Emeren Group Q4 2024 Earnings Report

Emeren Group EPS Results

• Actual EPS: -$0.23
• Consensus EPS: $0.08
• Beat/Miss: Missed by -$0.31
• One Year Ago EPS: -$0.15

Emeren Group Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $34.60 million
• Expected Revenue: $40.13 million
• Beat/Miss: Missed by -$5.53 million
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Emeren Group Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q4 2024
• Date: 3/13/2025
• Time: After Market Closes
• Conference Call Date: Thursday, March 13, 2025
• Conference Call Time: 5:00PM ET

Emeren Group (NYSE:SOL) Ltd, together with its subsidiaries, develops, builds, and sells solar power projects. It owns and operates 3-gigawatt pipeline of projects and independent power producer assets, as well as a 10-gigawatt pipeline of storage pipeline. The company develops community solar gardens; and sells project rights. In addition, it engages in engineering design; procurement of solar modules; balance-of-system components and other components; and construction contracting and management services. Further, the company generates and sells electricity. It operates in China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Poland, Italy, and Hungary. The company was formerly known as ReneSola Ltd and changed its name to Emeren Group Ltd in January 2023. Emeren Group Ltd was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut.

Emeren Group Q4 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• In 2024, Emoryn Group generated $92.1 million in revenue and $24.1 million in gross profit but recorded a $12.5 million net loss due to non-cash and foreign exchange charges.
• Q4 revenue fell 23% year-over-year to $34.6 million with a 14% gross margin, though operating losses narrowed by 35% and free cash flow exceeded $5 million.
• The company strengthened its liquidity, ending 2024 with $50 million in cash (up 40% sequentially) and boosting adjusted EBITDA to $6.9 million.
• During Q4, Emoryn closed strategic transactions including a 17 MW solar sale in Poland, a 462 MW battery storage deal in Italy, and US community solar and China storage integrations, expanding its contracted cash flows.
• For 2025, management forecasts $80–100 million in revenue at 30–33% gross margin, with IPP and DSA segments contributing over 70% of sales and positive operating cash flow expected.

Presentation

[Operator]

I will turn the call over to Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director of the Blueshirt Group. Please go ahead, Mr. Dvorchak.

[Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director at The Blueshirt Group]

Thank you, Operator, and hello, everyone. Thank you for joining us today to discuss the Fourth Quarter And Full Year 2024 results. We released our shareholder letter after the market closed today, and it's available on our website at ir.emeren.com. We also provided a supplemental presentation that's posted on our IR website that we will reference during our prepared remarks.

[Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director at The Blueshirt Group]

On the call with me today are Mr. Yumin Liu, Chief Executive Officer; Mr. Ke Chen, Chief Financial Officer; and Mr. Enrico Bocchi, Executive Vice President of Europe. Yumin and Ke will provide an overview of our business performance and financial results, followed by a Q&A session, during which Enrico will also be available to answer questions. Before we continue, please turn to slide two. Let me remind you that remarks made during this call may include predictions, estimates, or other information that might be considered forward-looking.

[Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director at The Blueshirt Group]

These forward-looking statements represent Emeren Group's current judgment for the future. However, they are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Those risks are described under risk factors and elsewhere in Emeren Group's filings with the SEC. Please do not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect Emeren Group's opinions only as of the date of this call.

[Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director at The Blueshirt Group]

