Carnival Q2 2024 Earnings Results & Report

Carnival EPS Results

• Actual EPS: $0.11
• Consensus EPS: -$0.01
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$0.12
• One Year Ago EPS: -$0.31
• EPS Beat Rate: 8 of last 8 quarters

Carnival Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $5.78 billion
• Expected Revenue: $5.68 billion
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$104.62 million
• YoY Revenue Growth: +17.70%

Carnival (NYSE:CCL) & plc (NYSE: CCL) is one of the world’s largest leisure travel and cruise companies. It operates cruise lines that provide vacation travel, onboard entertainment, dining, accommodations, recreational activities and shore excursions. The company’s brands serve a broad range of travelers, from mainstream and contemporary vacationers to premium and luxury guests.

Carnival’s portfolio includes Carnival Cruise Line, Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Seabourn, Cunard, Costa Cruises, AIDA Cruises, P&O Cruises UK and P&O Cruises Australia. Its cruise operations serve destinations across the Caribbean, Alaska, Europe, the Mediterranean, Australia, New Zealand, Asia and other regions worldwide. The company also operates related port and destination experiences in selected markets.

The business traces its origins to Carnival Cruise Lines, founded by Ted Arison in 1972. Carnival Corporation & plc is a dual-listed company with corporate operations in the United States and the United Kingdom. Micky Arison serves as chairman, and Josh Weinstein serves as chief executive officer.

Carnival Q2 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Q2 results beat expectations with record revenues, operating income and adjusted EBITDA, driven by a 12% increase in yields and 6% higher per diems, resulting in $500 million more net income year-over-year and a $170 million upward surprise to guidance.
• Demand remains robust with $8 billion in customer deposits, record future bookings for 2025, and continued mid-single-digit per diem growth for an eighth straight quarter, prompting a full-year guidance lift of $275 million.
• Portfolio optimization includes sunsetting P&O Cruises Australia to redeploy vessels into Carnival Cruise Line, nine new ships added since 2019, two XL-class ships arriving in 2027-28, and the launch of the Celebration Key destination to drive incremental revenue and fuel savings.
• Guest experience and ancillary revenue are enhanced by the fleetwide rollout of Starlink high-speed connectivity and the delivery of new ships such as Queen Anne, Sun Princess and Carnival Firenze, which have driven outsized yields and media impact.
• Balance sheet actions generated $2 billion in cash from operations and $1.3 billion in free cash flow, with $1.6 billion of debt prepaid, $2.75 billion repriced, and $535 million of new notes issued, cutting interest expense and moving leverage toward investment-grade metrics.

Presentation

[Operator]

As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Beth Roberts, Senior Vice President, Investor Relations. Thank you, Beth. You may begin.

[Beth Roberts, VP of Investor Relations at Carnival Corporation]

Thank you. Good morning and welcome to our second quarter 2024 earnings conference call. I'm joined today by our CEO, Josh Weinstein, our Chief Financial Officer, David Bernstein, and our Chair, Micky Arison. Before we begin, please note that some of our remarks on this call will be forward-looking. Therefore, I will refer you to the forward-looking statement in today's press release. All references to ticket prices, net per diems, net yelds, and adjusted cruise costs without fuel will be in constant currency unless otherwise stated. References to per diems and yields will be on a net basis. Our comments may also reference cruise costs without fuel, EBITDA, net income, earnings per share, free cash flow, and ROIC, all of which will be on an adjusted basis unless otherwise stated. All these references are non-GAAP financial measures defined in our earnings press release.

[Beth Roberts, VP of Investor Relations at Carnival Corporation]

A reconciliation to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures and other associated disclosures are also contained in our earnings press release and in our investor presentation. Please visit our corporate website where our earnings press release and investor presentation can be found. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Josh.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks, Beth. Inside of two years, we've made incredible strides in improving our commercial operations, strategically reallocating our portfolio composition, formulating growth plans, and strengthening even further our global team, Ship & Shore, the best in the business. Off the back of these efforts, we've closed yet another quarter delivering records, this time across revenues, operating income, customer deposits, and booking levels, exceeding our guidance on every measure. Yields increased over 12% in Q2, over 1.5 points more than March guidance, as we continue to drive strong per diem growth up over 6%. This is on over 10% more passenger cruise days, which is a combination of capacity growth and sailing at historical occupancy levels. Our European brands experienced extraordinary yield improvement again this quarter, up over 20%, while North America continued to improve on last year's highs, up a healthy 7%.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We hit record second quarter Adjusted EBITDA, roughly $150 million more than guidance, encouragingly on a per ALBD basis to highlight operational improvement. Even with significantly higher fuel prices, Adjusted EBITDA not only surpassed the second quarter of 2019, it was also our highest second quarter mark in over 15 years. Coupled with flat cruise costs, excluding fuel on a unit basis, which David will elaborate on, we delivered $500 million more to the bottom line year-over-year and outperformed our earnings guidance by $170 million. Based on continued strong demand trends, we are also taking up our expectations for the full year by $275 million, driven by double-digit yield growth. Now, this would get us to double-digit ROIC this year. While that will be a strong outcome for 2024, it is nowhere near what our business is capable of delivering.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Our current booking trends are a testament to that. We are hitting records on top of previous records, which clearly tells us the strength and demand we have been building is continuing into next year and beyond. In the near term, pricing on bookings taken in the second quarter has continued to run considerably higher for each of the third and fourth quarters. Again, that's on top of record per diems last year. This strength has enabled us to take up yield guidance for the year by another 75 basis points. We expect to deliver consistent mid-single-digit per diem growth through the balance of the year, which would mark eight consecutive quarters that we are achieving mid-single-digit or higher per diem improvements. Our continued focus on optimizing our yield curve is not just a near-term benefit.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We entered the second quarter with much less 2024 inventory to sell and have been able to lean even more into future periods. Accordingly, in the last three months, not only did we take more bookings for post-2024 sailings than we did for in-year sailings, we set yet another record for the most future bookings ever taken during the second quarter. The unprecedented level of demand for 2025 sailings, coupled with flat capacity growth next year, translates into meaningful pricing power. While it is still early for 2025, both price and occupancy are already ahead of where we were last year, leaving us in a position of strength with less inventory remaining for 2025. It also shows in our more than $8 billion of customer deposits, which shattered last year's record by $1.1 billion. You have heard me say this before. This is not pent-up demand.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

