Sylvamo Q4 2024 Earnings Report

Sylvamo EPS Results

• Actual EPS: $1.94
• Consensus EPS: $1.84
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$0.10
• One Year Ago EPS: N/A

Sylvamo Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $965.00 million
• Expected Revenue: $965.41 million
• Beat/Miss: Missed by -$413.00 thousand
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Sylvamo Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q4 2024
• Date: 2/12/2025
• Time: Before Market Opens
• Conference Call Date: Wednesday, February 12, 2025
• Conference Call Time: 10:00AM ET

Sylvamo (NYSE:SLVM), trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker SLVM, is a leading global producer of uncoated freesheet paper. The company was established in October 2021 through a spin-off from International Paper, creating an independent entity focused exclusively on the development, manufacturing and marketing of high-quality uncoated paper products. Headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee, Sylvamo draws on decades of industry experience inherited from its predecessor, positioning itself to meet evolving customer needs in paper-based communications and packaging applications.

The company’s core product portfolio includes office and digital print papers, direct mail and marketing materials, catalog and commercial printing papers, and a range of specialty and value-added grades. These papers are used in everyday applications such as home and office printers, copiers and digital presses, as well as in more specialized contexts like label and packaging solutions. Sylvamo emphasizes sustainability throughout its manufacturing process, incorporating recycled fiber and responsible forestry practices to support its customers’ environmental goals.

Sylvamo operates eight manufacturing facilities across North and Latin America, with mills located in the United States, Mexico and Brazil. The company’s geographic reach extends through an integrated sales and distribution network that serves customers in over 70 countries. By maintaining a flexible supply chain and strategic partnerships with regional distributors, Sylvamo is able to deliver its paper products efficiently to commercial printers, office supply wholesalers and end-user customers on a global scale.

At the helm of Sylvamo is Chief Executive Officer Joseph D. Pyne, who brings more than 30 years of experience in the paper and packaging industry. Under his leadership, the company has focused on operational excellence, customer collaboration and product innovation. Sylvamo’s executive team combines deep familiarity with the uncoated freesheet market and a commitment to long-term sustainable growth, guiding the company as it seeks to enhance value for both customers and shareholders.

Sylvamo Q4 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Strong FY24 financials: Generated 23% return on invested capital with CHF632 million adjusted EBITDA, CHF248 million free cash flow, and reduced net debt/adjusted EBITDA to 0.9×.
• Project Horizon cost savings: Exceeded the CHF110 million run-rate goal by CHF34 million through 180+ initiatives across manufacturing and supply chain, including a 7% global headcount reduction.
• High-return capital investments: Committed €145 million to upgrade two paper machines at Eastover Mill and entered a $75 million wood-yard partnership, targeting >30% IRR and >$50 million incremental EBITDA.
• Q1 2025 outlook: Forecasting CHF85–105 million adjusted EBITDA with headwinds of CHF10–15 million in price/mix and CHF20–25 million in volume, partially offset by ongoing Project Horizon savings.
• European market challenges: Operating rates in Europe have improved to mid-80s%, but 20–25% of uncoated freesheet capacity remains unprofitable despite stabilized pulp prices.

Presentation

[Operator]

Welcome to Sylvamo's fourth quarter 2024 earnings call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, you will have an opportunity to ask questions. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press the star key followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, press star one again. As a reminder, your conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the call over to Hans Bjorkman, Vice President, Investor Relations. Sir, the floor is yours.