Emeren Group is not obliged to update you on any revisions to these forward-looking statements. In addition, please note that all financial numbers discussed on this call are unaudited. Also, please note that, unless otherwise stated, all figures mentioned during the conference call are in US dollars. With that, let me now turn the call over to Mr. Yumin Liu. Yumin, go ahead.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Thank you, Gary, and thank you, everyone, for joining today. Let me start with a brief overview of our Q4 and full year results before discussing our business outlook and key financial catalysts. After that, Ke will take you through a detailed breakdown of our financial performance and 2025 guidance. 2024 was a year of resilience and disciplined execution and strategic growth for Emeren.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Despite currency headwinds and project sale delays, we successfully monetized renewable energy assets, expanded our energy storage footprint, and generated positive free cash flow in Q4. Our IPP and DSA segments provided high margins and stable cash flows, while strategic project monetization strengthened our financial position. For the full year, we generated $92.1 million in revenue and $24.1 million in gross profit, with a 26% gross margin.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We reported an operating loss of $500,000, while non-cash and unrealized foreign exchange loss resulted in a $12.5 million net loss attributed to Emeren Group. However, operating cash flow improved significantly towards break-even, reaching negative $4.2 million compared to negative $23.4 million a year ago. An adjusted EBITDA rose to $6.9 million, demonstrating disciplined financial execution.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Turning to Q4 specifically, we maintained strong financial discipline and cash flow generation, delivering $34.6 million in revenue and $4.8 million in gross profit, with a solid 14% gross margin. While foreign exchange losses due to US dollar strength impacted net income, our operating loss improved by 35% year-over-year in Q4, reflecting strong cost control. We also generated over $5 million in free cash flow in Q4, reinforcing our strong liquidity position.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Our capital-light model and early-stage monetization strategy continue to support financial strength.We ended the year with $15 million in cash, up 40% sequentially, positioning us well for growth in 2025. With a strong pipeline, expanding energy storage initiatives, and disciplined execution, we are positioned to scale profitably and drive long-term shareholder value.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Turning to our key milestones in Q4, we successfully closed several strategic transactions, further solidifying our leadership in renewable energy monetization and energy storage across Europe, the U.S., and China. In Europe, we successfully completed the COD sale of our 17 MW solar project portfolio in Poland, with 15 MW under our PPA, reinforcing our strong foothold in the region.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We also expanded our energy storage footprint in Italy, executing a 462 MW DSA for battery energy storage system with Arpinge, further strengthening our leadership in the growing energy storage market.Additionally, we finalized the sale of 65 MW of solar projects in Germany to China through a mixed DSA/SPA structure, underscoring the strength of our development partnerships.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In the U.S., we made further progress in distributed generation by closing the COD sale of our 2.8 MW community solar project to Altus Power, demonstrating our ability to capture opportunities in the US community solar market. Meanwhile, in China, we advanced our energy storage strategy with the successful commissioning of 18 MWh of BESS projects, which are now fully integrated into Huadian Power International's virtual power plant platform.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

This integration enhances grid stability and further strengthens our presence in China's evolving energy storage sector. These achievements highlight our ability to execute across multiple regions, efficiently monetize projects, and expand our renewable energy portfolio while reinforcing contracted cash flow generation.Now turning to our core business segments, our high-margin DSA model remains a key driver of stable revenue and early-stage project monetization.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In 2024, we recognized $19 million in DSA revenue, primarily from Italy and Germany. As of year-end, we had DSA contracts with nine partners covering 40 projects totaling over 2.8 GW, with approximately $84 million in contracted revenue expected to be realized over the next two to three years, as well as more than $100 million in uncontracted revenue currently under negotiation.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Meanwhile, our IPP segment played a crucial role in supporting stable cash flow, contributing 31% of the total revenue and 64% of the total gross profit. In Q4, we optimized our portfolio across Europe and China while further advancing energy storage integration to enhance long-term profitability. Complementing these efforts, our solar development business continued to generate strong monetization opportunities.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In 2024, we successfully monetized about 200 MW of solar PV projects across Germany, France, Spain, Poland, China, and the U.S., alongside 1.3 GW of BESS projects. These achievements reinforce the strength of our capital-light development model and our ability to efficiently recycle capital for future growth. Looking ahead, we remain very confident in our ability to execute our growth strategy and drive profitability in 2025.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