It is the compounding effect of building increased consideration in our cruise brands over time and improvement in our yield management techniques to translate that demand into higher ticket prices. It is further evidence of the strength of our consumer. Encouragingly, we're enjoying consistent growth in both repeat guests and new guests, with each segment up 10% this quarter over last year. We also continue to actively manage our portfolio to further accelerate our underlying execution improvements. As previously announced, early next year, we will sunset the P&O Cruises Australia brand, selling the 28-year-old Pacific Explorer and transferring P&O Australia's two remaining vessels to Carnival Cruise Line. Of course, we will still retain our leading presence in the Australian market, carrying over 60% of all Aussie cruisers.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

It is a great market for us, especially since the Australian summer coincides with the Northern Hemisphere winter, enabling our seasonal ships to capitalize on two summer periods. Now we get to optimize our presence in this market by consolidating into Carnival Cruise Line. Not only will we gain operational, administrative, and back-office scale, we will ultimately have greater deployment flexibility compared to a dedicated Australian brand. At the same time, this move will further boost capacity for our highest-returning brand, bringing the total to 9 new ships joining Carnival Cruise Line's fleet since 2019, including the successful shift of three vessels from Costa Cruises. These actions, combined with the two Excel-class ships scheduled for delivery in 2027 and 2028, will grow Carnival Cruise Line's capacity by about 50% over 2019.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

By 2028, the Carnival brand will represent 37% of our portfolio, up from 29%, as we continue to reshape our portfolio to maximize ROIC. Of course, our amazing destination experience, Celebration Key, purpose-built for Carnival Cruise Line, will soon support that growth and bolster returns through incremental revenue uplift, coupled with improved fuel efficiency, given its strategic location. We're introducing voyages to Celebration Key beginning in the second half of 2025 and ramp up to 18 ships calling Celebration Key in 2026. This quarter, we also delivered Queen Anne, Cunard's fourth queen, with an amazing naming celebration in Liverpool, England, Cunard's birthplace. The streets of Liverpool were walled with tens of thousands of people joining the festivities as the City of Liverpool became the ship's official godparent. It was a historic moment and the first time an entire city ever christened a ship.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

The event generated overwhelming coverage and, as intended, broke booking records on the back of it. The new queen is a step forward in every way for Cunard, while still retaining the DNA of British elegance and refinement that the brand is known for. We enjoyed another high-profile naming event for Sun Princess in Barcelona, with Godmother Hannah Waddingham of Ted Lasso fame. Sun Princess has had great media coverage leading up to and following the naming ceremony, with particular focus on its expansive specialty dining and beverage offerings and one-of-a-kind Magic Castle experience. Sun Princess, the first of its class, has also been a big hit with guests, as evidenced by outsized yields and high guest satisfaction scores.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Last but not least, we held a naming event for Carnival Firenze in Long Beach, California, home for Carnival's second ship featuring Fun Italian Style, with Godfather Jonathan Bennett fresh off his Broadway stint starring in Spamalot. Welcoming Fun Italian Style to the West Coast generated nearly 2.5 billion media impressions to date and, of course, triggered a step up in bookings. While these amazing new ships all contributed to the strong yield improvement we generated in the second quarter, even excluding them, yields on our existing fleet were up double digits, demonstrating fundamental strength on a same-ship basis. In addition, we completed the rollout of Starlink this quarter, another revenue uplift opportunity and a real game changer for our onboard connectivity experience, enabling us to deliver the same high-speed Wi-Fi service available on land throughout our fleet.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Not only does this technology provide our guests with more flexibility to stay connected, it enables our crew to stay in touch with friends and loved ones, and it enhances our onboard operational systems. A win, win, win. All told, our consistent track record, our book position, our focus on commercial activity improvement, our portfolio management, and the yet-to-be-realized future benefits we'll receive from our Celebration Key destination development builds increased confidence in achieving the low to mid-single-digit yield growth set out in our long-term targets. In fact, based on our upwardly revised guidance, we will be on average two-thirds of the way to achieving our three 2026 sea change targets: EBITDA per ALBD of $69, 12% ROIC, and a 20% reduction in carbon intensity after just one year. With two years remaining, it gives us even greater confidence in achieving our target.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

At the same time, we continue to aggressively manage down debt and interest expense while reducing the complexity of our capital structure, which David will elaborate on. The number of actions we've taken to improve our balance sheet this quarter puts us further down the path on our return-to-investment-grade credit ratings over time. It's hard to believe in just over a month, it will have been 2 years since I had the privilege of stepping into the role of CEO. I am very proud of all we've accomplished in such a short time. Credit for our achievements go to our global team, 160,000 strong. Everyone has worked very hard to deliver yet another strong quarter, solidifying an amazing 2024 and setting us up well to top it in 2025.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Equally important, they've all had a hand in delivering amazing vacation experiences and unforgettable happiness to 3 million guests yet again this quarter. To our amazing team, thank you. Of course, we couldn't do it without the support from our amazing travel agent partners and so many other stakeholders. Thanks to all of you. With that, I'll turn the call over to David.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Thank you, Josh. I'll start today with a summary of our 2024 second quarter results. Next, I'll provide the highlight of our third quarter June guidance and some color on our improved full-year guidance. I'll finish up with an update on our refinancing and deleveraging efforts. Let's turn to the summary of our second quarter results. Our bottom line exceeded March guidance by nearly $170 million as we outperformed once again. The outperformance was essentially driven by three things.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