[Hans Bjorkman, VP of Investor Relations at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks, Audra. Good morning, and thank you for joining our fourth quarter and full year 2024 earnings call. Our speakers this morning are Jean-Michel Ribiéras, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and John Sims, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Slides two and three contain important information, including certain legal disclaimers. For example, during this call, we will make forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. We will also present certain non-U.S. GAAP financial information. Reconciliations of those figures to U.S. GAAP financial measures are available in the appendix. Our website also contains copies of the earnings release as well as today's presentation. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Jean-Michel.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks, Hans. Good morning, and thank you for joining our call. I'll start on slide four. In 2024, we generated 23% return on invested capital as we executed our strategy and strengthened our competitive advantages in our core uncoated freesheet market. We improved our financial position by repaying $144 million in debt, achieving a net debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA of 0.9 times. We earned $632 million in Adjusted EBITDA, generated $248 million in free cash flow, and returned $130 million in cash to shareholders. We reinvested $221 million across our manufacturing network and our Brazil forest land to strengthen our low-cost position. We are committed to being the investment of choice and believe we can generate significant shareholders' returns in the future by executing our strategy. Slide five highlights our 2024 full year key financial metrics. Our Adjusted EBITDA was $632 million with a 17% margin.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Our $248 million of free cash flow was more than $6 per share. Our adjusted operating earnings were $7.42 per share, which is 14% higher than 2023. We now have three full years under our belt since becoming an independent company, and our financial results have established a solid track record and are indicative of our ability to navigate tough industry conditions, challenging geopolitical events, and other uncertainties that we may face. As we enter 2025, we are confident in our ability to continue to create value for our customers and shareholders. Let's move to slide six. We had very strong cash generation to finish the year. This allowed us to pay down additional debt, reinvest in our business, and return cash to shareholders. Our teams collaborated well with customers to manage through a successful transition as a result of the Georgetown mill closure.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

I want to thank our employees for their hard work and execution as we navigated through the transition. I also want to thank our customers for the trust they place in us each and every day. We are committed to remain the supplier of choice, and we will work hard to earn and retain the business. Lastly, regarding Project Horizon, our cost reduction program to streamline manufacturing, supply chain, and overhead costs, we exceeded our $110 million year-end run rate saving goals by $34 million. John will cover this in more detail in a few slides. Let's move to the next slide. Slide seven shows our fourth quarter key financial metrics. We earned Adjusted EBITDA of $157 million with a margin of 16%. Free cash flow generation was $100 million as we generated adjusted operating earnings of $1.96 per share.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

I'm proud of how our teams delivered impressive results while taking care of our customers. More importantly, I'm proud of our team's commitment to putting people before paper to ensure everyone returns home safe at the end of each day. We are focused on building a resilient safety culture by involving every team member in our efforts to proactively eliminate risk and create a safer environment for everyone every day. Now, John will review our performance in more detail.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thank you, Jean-Michel. Good morning, everyone. Slide eight contains our fourth quarter earnings bridge versus the third quarter. The $157 million of adjusted EBITDA was in line with our outlook of $150-$165 million. Price and mix was unfavorable by $18 million. 40% of this was driven by lower pulp and paper pricing in Europe, and about 30% was due to worse mix in North America. Volume increased by $6 million, driven by the seasonality in Latin America. Operations and other costs were stable due to favorable effects and less economic downtime in North America, which more than offsets the planned 10-year turbine generator maintenance event at our Eastover mill that we highlighted on our last earnings call. We also had some one-time events, some planned, like an insurance settlement, and others like a LIFO adjustment.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Planned maintenance outage costs increased by $17 million as we executed a major planned outage at the Eastover mill in the quarter. Input and transportation costs increased by $9 million, driven by transportation and seasonally higher energy prices. Move to slide nine. A core pillar of our strategy is to be a low-cost producer. Project Horizon, our cost reduction program to streamline manufacturing, supply chain, and overhead costs, is helping us to stay low cost. As Jean-Michel mentioned earlier, before inflation, we exceeded our $110 million year-end run rate savings goal by $34 million. We beat our manufacturing savings targets by delivering results on over 180 initiatives across all three regions. These projects targeted chemical, energy, and fixed cost reductions, as well as improving fiber efficiency and productivity.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

We surpassed our supply chain savings targets by reducing approximately 20% of our distribution centers in North America, optimizing sheeting and rewinding outsourcing processes, as well as other initiatives across our network. We executed all these initiatives while maintaining our focus on the customer experience. As we mentioned several quarters ago, we eliminated about 150 salaried positions, or 7% globally. These collective efforts are making us a leaner, stronger company. Let's move to slide two. Another important part of our strategy is to invest in high-return projects to strengthen our competitive advantages and increase future earnings and cash flow. Here are two examples at one of our flagship mills in Latin America, the Luiz Antônio mill, where we are already seeing positive results. The first project increases our self-generation of power at the mill by upgrading the turbine and gearbox on one of our turbine generators.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