While project sales timing delays impacted Q4 revenue recognition, these projects remain on track to close in the first half of 2025, reinforcing near-term revenue visibility. Key drivers for our 2025 financial outlook include our strong contracted revenue base providing a solid foundation for future growth. We have $84 million in contracted DSA revenue, with an additional $100 million under negotiation, strengthening long-term cash flow visibility and revenue stability.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Overall, with 75% of our DSA pipeline concentrated in Europe, we are positioned to capitalize on demand growth across key markets. Building on this momentum, our high-margin DSA and IPP businesses continue to generate strong gross margin and predictable cash flows, supporting sustainable and profitable expansions. Additionally, our robust monetization pipeline positions us well to capitalize on growing market demand, with approximately 4.3 gigawatts advanced-stage storage pipeline and 2.4 GW of solar PV projects.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We have a clear path for long-term growth in key regions. Further strengthening our outlook, the opening of China's merchant power market in 2025 presents a significant opportunity. Our BESS assets are strategically positioned to capture new revenue streams through energy arbitrage, reinforcing our leadership in energy storage and grid services.With that, let me turn the call over to our CFO, Ke Chen, to provide a more detailed breakdown of our financial performance and 2025 guidance. Ke.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Thank you, Yumin. Thank you, everyone, again for joining us on the call today. In Q4, we delivered $34.6 million in revenue, down 23% year-over-year, primarily due to project delays pending government approvals. However, it surged 169% quarter by quarter driven by successful project monetization, while timing delays in the U.S. and Europe impacted Q4 revenue recognition. This project remained on track to close in the first half of 2025, providing strong near-term visibility.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Gross profit was $4.8 million, compared to $5.6 million in Q3 2024 and $5.1 million in Q4 2023. Gross margin was 13.9%, down from 43.8% in Q3 2024, but up from 11.3% in Q4 2023. The year-over-year improvement reflects the continued strength of our high-margin IPP and DSA business. Operating expenses were $9.2 million, up from $3.5 million in Q3 2024, but down from $11.8 million in Q4 2023.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

The annual decline was primarily due to reduced write-offs and the absence of asset impairment losses. Net loss attributed to Emeren Group Ltd common shareholder was $11.8 million, compared to net income of $4.8 million in Q3 2024 and a net loss of $2 million in Q4 2023. The increase in net loss was primarily due to non-operational foreign exchange losses.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Diluted net loss attributed to Emeren Group Ltd common shareholder per ADS was $0.23, compared to diluted net income of $0.09 in Q3 2024 and diluted net loss of $0.04 in Q4 2023. From a cash flow perspective, we generated $10.4 million in operating cash flow and over $5 million in free cash flow, further enhancing our financial flexibility. Cash-using investing activity was $5 million, and the cash provided by financing activity was $2.8 million.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We ended Q4 2024 with $15 million in cash and cash equivalents, up 40% sequentially from $35.8 million in Q3 2024, reinforcing our strong liquidity position. Our debt-to-asset ratio at the end of Q4 2024 was around 11.2%, compared to 10.2% at the end of Q3 2024. The majority of our debt was non-recourse project financing. In 2024, Europe contributed over 70% of our total revenue, and China contributed 19%. Both generated positive operating cash flow. We are seeing strong execution and steady growth in both regions.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Turning to our 2025 outlook, we expect full-year revenue to be in the range of $80-$100 million, with a gross margin of 30%-33%. IPP revenue is anticipated to be between $28-$30 million, with around 50% gross margin. DSA is expected to contribute $35-$45 million in revenue.IPP and DSA contribute will be expected to contribute over 70% of total revenue in 2025.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Additionally, we anticipate achieving positive operating cash flow in 2025. For the first half of 2025, we anticipate revenue in the range of $30 million-$35 million, with a gross margin of approximately 30%-33%. With that, let's open up the call for any questions. Operator, please go ahead.

[Operator]

Thank you. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 1 1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1 1 again. Please stand by as we compile the Q&A roster. First question comes from Philip Shen of Roth Capital Partners. Your line is now open.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Hey, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions. I wanted to talk about the 2025 guide. Specifically, can you share what the mix is between DSA revenue and IPP revenue, and if there's any other revenue in a third bucket? Thanks.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We just talked about this. IPP revenue will be between $28 million and $30 million in 2025, and we did mention gross margin will be around 50%. DSA revenue will be roughly between $35 million and $45 million. Added up, IPP and DSA will contribute almost 70% of our revenue.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Great. Sorry, I missed that. You talked about how there's another incremental $100 million of DSA revenue that you're negotiating now. Do you have a sense for what the geographic mix of that DSA revenue is? Is it also European concentrated? Do you expect high margins for that incremental $100 million? When do you think you could start to close the bulk or majority of that $100 million? Is that in the coming months, or do you think it might take most of 2025 to secure the $100 million? Thanks.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We target to close all of them within this year. A couple of them, several of them, are in the final stage to be closed within the next 2-3 months, and more is coming. As you see, we do have a very well-combed product pipeline on both solar and storage. We have built up the strong track record on the DSA position. That is why we are super confident on our 2025 guidance.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Two reasons. One is, as Ke just mentioned, that 70% of the revenue and margin will be coming from the contracted IPP and DSAs.Another confidence is coming from the to-be-built DSA positions. At least 5-6 contracts are being finalized and to be inked in the next 2-3 months, and more are coming.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Yeah, Phil, in terms of breakdown, I think Europe will be around 70%, and the U.S. will be 30%.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Great. Okay. Can you talk about the types of counterparties for the $100 million that you're negotiating? Are there any repeat customers or partners? Are they mostly new customers and counterparties? Thank you.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