First, favorability in revenue worth almost $65 million as yields came in up over 12% compared to the prior year. This was more than a point and a half better than March guidance, driven by close-in strength in ticket prices as well as onboard spending. Second, cruise costs without fuel per available lower berth day or ALBD came in flat compared to the prior year and were three points better than March guidance, which was worth over $85 million. Some cost savings were identified during the quarter, which flowed through as improvements to our full-year June guidance. However, most of the favorability in cruise costs for the second quarter was due to the timing of expenses between the quarters. And third, other operational improvements slightly offset by higher fuel prices and currency were worth $20 million.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Per diems for the second quarter improved 6% versus the prior year, driven on both sides of the Atlantic by considerably higher ticket prices and improved onboard spending. At the same time, our European brands on their path back to historical occupancy saw outside growth in their occupancy of over 10 percentage points as compared to the second quarter of 2023. Our second quarter was fantastic across the board, with strong demand delivering record revenues, record yields, record per diems, and record operating income. Now, one thing to highlight about our third quarter June guidance. The positive trends we saw in the second quarter are expected to continue in the third. Yield guidance for the third quarter is set at a strong 8%.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

The difference between the yield guidance for the third quarter and the second quarter yield improvement of over 12% is simply the result of the greater occupancy opportunity we had in the second quarter 2024 as we began sailing within our historical occupancy range in the second half of 2023. It is great to see that we anticipate continued strong per diem growth in the third quarter, which we are forecasting will drive the majority of the 8% yield improvement. Turning to our improved full-year June guidance. June guidance for net income is $1.55 billion, an improvement over our March guidance of approximately $275 million. This improvement was driven by three things.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

First, 0.75-point increase in yields to approximately 10.25% based on the considerably higher prices we have been seeing in booking trends so far this year and the continued strength in demand we anticipate going forward. All of this is expected to drive an increase in net revenue of about $190 million. Second, as I previously mentioned, we identified cost savings that we flowed through to our full-year June guidance. However, they will be partially offset by higher variable compensation driven by our forecast for improved operating income. Yet, we are flowing through $25 million of cost savings for the full year. And third, an improvement in net interest expense of nearly $60 million driven by our second quarter refinancing, repricing, and debt prepayment activities.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

The strong 10.25% improvement in 2024 yields is a result of the increase in all the component parts: higher ticket prices, higher onboard spending, and higher occupancy at historical levels, with all three components improving on both sides of the Atlantic. We recognize that even within our industry-leading cost structure, there will always be cost opportunities which we can focus on and harvest over time. While we identify cost savings opportunities during the second quarter, we will not stop there. We will continue our endless quest for greater efficiency in our cost structure. I will finish up with a summary of our refinancing and deleveraging efforts. During the second quarter, we generated cash from operations of $2 billion and free cash flow of $1.3 billion.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

We took delivery of one spectacular new ship, Queen Anne, and drew on her associated export credit facility, continuing our strategy to finance our new build program at preferential interest rates. Our efforts to proactively manage our debt profile continued throughout the quarter. We prepaid $1.6 billion of secured term loan facilities. We also repriced approximately $2.75 billion of the same secured term loan facilities. We issued $535 million of unsecured notes due 2030, refinancing our unsecured notes due 2026, extending those maturities and reducing interest expense. These transactions simplified our capital structure, reduced net interest expense in the second quarter by $10 million, will reduce net interest expense for 2024 by $55 million and $85 million on an annualized basis. Our decision to prepay $1.6 billion of debt during the second quarter was based on our strong liquidity, our improved financial performance, and our optimism about the future.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

We will continue to look for more opportunistic refinancings over time. Our leverage metrics will continue to improve throughout 2024 as our EBITDA continues to grow and our debt levels improve. Using our June guidance EBITDA of $5.83 billion, we expect a two-turn improvement in net debt to EBITDA leverage compared to year-end 2023, approaching 4.5x and positioning us two-thirds of the way down the path to investment-grade metrics. Looking forward, we expect substantial free cash flow driven by our ongoing operational execution and the lowest new build order book in decades to deliver continued improvements in our leverage metrics and balance sheet, moving us further down the road to rebuilding our financial fortress while continuing the process of transferring value from debt holders back to shareholders. Now, operator, let's open the call for questions. Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session.

[Operator]

If you'd like to ask a question, please press Star 1 on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press Star 2 if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the Star keys. Our first question comes from the line of Matthew Boss with JPMorgan. Please go ahead with your question.

[Matthew Boss, Equity Research Analyst at JPMorgan]

Great. Thanks. And congrats on a really nice quarter.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks very much, Matt.

[Matthew Boss, Equity Research Analyst at JPMorgan]

So, Josh, maybe could you elaborate on the global momentum that you're seeing, notably any callouts in Europe?