This was a $7 million investment that started up in the third quarter of 2024 and is showing approximately a 25% internal rate of return. The second project reduces our production waste by installing a new wheel transition system on one of our paper machines. This was a $1 million investment that also started up in the third quarter of 2024 and is yielding approximately a 40% internal rate of return. These are just a few of the many high-return projects that we are assessing and implementing to make us more competitive in the future. Let's go to slide 11 and look at our first quarter outlook. We expect to deliver first quarter adjusted EBITDA of $85-$105 million. We project price and mix to be unfavorable by $10-$15 million.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

This is due to paper price decreases in Europe and in our Brazilian export regions, plus seasonally unfavorable mix in Latin America. These decreases are projected to be partially offset by realization on paper price increases communicated to customers in North America and Brazil in the fourth quarter. We should see higher realization from these increases in the second quarter. We expect volume to be unfavorable by $20-$25 million due to seasonally weakest demand quarter in Latin America and lower North America volume from the Georgetown mill exit. Operations and other costs are projected to be stable to slightly up as our Project Horizon initiatives offset the non-repeat favorable fourth quarter events. We expect input and transportation costs to increase by $5-$10 million primarily due to seasonally higher energy prices and the longer-than-expected extreme cold weather across the United States so far this quarter.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Planned maintenance outages are projected to increase by $15 million. We expect quarterly earnings to improve throughout the year as we benefit from seasonally stronger volume, less maintenance outage expenses in the second half of the year, and realize the price increases we are currently implementing. You should note on appendix slides 44 and 45 that about 80% of our planned maintenance outages will be in the first half of this year. Let's go to slide 12. I'll shift now to talk about overall industry conditions across our region. In Europe, we're seeing improved order books, and industry supply was reduced by 7% after two uncoated freesheet machines closed last year. Pulp and uncoated freesheet prices have also stabilized as we are entering the new year.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

In Latin America, we expect seasonally weaker industry demand in the first quarter and expect demand to be sequentially stronger in each calendar quarter like every year. In Brazil, we are currently seeing strong demand for back-to-school orders and notebooks. We previously communicated uncoated freesheet price increases to our customers in Brazil effective in January. We are seeing uncoated freesheet pricing pressure for our Brazilian paper exports to other Latin America and offshore markets. In North America, we are seeing slightly lower industry demand in line with our expectations. Domestic industry supply was reduced by 10% after a few machines closed in the second half of last year. We previously communicated uncoated freesheet price increases to our North American customers effective in January. Globally, pulp industry conditions appear to be stabilizing and are anticipated to improve over the course of the year.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

I'll turn back over to Jean-Michel. I'll pick up on slide 13.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks, John. We have generated substantial cash since our inception and have allocated over $1.8 billion, as you can see on this slide. Over 70% of this cash was used to repay debt and reinvest in our business. After starting out with over $1.5 billion in gross debt, we have reduced it by almost 50% and have achieved a net debt-adjusted EBITDA ratio of 0.9 by the end of 2024. Keeping a healthy financial position is a cornerstone of our capital allocation framework. This allows us to reinvest in our business, to strengthen our competitive advantages to the cycle, and to increase future earnings and cash flow. As most of you already know, many people are investing to get out of uncoated freesheet, while we have reinvested over $600 million in our business in the last three years in order to improve our competitive position.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

One of the main advantages we have as an independent company is that it allows us to invest in our future in a way that we could not do before. Improving our financial position allowed us to return almost $350 million to share owners through dividend and share repurchases. We will continue to look for opportunities to repurchase shares at attractive prices. We have generated substantial cash over the past three years and plan to continue to do so moving forward. For 2025, we are planning $220-$240 million in capital spending. Our outlooks include approximately $125 million in maintenance and regular spending. Our Brazil forestlands are a significant competitive advantage. These eucalyptus plantations provide a material cost advantage relative to most other global competitors. We plan to invest roughly $35 million in our forestlands to increase our self-sufficiency and reduce wood costs.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Additionally, we will complete the $30 million three-year wood supply agreement to ensure adequate wood supply from 2024 to 2026. As we have been saying for several quarters, we will continue to ramp up our high-return projects to strengthen our low-cost assets to increase our earnings and cash flow. This year, we expect to invest $50-$70 million for high-return projects. Slide 15. Speaking of reinvesting in our low-cost assets, we're excited to announce that we're investing in the future of one of our flagship mills, Eastover, South Carolina. We have three high-return projects that will reduce costs while improving efficiency and mix of the most competitive uncoated freesheet mill in North America. First, we're investing to optimize one of our two paper machines. Second, we're replacing an existing cut-size sheeter with a brand new sheeter.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