I think it's about half are existing customers, repeated, and another half are the new customers.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. That's good. For 2025—sorry if I missed this—but did you guys share what your cash generation or free cash flow outlook might be? If you haven't, perhaps you can give us some comments.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Yeah. We are certainly talking about—we expect positive operating cash flow in 2025. We ended in 2024, $50 million. We truly believe we should have higher cash at the end of 2025.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. Great. Thanks for taking all my questions. I'll pass it on.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Thank you, Phil.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Thanks.

[Operator]

Thank you. As a reminder, please press star 11 on your telephone keypad and wait for your name to be announced. This is the last call for questions. To press star 11 on your telephone keypad, just one moment, please. We have a follow-up question from Philip Shen. Your line is now open. Philip, did you have a follow-up question?

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Yes. Can you guys hear me?

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Yes.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Great. Okay. Let's talk about the delays. You've consistently had a number of delays that, unfortunately, result in expectations or results that are weaker than expectations. Do you think the delays in Europe and the U.S. for government approvals and so forth, do you think we've seen the worst of it, or do you think it could get worse from here? If we've seen the worst of it, how much could it improve? Do you expect to see improvements in 2025, or do we have to wait for 2026? Thanks.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

This is a very good and interesting question. What we see here is that, for example, in Spain, we could not close the deals as of the government approval. Those two major transactions, we could not close, none of them. One of them, we already waited for 18 months, and we still have not got it. There is a deadline. The government published deadlines for 12 months, and additional three months, additional three months, and deadline is coming. We see that it is ending in less than three months.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

That is one thing. I see that the European governments are moving faster. For example, Spain, they have to have the strong supporting policies to support renewable energy, including storage. That is one example. The only uncertainty we could not foresee is in the U.S. The good part is our DSA structure.Also, let me comment on another one on European DSA structure. We normally split the DSA payments into three to four milestones, or sometimes even five milestones.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

As we go through all the milestones in 2025, I mean, this year, we do see the impact from the government approvals on the DSA milestones is very minimal. That's why we have the certainty or high confidence we will deliver in 2025. Interconnection approval delays in the U.S. is expected. The most DSAs we are signing in the U.S., we are expecting only milestone one payments in 2025.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Some expect milestone two, which is related to interconnection approval, and we are getting them and actually want to be signed within this month, next two weeks. We see in the future, maybe if the government in the U.S.slows down the process of approvals, that may impact our 2027, 2028 DSA milestone payments, but we don't see near-term impacts, even in the U.S.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. Thanks.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

I just want to add, in the U.S., we also have this community solar segment, which we believe we are moving along despite the federal uncertainty. Community solar still gets approved as normal. We think those projects are on our pipeline. We will see that execution in 2025.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. Remind us, for your U.S. projects, what percentage is community solar, and then what percentage might be larger scale in the 100 MW-200 MW-plus level?

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

From megawatt size, as utility scale size is a lot bigger, and the community solar size is a lot smaller. It is hard to really make the monetary adjustment or predict the financial results from the megawatt numbers, especially the margin on development fee for big deals will be normally in single digits. Community solar is several times or many times of that margin. On the megawatt side, I would say the total utility scale compared to community solar, I would say 80%/20%.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

80% community solar.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

80% utility and 20% community solar.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Sorry. Okay. Got it. The inverse, 20% community solar.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Yeah.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

What about for the utility-scale solar that's not community solar? Do you have any AI or data center-type customers, hyperscaler-type customers that you are currently working with or that you plan to work with in future DSAs, for example?

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We do have some assets in those hot data center spots, and we are building our internal expertise on data center power supplies/data center power management. On that part, we try to combine where our developer hat, which is we talk about we are literally a developer and start from a land developer.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We are also a developer supplying power to our customers. These two together, literally, we are a natural fit to support the data center demand. In the house, we are building that expertise. Especially, we are doing the analysis in detail to understand the data center demand and AI demand from the power supply point of view.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Great. Thank you.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

That is also another point. We have several projects in those hotspots. That is also why some customers, they are looking at them and try to sign the DSA with us.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

What percentage of the U.S. market is working with DSA frameworks? Do you think it's still very small?

