance data in hand in this white paper, how are you prioritizing the deployment there for the remaining sites?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah. So the remaining sites are going to be a combination of Europe, U.S., existing OEM customers versus new OEM customers. And so we've got a site selection tool that we use to ensure that we optimize the sites that we work with the OEMs on selecting. And so we're ensuring that we're using that site selection tool for optimization to make sure we get the right sites early on. So we'll continue to use that process. But otherwise, we've got the capacity to do these other 20 sites or so for the remainder of the year.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Understood. And just one last quick one for me here on OpEx, good cost control there.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Was there anything in particular that kind of drove the performance in the third quarter, and how much is left to spend at this point of the one-time costs?

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah. This is Mike. So I'd say the largest driver of cost coming in was more of a cost avoidance of not growing in certain non-core growth areas that was planned for. So some cost cutting, but also just, I'd say, cost avoidance. And then the one-time costs, we expect to do $7 million in total for the year, and we have about $6 million of that in cash and non-cash already done. So about $1 million left.

[Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI]

Perfect. Sounds good. Looking forward to the webinar. Thanks, guys.

[Micahel Mancini, CFO at Energy Recovery]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from Jeffrey Campbell with Seaport Research Partners. Your line is open.

[Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners]

Thanks. And thank you for taking my questions. My first one is a white paper question.

[Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners]

Your recent white paper noted that the PXG 1300's transcritical system energy savings and increased cooling capacity did not require any water cooling, so I was wondering if this suggested that a system using the PXG might be able to avoid an adiabatic cooler and choose a dry cooler instead.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah, so hey, this is David. That's a good question, so there are a number of sites across Europe and even in certain parts of the U.S., especially Southern California, that require adiabatic cooling for high heat load days, and so what the PXG does is that given its increased cooling capacity, depending on the location, can either replace the adiabatic cooler as a best case or, as a worst case, can reduce the amount of adiabatic cooling that goes on during high heat load days.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

That's reducing water usage, that's reducing energy savings, and so on. And so what this means is that if you're putting in a greenfield site where you've got an adiabatic, you would have put an adiabatic cooler before. If you're going to put in a PXG, you no longer require that. You don't have to go through the expense of putting in the $20,000-$50,000 of putting in the adiabatic cooler, nor do you have to. You can forego the $5,000-$10,000 a year of operating costs as well. So we're a nice replacement for that adiabatic cooling system.

[Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners]

Yeah. That stuck out as a pretty good argument for the PXG from what I've heard.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

We hope so. We hope that's the case as others read it, especially end users. So I hope that's the case.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

And we can get rid of the expander at the same time. So that's, or the ejector, excuse me, at the same time. So it's a pretty good argument.

[Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners]

That's right. I wanted to ask you one other kind of think-around question. The recent EPA SNAP decision in June allows continued use of HFO and HFO-HFC blends in new equipment designed for these refrigerants in the U.S. Just wondered, what are your thoughts or maybe what you're hearing, or what are the animal spirits on continued competition between HFO and CO2 refrigeration, particularly with the PXG's ability to strengthen the CO2 case, as we just discussed?

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

Yeah. I think CO2 is still the outright winner. You might have some outliers that will choose the HFO blends and maybe even in standalone cases that you can move around the store freely.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

But everything that we're hearing in the U.S. from our OEMs, our OEM customers that we've been working with, is that it's full speed ahead on CO2. Full speed ahead.

[Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners]

Okay. Great. Thank you. I appreciate that.

[David Moon, President and CEO at Energy Recovery]

You're welcome.

Participants

Executives

• Micahel Mancini, CFO
• David Moon, President and CEO
• Lionel McBee, Director of Investor Relations

Analysts

• Pavel Molchanov, Analyst at Raymond James
• Ryan Pfingst, Analyst at B.Riley Securities
• Jason Bandel, Analyst at Evercore ISI
• Jeffrey Campbell, Analyst at Seaport Research Partners