These first two projects will require a total investment of approximately $145 million over the next three years. The spending will start this year, with the majority occurring in 2026. Once completed, this combined investment should have an internal rate of return of greater than 30%. It should create incremental Adjusted EBITDA of more than $50 million per year, resulting in additional cash flow as well. Third, we're partnering with an industry leader in woodyard operations to modernize our woodyard and improve our efficiency, while avoiding about $75 million in capital over the next five years. This is a very exciting moment for all of us. I'll turn it to John to discuss these higher-return projects in more detail.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah, thank you, Jean-Michel. This is exciting. I'm on slide 16. The first of these high-return projects at our flagship Eastover mill will be to optimize one of our two paper machines, modernizing it to the same world-class level as our other paper machine at Eastover. We plan to make investments starting at the head box, continuing all the way down the paper machine through the forming, press, and dryer sections, including modifications to the winder at the end of the machine. These enhancements will allow us to reduce costs while improving our product mix across both paper machines. This debottlenecking should result in up to an incremental 60,000 tons of uncoated freesheet. The project has an investment of approximately $100 million over the next three years, with an expected startup in the fourth quarter of 2026. Let's turn to slide 17.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

The second high-return project will be to replace an existing sheeter with a state-of-the-art cut-size sheeter. This new and more efficient sheeter will lower our sheeting costs up to 15%, reduce waste by maximizing paper machine trim while providing incremental cut-size volume capability. This sheeter will allow us to reduce outsource sheeting while providing better reliability and additional flexibility to better service our customers. This $45 million project is expected to start up in the fourth quarter of 2026. Let's turn to slide 18. The third high-return project at Eastover will be to improve our woodyard efficiency through innovative modernization. We are entering into a 20-year partnership with an external provider, The Price Companies, who is an industry leader in woodyard operations. They design, finance, and operate the most efficient woodyards in the world.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

They will invest the capital to upgrade our woodyard, and they will also operate and maintain the woodyard at the Eastover mill. This will result in more efficient, reliable, and cost-effective wood processing operations. This project will greatly improve the overall reliability of our operations by replacing our aging woodyard equipment. As Jean-Michel mentioned earlier, this project will enable us to avoid spending about $75 million in capital over the next five years. The anticipated startup is in the first quarter of 2026. These high-return projects reinforce our commitment to reinvest to strengthen our low-cost assets, to increase earnings and cash flow. I'll now turn it back over to Jean-Michel.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks, John. I'm on slide 19. We strive to create long-term shareholder value by executing our strategy and delivering on our investment thesis. Since becoming an independent company just over three years ago, we have achieved a total shareholders' return of almost 150% and over $2 billion in Adjusted EBITDA, generated over $900 million in free cash flow, reduced debt by almost $725 million, reinvested over $600 million to strengthen our business, and returned almost $350 million in cash to shareholders. I'll conclude my comments on slide 20. I continue to be impressed with our team as we work to take care of our customer needs and remain the supplier of choice. We are reducing our cost structure and are reinvesting in our business through a great pipeline of high-return capital projects, which will enable us to grow our earnings and cash flow in the coming years.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

It's about maximizing shareholder value through strong cash generation and disciplined capital allocation. We believe in the promise of paper for education, communication, and entertainment, and we intend to increase our competitive advantages in the regions we serve. We're confident in our future and motivated by the opportunities that lie ahead. With that, I'll turn the call back to Hans.

[Hans Bjorkman, VP of Investor Relations at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks, Jean-Michel, and thank you, John. Okay, Audra, we're ready to take questions.