[Matthew Boss, Equity Research Analyst at JPMorgan]

And then just given the booked position for 2025, which you cited as higher than 2024 a year ago, how does that translate to the forward progression of pricing power and just the promotional backdrop, maybe versus historical periods in your view?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. So global momentum, I think that's probably the key term. It is global momentum. And so we're seeing strength from our North American brands, from our European brands, as you started hearing me say probably about six quarters ago. Diversity, sometimes it helps, and sometimes you got to wait a little bit because different places come out of different situations at different times. And this is the strength that we're seeing right now in this portfolio. And we're really hitting it on all cylinders, which is really gratifying. North America, the booking curve is higher than it's ever been.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Europe, it's highest in the last 15 years. So the teams are doing a really good job of speaking to the consumer, pricing things right, and getting people on our ships and happy. As far as 2025 goes, this is the first year where we currently are where we've been able to stop firefighting in the short term while figuring out how to also extend the booking curve and trying to do both of those things at once, which is not an easy balance for revenue managers to have to do and the brands to do. So I do feel like we are firmly positioned. Although it is early days, as you heard us say on the call, being ahead in bookings and ahead in pricing is a good place to be.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Our team can really focus on optimizing that longer-term period, which is exactly what they're doing.

[Matthew Boss, Equity Research Analyst at JPMorgan]

That's great, Connor. Best of luck.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steven Wieczynski with Stifel. Please proceed with your question.

[Steven Wieczynski, Managing Director at Stifel]

Hey, guys. Good morning. So, Josh, look, I know it's still early on, but your commentary around 2025 bookings is really encouraging at this point. And to add on to the last question there, I mean, could you elaborate a little bit more about where you're seeing that strength in 2025? Is the strong demand pretty much across the board, or are there certain brands or itineraries that are showing more strength versus others?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. At this point, I'll just tell you, it's global. It's the brands, and it's the deployments.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So the brands are doing an extraordinarily good job of getting their messages out and getting people interested. And there's a lot of hard work behind that across the commercial space. So I wouldn't give any shout-outs one way or another because we're seeing it so broadly.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Okay. And then yep. Sorry, David. Go ahead.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. So Josh also talked about the portfolio modifications we made, which should help in 2025 as well as Celebration Key. And keep in mind, on top of that, we also don't have capacity increase next year. It's relatively flat. So I hope that should provide us with some pricing power in 2025 as we move through the booking cycle.

[Steven Wieczynski, Managing Director at Stifel]

Okay. Thanks for that, David. And second question, a bigger picture question around capital allocation.

[Steven Wieczynski, Managing Director at Stifel]

So based on how strong early demand is for next year bookings, it just doesn't seem like there's any slowdown at this point taking place. So I guess the question is, if we look out a year from now and bookings continue to look solid, your sea change targets are essentially in sight, and you're even closer to an investment-grade rating, I mean, is it fair to think you guys could be in a position to bring the dividend back to this story? I mean, just think it's another important milestone and something that investors are becoming more focused on. Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

I'll probably sound like a broken record here too. Right now, our priority is to generate all that free cash flow, pay down debt, and re-strengthen the balance sheet. And in that process, returning value from the debt side to the equity holders.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

I can't wait to have those conversations, but I'd say that's premature. We got a lot of work to do. And when we get there, you'll be the first to know, Steve.

[Steven Wieczynski, Managing Director at Stifel]

Okay. Thanks, guys. Appreciate it.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

All right.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Patrick Scholes with Truist Securities. Please proceed with your question.

[Patrick Scholes, Managing Director at Truist Securities]

Hi. Good morning. Good morning. I have some questions on return on invested capital. First one, and then I'll have a follow-up question. What kind of ballpark return on invested capital do you target for Celebration Key? I wonder if you'd give us some color on that. Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. What we've talked about is you could almost look at this like a new build investment.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

And so from a new build perspective, we're looking for at least mid- to high-teens, and we'd expect no less from our land-based investments as well. And obviously, the beauty of Celebration Key is it will benefit across dozens of ships over time, not one new build.

[Patrick Scholes, Managing Director at Truist Securities]

Okay. And follow-up question. Certainly, with an existing company going public in the luxury river space, they're doing 30% ROIC. Now, granted, it's a bit of a niche. Would you ever rule out you folks getting in that line of business? I certainly could envision seaborne river cruises being quite popular and a good crossover for your existing customers. Just some thoughts around that. Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We've looked at river cruising in the past, and I wouldn't say we'll never look at it again. It's a niche, and it's rather small.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

For something like us to move the needle, it'd have to be pretty grand. As you've heard me say before, Patrick, I think if we focus on our brands and we focus on doing all the things that we do in the normal course better, we'll make much more of an impact on this business.

[Patrick Scholes, Managing Director at Truist Securities]

Okay. Josh, I appreciate it. Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks, Patrick.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ben Chaikin with Mizuho. Please proceed with your question.

[Benjamin Chaiken, Senior Analyst at Mizuho]

Hey. Good morning. You're two-thirds of the way to your 2026 targets with two years remaining. As you think about the remaining bridge to your targets and the toggle between costs and yields, do you feel tied to a specific yield requirement or threshold, or is there enough opportunity on the cost side to generate the operating leverage necessary to reach your goals?

[Benjamin Chaiken, Senior Analyst at Mizuho]

And then related, costs were better in the quarter. Can you maybe provide a little more greater specifics around what you're seeing or where you're getting more operating leverage than expected? And then I have one quick follow-up. Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So on the first question, we're going to move forward as a company trying to focus on both, certainly generating outsized revenue versus our historical norms and maintaining our cost leadership position. When we set out sea change, a basic math that would tell you from a pricing perspective after we get the occupancy back, we're looking at low- to mid-single-digit price increases on the revenue side. And that's certainly what I expect, and I expect that to continue well beyond sea change. We also need to do a good job of managing the cost. So I don't think we have to tether sea change to any one particular thing.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

It's just doing our jobs well across the board. As far as yeah, David, you want to go ahead?