[Operator]

Thank you. If you have dialed in and would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad to raise your hand and join the queue. If you would like to withdraw your question, simply press star one again. We do ask that you limit yourself to one question and one follow-up question. Thank you. And we'll take our first question from George Staphos at Bank of America.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Thanks so much, everyone. Good morning. Thanks for the details. My two questions, and congratulations on the progress over the last few years. My two questions, first of all, can you talk a little bit about what impact of pricing that might be in the process of being implemented is in your guidance for the first quarter, if anything at all, or is all of that pricing more or less locked and loaded from prior efforts? And then if I go to slide eight, I believe, and we look at volume, you touched a little bit on it, but volume was a little bit weaker than what you'd been looking for in the fourth quarter. Can you give us a bit more detail on what was going on there? Thank you, guys.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah, George, and thank you. To your first question, actually, so we have two price increases that we've announced to our customers, as we mentioned, one in Brazil. Remember, Brazil, so that's about 50% of our volume down in LatAm, and one in North America, and we're in the process of implementing that in the first quarter because we are implementing. I can't give you a lot of details, but I can say that the realization, because of the timing of those, is going to be more in the second quarter and very little in the first quarter than our outlook. The second question in terms of volume, volume was lower than what we expected, really across all the regions, mostly in North America, and so that's really the difference between our outlook and the actual results.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

I guess, John, why was it a little bit weaker in North America than the other regions? If you had a view. I'm sorry, keep going.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. Oh, I'm sorry. George, it was a little bit lower in the commercial printing and envelope market. Actually, the cut-size, the copy paper business was actually stronger than what we expected, but it was more so in the commercial printing area.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Okay, that makes sense.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Anyway, we had in North America to be high, John. Jean-Michel, thanks for joining us.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Thanks, Jean-Michel.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

In North America, we had a weak November. I think we didn't anticipate it well enough, all the holidays and the impact it had. So we had as planned the October and December months, but November was below.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Okay. Thank you. I'll go back to Q.

[Operator]

We'll take our next question from Matthew McKellar at RBC Capital Markets.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. I'd like to start by asking about tariffs. If the U.S. were to apply sustained 25% tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico, and they in turn applied retaliatory tariffs on the U.S., how do you think your business would be affected, and what would be your response in that scenario?

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Thanks for joining the call, first of all. This is still very difficult to assess, to be very honest. I think the 25% on aluminum and steel will have some impact that we've anticipated potentially on some of the equipment we buy because the steel or aluminum might get more expensive in the U.S. in general. But that's not material for us. I would not be too worried about that. The rest with Canada, Mexico, if it was to happen, it's more a question of what is the retaliation we're going to get. I don't think it's going to impact us really at all if there is no retaliation. But as of now, if those tariffs were to be in place, we don't know what Canada or Mexico will do. And that's a question mark I don't have the answer.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Okay, thanks for that color. Maybe shifting to Latin America, I think you mentioned seeing some positive trends in demand in Brazil. I'd also like to ask about your expectations for demand through the textbook order this year, and maybe putting it all together, what that implies for how your volumes and mix kind of evolve through 2025, and maybe put differently, do you expect the seasonality we typically see in LatAm to be exaggerated this year with a bigger ramp through the year than usual, driven by a more significant shift in mix? Maybe especially given the prices in Brazil are going up, but you called out prices in the export channel as being under some pressure.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah, Matthew, I think one of the questions you asked is just around the textbooks and the school business. So if I heard that correctly, yes, we're seeing improved order books, demand for that down in Brazil. You got to remember, in Brazil, last year, demand was down. And so that does impact us from a negative mix perspective as we ship less into Brazil. This year, we're seeing it up, flat to slightly up, and we expect, as we said, that Brazil and also LatAm markets will sequentially increase throughout the year. So that's going to be positive from a volume perspective, but also very positive from a mix perspective. And that'll start to really materialize itself more as the year goes on, second and third quarter.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Thanks. That's helpful. I'll turn it back.

[Operator]

And as a reminder to ask a question, please press star one. We'll go next to Daniel Harriman at Sidoti.

[Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company]

Hey, guys. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Just a quick one here today for me. Can you help us a little bit with the cadence of your capital spending in 2025 within that range of $220-$240? Should we expect more or less that CapEx to kind of follow the cadence that it did in 2024?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. Daniel, are you talking about, thanks for joining, Daniel. Are you talking about in terms of the timing of the spend? Is that what you mean by?

[Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company]

Yeah, just how should we think about it being spread out throughout the year on a quarterly basis?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. And I think the way to think about that is more heavily weighted to the first half because you can see 80% of our outages are in that. Now, with the spending that we'll do on the Eastover projects that we talked about, that'll occur throughout the year, not really tied to the outages as we prepare for that implementation in 2026.

[Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company]

Okay. All right. Thank you, John.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. The outage this year particularly is probably one of the most extreme we've had in terms of timing of outages, first half versus second half of the year, which is part of our earnings growth where we have a hockey stick. You have 80% of our outage spending in the first half of the year versus 20% only in the second half. So that's a big component to take into consideration.

[Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company]

Thanks so much, guys.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

But Daniel, when you do look at the monthly spend, the projections that we have and as we forecast, that's really not much different than what we had last year in terms of the monthly spend on capital.

[Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company]

Okay. That's helpful. Thank you.

[Operator]

We'll move next to George Staphos with Bank of America.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Hi, guys. Thanks for taking the phone on. My next two. Can you talk a little bit about how the cost curve is shifting in Europe? Certainly, pulp prices stabilize. It looks like that in a few markets, but it was a declining situation second half. What did that mean for the cost curve and ultimately pricing and your market shares in the region? The related question, what do you think the industry operating rate is in Europe right now? Thank you.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah, George, I think when we look at the cost curve, it has certainly moved up really since the Russian invasion into Ukraine. And that's really driven what that has driven is increased energy costs, gas costs, as well as wood. The wood costs we've seen go up across the region. If you look at today's pricing, that's what we looked at. Europe uncoated freesheet pricing is stabilizing because about 20 or so, maybe even more, a quarter of the cost curve is right now the pricing is below the cash cost. So right now, we got about 20%-25% of the capacity that even with the pulp prices where they are today, which is bottoming, we have costs that's above the current pricing in Europe. In terms of the operating rate, it has improved because of the outages or because of the closures that occurred. Yes.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

It's in the mid-80s right now.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Including the 10%, I think you said, reduction from closures.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

That's right. Including that.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Okay. John, just a point of clarification. I'll turn over. So your view is the cost curve actually is up over the last quarter, two quarters in Europe, or it's more or less stable and certainly up over the last several years because of Ukraine and the like?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

It's the latter. I mean, with the decreasing pulp prices, you can say that maybe sequentially quarters slightly down, but overall, the cost curve has increased, if you will, gotten higher cost because of what I've mentioned.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Thank you, John. I'll turn it over.

[Operator]

We'll take a follow-up from Matthew McKellar at RBC.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Thanks very much. Just following up on an earlier response, I think you mentioned you saw lower commercial printing and envelope volumes in North America in the quarter than maybe you were anticipating. Just wanted to, I guess, get a little bit more color on that. Have you seen any kind of rebound in volumes to maybe start Q1 or whether maybe you're expecting to see some more permanent kind of demand destruction maybe on the back of higher postal rates or any other factors?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

No, I think we don't see that as a systemic issue. We see that coming back. Our projections are for North America that demand will be down about 3%, the historical trend that we have been seeing or, well, we haven't been seeing really because of the inventory corrections and all, but that we've generally been seeing for the industry, so nothing different than normal.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Okay. Okay. Thanks for that. And if I could just sneak one more in on the Eastover woodyard operations. Of course, your partner will be laying out some capital, and you're going to be avoiding spending your own capital. You also mentioned more efficient, reliable, and cost-effective operations. I guess with this agreement, how should we think about the impact to operating costs at Eastover both in 2026 versus 2025, and then how things progress over the longer term, just specific to what you've announced with the woodyard here?

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

I think just the woodyard is not a huge impact in cost. It's avoidance of capital spending, the first thing, and then the yield and all of that. We continue to put our wood, which is very competitive, even more competitive once transformed at the mill, so it's a small impact, but we'll take every penny. It counts everything in this industry. It's a small impact in the cost side, better reliability, flexibility, and avoidance of capital. That's the way I would look at it.

[Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets]

Okay. Thanks for the help. I'll turn it back.