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. As far as cost is concerned, in the second quarter, remember, we did identify cost savings, but the majority of the favorability was timing between the quarters. But if you look broadly at the year, we are seeing a number of opportunities in the sourcing area, other efficiencies as well. So it is broad-based. There isn't any one particular item. Our teams are working hard all across the board, and there are hundreds of cost savings items that flowed into that full-year savings.

[Benjamin Chaiken, Senior Analyst at Mizuho]

Got it. And then, Josh, in the quarter, you announced the P&O Australia will sunset into Carnival. You still have a number of brands across geographies and customer preferences. Do you feel there are other areas of the portfolio you can streamline and realign? Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

P&O Cruises Australia is a bit unique. It is a dedicated brand to a tremendous market, but it's a small market. And so the ability to really grow a single-source market brand of that size is not very feasible. And so we're going to get a lot of operational synergy out of the moves that we made with P&O Cruises Australia. We've been looking at our portfolio management for the last couple of years, as you know, moving ships from one brand to another, retiring ships, formulating our growth plans. We'll continue to do that. There's nothing on the horizon, but it's something we do on a very frequent basis to try to figure out how to optimize over time.

[Benjamin Chaiken, Senior Analyst at Mizuho]

Got it. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robin Farley with UBS. Please proceed with your question.

[Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS]

Great. Thanks.

[Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS]

The commentary has been very helpful, thanks, in addressing a lot of the concerns out there, especially, I think, showing that slide you have showing the momentum in Q4 pricing in particular. So thank you for giving that additional clarity. Just one question. There have been some headlines out there about some of the Greek islands limiting the number of ships that might call next year. It's not even clear whether that's official or just something that is being considered. Can you just put some context around that, whether that would just be changing an itinerary to go somewhere on a Tuesday rather than a Wednesday, right, as opposed to not being able to go there at all?

[Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS]

In other words, is there anything when we think about there's been different itinerary changes in the last year or so that. So looking ahead to next year, is that anything that we should be thinking about? Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. So obviously, we have a great relationship with Greece and its local communities, and it's our job to make sure we're doing things sustainably. In fact, a lot of the news that's come up lately, these islands have had caps in place for many years. We work with them, and we have worked with them, and we'll continue to work with them as we can really figure out how to coincide with their needs as well. I mean, that's our job. So I don't expect anything incredibly disruptive. Unfortunately, for us, this is just par for the course, right?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We do this all the time in lots of places, and you've seen it work successfully in places like Dubrovnik. And we'll continue to partner with local communities who want our economic benefit and move on. It's a relatively—I mean, if you want context, just so you know—it's a relatively small part of our overall mix. You're talking low single-digit percentages, but it's important to us, and we want to show up, and we want to show up well.

[Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS]

Okay. Great. Thanks. And just one follow-up. I think last quarter, you might have given the different percentage growth for new-to-brand versus new-to-cruise overall. Is that something you can give a little bit more color on this quarter as well? Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. New-to-cruise was up 10%. New-to-brand was up a little bit less, about 6%. So we're pretty much moving forward with all components.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

And as you heard, brand repeaters was also up 10%.

[Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS]

Great. Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

No problem.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of James Hardiman with Citi. Please proceed with your question.

[James Hardiman, Director and Leisure Analyst at Citi]

Hey. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. So just a point of clarification, you talked about same-ship yields being up double digits. Can you help us with how much of that is pricing? Obviously, you're getting some occupancy benefit there. And then sort of, I guess, the bigger picture question there is you've had mid-single-digit per diem growth for eight quarters. You don't think it's pent-up demand. It sounds like you made that point a couple of times, Josh. When and why do you think that ultimately decelerates? Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. So on the same fleet, it's almost 50/50 between price and occupancy.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

It's a little bit more occupancy than price, but the per diems are there as well, which is really gratifying to see. As far as when our growth has to end, I wouldn't give you a timeline for that. I think all of the things that we've been talking about for the last two years are still in process, and we still have a lot of room to grow in making sure we're doing the right things as far as our creative marketing to reach the right people, the performance marketing, and making sure we're getting in front of the right people in the right ways, getting them to click through and book with us, book with our trade partners. The one great thing I'd say is whether it's a 25-year-old ship with 2,000 guests or it's one of our newest with 5,500 guests, people love what we actually do.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We actually deliver on board, and that's what gets them coming back. So I don't see a natural ending point as long as we're focused on those things.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Let me add to that because we are still in tremendous value compared to land-based alternatives. As we continue to close that value gap and raise the price, we should be able to continue the progression over time. On top of that, keep in mind that, as Josh, I think, mentioned on the last call, the service levels on land-based resorts have deteriorated. On our ships, we're doing a great job keeping our guest satisfaction levels up. It's a hassle-free vacation, and people love to cruise. We expect to keep demand generation efforts high, and hopefully, we can continue to see price improvements.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

And as Josh said, prices are up in 2025 in our book position, and we expect to see that continue.

[James Hardiman, Director and Leisure Analyst at Citi]

Got it. And then sort of as a follow-up along the same lines, right, as we think about Europe versus NA per diems, obviously, Europe had a big occupancy tailwind the last couple of quarters, and it seems like that is now dissipating. You've guided per diems to be up, I think, at that mid-single-digit range for each of the next two quarters. Any way we could sort of splice the Europe versus North America as we think about per diems, are they pretty similar as we move forward, or is one stronger than the other? Thanks. Sure.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

I wouldn't peg it in any one particular quarter given that there's always noise in the thing that you're comparing, but I'd say that we expect both North America and EU to show up on pricing over time in the normal course. I think it's particularly gratifying, frankly, that the EU brands not only were able to actually catch up on the occupancy, but to do so at significantly higher per diems means it's working. And I'd say the same thing for North America. I mean, yes, their per diems are a little bit lower, but at the end of the day, they've recovered quicker, and they're still maintaining mid-single-digit pricing. So I think that bodes very well for the future.