[Operator]

A final reminder, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one. We'll go back to George Staphos at Bank of America.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Thanks, guys. I want to piggyback off of Matt's question. So what does your partner get from you in exchange for operating the woodyard if you can talk about the terms there? Second question, penciling it out, free cash flow for the first quarter looks to be, on our math, kind of neutral to maybe up $20 million. I don't know if you called it out actually in the deck or the release, if you did. I apologize for missing it, but if you could sort of give us some thoughts there. And then I'll turn it over and come back into Q.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. I think your first question, George, we're not going to really disclose the terms of the agreement other than what we said. It's a 20-year agreement. We are paying them to service the woodyard. And the way John and Jean-Michel talked about it, we're going to get some efficiencies on yield, but that's going to pay the service fees that we're charging them. So the big benefit there is really the capital avoidance because they will be investing in installing the equipment and maintaining the equipment in the woodyard, which will significantly increase and modernize it. So that's how that's going to work.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

On free cash flow?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

All right, and I'm sorry, you're going to have to repeat your question again.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

John, I was penciling it out, and I don't know if you've actually mentioned in the deck or the release. If you did, I missed it. I'm kind of coming out with sort of flat to up $20 million on free cash flow for the first quarter. Could you give us some thoughts on that?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yes. I'm sorry. I didn't remember that question. But yeah, George, we don't give any guidance on free cash flow.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Just one thing I would say is, like, 2024, I would expect a 2025 with a seasonal stronger cash flow in the second half than first half. And remember, in the first half, especially first quarter, we've got these outages in Europe, which impact the cash. We've got the annual incentive compensation and customer rebates. So we've got quite a one-time seasonal cost in Q1 versus the rest of the quarters. So I won't get the exact number, but it might be more pressure than you have in your numbers.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. The first quarters always are more challenging in terms of cash flow.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

They're worried for the year. It's just this timing.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Understood. Hey, guys, maybe I'll throw my last two in here if it's okay. Tax rate ticks up a little bit, 28%-29%. What's in that? And could you give us my last question? What was the effect of the one-timers in the quarter that I know you'll be offsetting with Horizon in the first quarter? But what was kind of that benefit that you got in the fourth quarter? Thanks and good luck in the first quarter.

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yeah. And thanks, George. And the question on the taxes, we had a benefit last year. We bought some credits that we were able to use, and so that lowered our tax. So we're not going to have that repeat right now. We're going to be continuing to look at that, but that's not in our outlook. And the other thing is lower earnings in Europe, and so that increases the overall tax rate because we have less earnings in Europe.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Okay, and one-timers from four Q?

[John Sims, CFO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Oh, one-timers. Yeah. So specifically, we had a $5 million insurance payment that we got in the fourth quarter. LIFO was about $7 million.

[George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America]

Okay. Thanks very much.

[Operator]

I'll now turn the call back over to Hans Bjorkman for closing comments.

[Hans Bjorkman, VP of Investor Relations at Sylvamo Corporation]

All right. Thank you. Before we close up, I'm going to let Jean-Michel kind of wrap up the call today.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

Yes. So thank you, everybody, for joining. Exciting times, and we're writing our strategy about investing in our high-return projects. One thing for 2025 is I don't intend to give you numbers on the annual earnings guidance, but with all the uncertainty of the macro and the geopolitical, I'll be prudent. But on a high-level color, if you look at 2025 versus 2024, both in North America and Latin America, we plan a slightly better 2025 than 2024. I'll adjust it a bit down. For Europe, with the $35 million incremental maintenance outage, we plan to be worse than 2024. So I'm putting that with some salt, of course, because, as you mentioned, all tariff and macro is very difficult to forecast. And it's not an exact number, but it gives you a trend, which I hope helps you.

[Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO at Sylvamo Corporation]

As we mentioned, we expect our quarterly earnings to improve through the year due to three main factors: seasonality strong volume, realization of the price increase in North America and Brazil, and less maintenance outages in the second half of this year. So with that, I thank you for joining the call, and have a good day.

[Operator]

Once again, we would like to thank you for participating in Sylvamo's fourth quarter 2024 earnings call. Thank you. You may now disconnect.

Participants

Executives

• John Sims, CFO
• Jean-Michel Ribiéras, CEO
• Hans Bjorkman, VP of Investor Relations

Analysts

• Matthew McKellar, Analyst at RBC Capital Markets
• Daniel Harriman, Analyst at Sidoti & Company
• George Staphos, Analyst at Bank of America