[James Hardiman, Director and Leisure Analyst at Citi]

Got it. Much appreciated.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks, James.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Brandt Montour with Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

[Brandt Montour, Equity Research Analyst at Barclays]

Hey. Good morning, everybody.

[Brandt Montour, Equity Research Analyst at Barclays]

Thanks for taking my question and congratulatiàons on the quarter. Josh, I was hoping maybe you could elaborate a little bit on the revenue management strategy for 2025. I know you have already. My question's more on the booking curve length, the optimal booking curve length. You're ahead, again, on next year's booking curve, but is there a certain point where you feel like you don't want to go any further than that, and it's not necessarily optimal? How do you think about that?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. Yeah. So thank you, Brant, for the congratulations. 100%, I do feel that way. But also keep in mind, we give you up a very rolled-up number when we say our occupancy is X and our booking curve is the farthest out in history.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

When we go through this with our teams and what they do on a daily basis, it is ship by ship, sailing by sailing, brand by brand to figure out what that optimal point is. It could very well be that over time, for lots of reasons, you're not going to hear me say overall that we are increasing the booking curve. That's okay. Our goal is not to get it as long as possible. It's to generate as much revenue as humanly possible by the time the ship leaves for sailing. So there's a lot that goes into that mix. It's not just base loading, but what price are you base loading it at? How are you managing your metas against each other, the balconies versus the insides?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

I mean, so many variables go into it on a detailed basis, and the output is what we talk about on this call. So the teams are very much aligned. Optimization does not mean elongation. It means optimization. T

[Brandt Montour, Equity Research Analyst at Barclays]

hat's super helpful. My follow-up is on three brands: Costa, Princess, and Holland America. Those are three that we've been watching you guys talk about and sort of improving ROICs across those three brands. I know that you've been focused on them. How would you describe the success versus your own benchmarks on those three brands' improvement, and are any three of them performing the others at this point along those guidelines?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. Well, I'll start with the fact that every single one of them is showing significant improvement year-over-year in ROIC, which I'd expect. They were all coming from a different starting point back in the pre-pause world.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So one of them is actually above where they were. One of them is at where they were, and one of them is below where they were. But I'd say it's a little bit irrelevant because the brand that's actually higher, I expect it to be even higher because 2019 wasn't very good for them. So from my perspective, the good news in this is none of them yet are at 12% ROIC. All of them have the potential to do that, and we've got plans in place for them to do that over time. So progress across the board.

[Brandt Montour, Equity Research Analyst at Barclays]

Excellent. Thanks so much.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Conor Cunningham with Melius Research. Please proceed with your question.

[Conor Cunningham, Director and Equity Research at Melius Research]

Hi, everyone. Thank you. Just on the, I think you said 10% new-to-cruise.

[Conor Cunningham, Director and Equity Research at Melius Research]

I was curious if you could talk a little bit about just the changing demographics of your customers in general. How much is the younger demographic engaging with the product? Is there anything that they're doing different than prior generations? Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. Well, that's a deep question, right? So everybody is engaging differently than they did five and 10 years ago because everybody is getting more comfortable with everything digital and everything online. So that's a shift that's not just about millennials. It's about society. And when it comes to our mix, we've got brands that might be one or two years younger at average age than they were before the pandemic. We've got some that might be a year older. In the grand scheme of things, it's not a huge swing.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

And you also got to remember with us, we've got brands that really do cater to a younger generation like a Carnival, like an AIDA. And they're going to be outsized in our portfolio mix when it comes to attracting millennials. We don't just want millennials, though. I can't say it strongly enough. A brand like Holland America, a brand like Cunard, it is playing in a place where they need and want people that have time and money, which generally leads to an older crowd, a crowd that has time on their hands because maybe they're not working anymore. And so I'm very happy that we're getting a broad church because we are across the board. But make no mistake, we're happy with our mix, and we're happy to take many folks in the boomer generation and Gen X, Gen Y, Gen Z, you name it.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So we want it all.

[Conor Cunningham, Director and Equity Research at Melius Research]

Okay. Appreciate it. And then on the P&O Australia brand being sunset, as you consolidate that into Carnival, is there any impact on the P&L or any investment needed during that transition time? Just curious, as it goes away, is there potentially cost headwind associated with it? Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. For us, we're going to do some minimal CapEx investment primarily on the ships to get the IP stacks aligned to Carnival Cruise Line. But from a guest experience standpoint, we don't have to do much with those ships, and they're great for that market. We obviously have, in this particular instance, because we're effectively sunsetting a brand, there are some one-time costs that we're absorbing, but it's really quite small. So nothing really significant to speak of.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

On the flip side, there'll be some operational efficiencies, which will also save costs from the P&L as well.

[Conor Cunningham, Director and Equity Research at Melius Research]

Yeah. Great. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Assia Georgieva with Infinity Research. Please proceed with your question.

[Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research]

Good morning. Good morning, guys. Excellent quarter. Really happy, excuse me, for what you have accomplished. I had two quick questions. The first one is more on the external or competitive environment. As David and Beth, you guys know, we do this really extensive pricing surveys, which are quantitative, and we follow about 95% of the private and public companies. So we're seeing some discounting out of one of your competitors into Q4 and possibly into Q1 2025, and also seeing sort of encroaching on your territory by another brand that may be a private one.

[Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research]

Would you, Josh, David, Beth, be willing to comment as to how these external pressures may carry a potential risk towards the winter season?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

I mean, thanks. So thanks for the kind words for us. As you heard, we gave you our forecast effectively for each of the quarters by giving you the third quarter and the full year. So you can see we're expecting continued progress, continued mid-single-digit type of price improvements over time. With respect to any one competitor in the cruise space, because you got to remember, we're not just competing with cruise companies. We're competing with vacation companies to get the traveler thinking about taking their vacation with us. None of it should be disruptive to us in the grand scheme of things.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Given our size and scope, given the strength of our brands, given the continued focus that our brands have in differentiating themselves even further and providing amazing experiences, it's really our job to perform no matter what. Some nameless brand, which I have a feeling I know which one you're talking about, how you described it, how they choose to operate. And we've seen this in markets all over the world. And yet here we are with record revenues, record per diems, and really great momentum.

[Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research]

Thank you, Josh. And a quick follow-up question. You described both ticket price and occupancy being tailwinds in Q2. And I think, again, with Europe being somewhat slower on the uptake in 2023, should we expect a continued benefit from higher occupancies, especially out of the European source passenger in Q3?

[Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research]

Or do we believe that going into Q4, Q1, and possibly next year, that benefit will start to subside a little bit just because of the catch-up that's been going on?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. If you recall last year, and actually, you heard David earlier on the call, we basically got back to historical occupancy levels in the second half of last year. So there's a little bit more opportunity on the occupancy side, certainly in Q3, where we were a little farther behind in that range than we were by the time we got to Q4. But really, as we move forward into 2025 and beyond, we got to get the demand to keep that momentum up on the mid-single-digit type of price increases that we want to push for. There'll always be opportunity at the fringes.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

But as you've heard me say before, the reason why we're not giving you guidance on occupancy with specificity is we want to make sure that our brands are doing the right thing in managing the revenue and managing the curve and not simply trying to make an occupancy target to the point or decimal point at the expense of doing something they shouldn't be doing with the pricing. So our goal is very much, how do we generate the most yield over time, which is that combination of the price and occupancy and making sure we kind of nail the dismount there.

[Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research]

And Josh, that makes total sense, especially on the occupancy guidance. I understand and appreciate it. So good luck. We're expecting great things in September.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks very much.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jamie Katz with Morningstar. Please proceed with your question.

[Jaime Katz, Senior Equity Analyst at Morningstar]

Hi, guys. Good morning. I have a quick question. Given that the environment's been so strong for you guys, what keeps you up at night? Is it regulatory risk? Is there some ESG risk? Is it nothing right now? Just curious to hear sort of the other side of the tech. Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Listen, we got through 2020, and I got three kids. So not much keeps me up at night when it comes to this. I mean, anything within our control, I feel very comfortable that the team, we can manage it all, frankly. And so I don't worry much about black swan because you really can't spend your life worried about black swan or you'll have a miserable life. So our attitude is we got to keep performing.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

We'll take what people throw at us and the world throws at us, and we'll adapt and modify what we need to do as needed and move on. And the greatest part about this business from that perspective is we're mobile. And when you have that mobility, it gives you a lot of flexibility to figure things out.

[Jaime Katz, Senior Equity Analyst at Morningstar]

That's all I got. Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Dan Politzer with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

Hey, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my question. First one on Celebration Key. Josh, you mentioned you're ramping up there, 18 ships calling on port there in 2026. Can you maybe talk about the uplift that you're expecting, whether it's in the form of ticket prices, onboard spend? I know you mentioned fuel.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

Then to what extent is this built into those sea change targets, which you're already tracking well ahead of at this point? Thanks.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. Yeah. Thanks, Dan. You nailed the three components that are going to really be the things that drive the returns on Celebration Key. It's going to be incremental price because of the demand. It's going to be incremental spending on the island, which we call onboard spending in this circumstance, and fuel savings because of its location. We're not breaking those out for people. Yes, to answer your question, that did factor into really 2026 benefit for us as we were thinking through that three-year plan. It's fairly minimal for next year when it comes to the uplift because it's a fairly insignificant amount of our overall capacity that's hitting it as we ramp in starting in the second half of next year.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

But those were the three components, yeah.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

Got it. And then just for my follow-up, in terms of costs for next year, acknowledging it's still very early, but as you think about that marketing and advertising component, on the one hand, you don't have a ton of capacity growth, but with Celebration Key starting to open in the back end of the year, how should we kind of think about that line item relative to 2024?

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

So it clearly is, from a cost perspective, Celebration Key will add costs, but hopefully, and we do anticipate that it'll be a great return and the benefits on the revenue and the onboard spend side and the fuel saving side. So it is we're not managing to any particular line item.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

We're managing to our operating income and our bottom line, and we're not afraid to invest in Celebration Key to make it a great success. While we're on the cost for 2025, I guess the only other thing I'd add on that front is we do also we announced the AIDA Evolution program, and those ships will be going into dry dock. So we'll also see an increase in dry dock days in 2025 versus 2024, which will also have a corresponding impact on cost.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

And ultimately, though, we're doing that for the right reasons as we I think I can't remember if we talked about this on the last call or not. I think we did.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

AIDA is one of our highest returning brands, and we've gushed about them for a long time, and this is going to make significant enhancements to their existing fleet, which is a great investment for us because we're going to get outsized returns on those investments. And then to your I think you were asking a question about advertising specifically as well. You're right. We might have flat capacity growth, but remember, we're selling cruises that go beyond the current year. We're thinking well into the future as our brands do try to optimize whatever that booking curve is for that particular brand. I do not have a mandate or a cap or a floor on our spending for advertising, right? The key is, what are we spending it on? How is it going to be effective?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Is it going to generate incremental and outsized revenue for whatever that initiative might be in the marketing space? We go through those plans with our brands not only every year as part of the planning process, but throughout the year. I'm talking to my president to make sure we're being thoughtful. So there truly is no predetermined outcome. I think, as you've seen, we have significantly stepped up where we were before the pandemic to where we are now. It's been working. It's been helping to support the results that we've talked about today and the momentum that we've got, and we'll continue to look at it critically.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

Got it. Then just one last very quick clarification. David, I know you mentioned returning to IG metrics.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

I just want to make sure that there's no change in your goal of getting back to IG and investment-grade credit rating.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

No change. We can control the metrics. We can control the decisions of the rating agencies.

[Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo]

Got it. Thanks so much.

[David Bernstein, CFO at Carnival Corporation]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Katz with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.

[David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies]

Morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my question. I wanted to follow on to that. Well, number one, congrats on the quarter. I wanted to just follow on on the last question with respect to the balance sheet. And look, I think we probably all progressed through a period where we're expecting maybe a rate cut. Nonetheless, you're making some very good progress with respect to that balance sheet.

[David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies]

Can you help us maybe shed a little light beyond just the obvious easy math around what a rate cut could or would do for you in progressing that balance sheet?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Well, to start with, if you look at our whole portfolio, about 15% of our debt profile is variable rate debt. So as you saw in the earnings release, I think it's at a 100 basis point reduction in interest rates. We benefit the back half of the year, I think it was $23 million. Or for the full year, it's double that. But really, from a rate cut perspective, we're in an environment where for us, we're an improving credit. And hopefully, our future interest rates will come down not just because of rate cuts, but because of the improving credit and the lower credit spreads. And on top of that, we would expect to do some refinancings.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

And those refinancings should drive our interest expense down. So we do have some very good opportunities that we're looking at in the future, which should be net present value positive. And we'll keep evaluating that, and you'll hear more about refinancing over time.

[David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies]

I appreciate that. And if I may follow up quickly, just going back, Josh, to one of the things you talked about that's a bit more specific, performance marketing, which was, I believe, a relatively new initiative. Could you give us an update on where that is, how it's done, what's next, etc., please?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Sure. So just to clarify, it wasn't a new initiative. It was just more focus and ensuring we had the right resources, the right capabilities, and the right approaches.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So I'd be shocked if we're ever at a point in time where we're not talking about performance marketing and how do we keep progressing it. I mean, the world changes around us, which is going to dictate. We've got to always be nimble in thinking about how do we adapt to that and to the consumer and how that consumer is going to see things and digest things and making sure we're actually being as forward-thinking as we can to stay ahead of that curve. So as far as how it happens, it certainly does not happen from me. It doesn't happen from a centralized corporate group in Miami because different brands are sourcing from different source markets, different segments, etc. So our six operating units really have teams that are focused on that for their brands to make sure we're doing it as optimally as we can.

[David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies]

Okay.

[David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies]

Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Thanks. I think we've got time for one more operator.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sharon Zacfia with William Blair. Please proceed with your question.

[Sharon Zackfia, Partner and Group Head of the Consumer Sector at William Blair]

Hi. Good morning. I'm convinced you go in alphabetical order on these calls. I guess I wanted to ask about kind of the tension between garnering or harvesting cost savings versus reinvesting in demand creation and how you think about that. I mean, Josh, you touched on different elements of demand creation, but I mean, historically, Carnival has been known as kind of the cost leader. Is there an opportunity, as you harvest these cost savings, to kind of zap more of that gap in the marketing spend per berth that Carnival does relative to the competition? And how far are you willing to go there?

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Yeah. Sure.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

So as you heard, so we want to continue to be the cost leader. I think they don't have to be mutually exclusive, though. And so we have been bringing more cost into reinvesting in the business. And it's not just on marketing. It has been on marketing. I think it's what, 18% per ALBD versus 17%-18% per ALBD since before the pandemic. So certainly, we see the value of that. But if you think about our onboard experience and making sure we're providing amazing food alternatives and services, we're reinvesting in bandwidth. We're spending more on bandwidth than we ever have, and it's generating outsized returns because people love the service. It's land-like, and it's something people are willing to pay for.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

There's examples up and down the P&L where we're very happy to reinvest to drive the right behaviors to get the revenue that we're looking for. I don't have a metric. I don't have a metric that says, "This is how much we're going to do in any particular quarter or any particular year." I mean, clearly, our operating margin, we still got work to do. Our EBITDA margins, if we get to June guidance, it'll be about a 5-point bump from last year, and it leaves us a few points short of where we were in 2019. We got more work to do, and so the team's very focused on it. And that'll come from both sides, though, to your point. It won't just be cutting costs. We got to make sure we're doing the right things to drive that revenue.

[Sharon Zackfia, Partner and Group Head of the Consumer Sector at William Blair]

Yes. Thank you.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Okay.

[Josh Weinstein, President and CEO at Carnival Corporation]

Well, thanks, everybody, for joining the call today, and look forward to talking to you again in September. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.

Participants

Executives

• Beth Roberts, VP of Investor Relations
• David Bernstein, CFO
• Josh Weinstein, President and CEO

Analysts

• Assia Georgieva, Research Analyst at Infinity Research
• Benjamin Chaiken, Senior Analyst at Mizuho
• Brandt Montour, Equity Research Analyst at Barclays
• Conor Cunningham, Director and Equity Research at Melius Research
• Daniel Politzer, Senior Equity Analyst at Wells Fargo
• David Katz, Managing Director at Jefferies
• Jaime Katz, Senior Equity Analyst at Morningstar
• James Hardiman, Director and Leisure Analyst at Citi
• Matthew Boss, Equity Research Analyst at JPMorgan
• Patrick Scholes, Managing Director at Truist Securities
• Robin Farley, Managing Director and Leisure Analyst at UBS
• Sharon Zackfia, Partner and Group Head of the Consumer Sector at William Blair
• Steven Wieczynski, Managing Director at Stifel