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

It will not be small anymore. I will say that it quickly can go as big as one-third to 50% of our entire portfolio.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

I mean, it's big for you, but I mean for the overall market.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Oh.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Is it becoming more common for the rest of the market, or is it more?

[Operator]

I think.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Yeah. Go ahead.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

I personally don't think so. The reason is, as a listing company, we have to provide numbers to the investors on a quarterly basis. Naturally, it's not really advantageous for us to wait for several years to really finally monetize. That is why, in the last 18 months, we strategized the whole operation of the company and put up the DSA strategy across the board.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We are signing many DSAs, as we mentioned in this script, in Europe, and we will be signing more. As now, we see that the people are actively signing. When the new market is coming, we see within the next 12 months, the market will be in favor of the renewable energy and battery storage. I think we don't need to sign DSAs anymore.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. Got it.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

That applies to many other developers too.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Interesting. Thank you. Maybe one more, and I'll pass it on. As it relates to power prices, what is the base case? Maybe talk about the top three countries in Europe. What's the base case you have for those end markets?

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

We hosted a webinar with Wood Mackenzie recently, and the outlook for retail power prices in Europe in general was maybe a little bit of an increase in 2025, but then maybe it's flat or down even for 2026 and 2027. Do you expect power prices to remain kind of at current levels, or do you see upside? What's your base case as you develop these projects and sell against them? Thanks.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We have IPP operation or the COD solar assets in two countries now, in Hungary and Poland. We also definitely have in China. China is stable. The power price is stable. In Europe, we see the price remains to be very nice compared to before COVID or before the war. Okay? We do have noticed that in some countries like Spain, the price is going down in the last 12 to 18 months and goes down from as high as $0.08-$0.09 KWh to all the way to below $0.03.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Even corporate PPAs only give you about $0.035-$0.04. In general, the European market is a lot nicer than the U.S. market. The beauty of the U.S. is we still enjoy the tax equity of the 30% or 40%. That helps. While U.S.Tariff, as you know, you know better maybe than I do, that we are looking at the 4-5, even higher, 4 or 5 cents or even higher.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Phil, I just want to add our Branston project in the U.K. is under strong PPA still. It's much higher than the current merchant price in the U.K. That's an advantage we have with this strong PPA with our Branston project.

[Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Okay. Thank you for taking all my questions.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Thank you, Phil.

[Operator]

Thank you. Just one moment for our next question, please. Our next question comes from Sameer Joshi from H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now open.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Agreed. Thanks. Hey, Yumin. Thanks for taking my questions. The range of top-line expectation for this year, the DSA seems to be a wide range of $10 million from $35 million-$45 million. What will it make? How will it be at the lower end versus the higher end? Are there big projects that you expect to materialize? Timing is an issue, or are there some other things at play?

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

I think the range is because accounting will have to really some of the projects, like we said, is DSA/SPA. We have to trade this differently. It's SPA and DSA. That is why there's big range. I believe that's the major reason. It is mainly accounting category.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Okay. Understood. The push-out of the projects from this year into fourth quarter into next year or rather fourth quarter into the first half, do we know what the size of those projects was? If those had materialized, what would the revenue have been for the fourth quarter?

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

I think it's around $10 million. Yeah.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Oh, okay.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In terms of revenue.That's a pretty big chunk.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Okay. Also, the outlook for gross margins. I think you mentioned the overall gross margins, the IPP gross margins, but I don't think guidance for DSA gross margins was provided. Is there a reason for that? Does it depend on project to project? How should we look at that DSA segment gross margin?

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In general, as I also mentioned, you may understand our DSA milestone payment structure. In normal case, the early milestone have lower margin, and later milestone will be having a higher margin. For example, we normally try to book all our costs in the first two milestones. So the margin in the earlier payment or early years of the DSA will be lower. That put our 2025 margin for the DSA for the new ones, newer ones, lower.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Got it.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

You see my point?

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Yes. I understand.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We mentioned we have $84 million remaining DSA contracted revenue. We already recognized $19 million. And that $19 million we recognized in 2024 has a lot lower margin compared to the $35 million-$45 million we are building in 2025. I would say that at least half of the $35 million-$45 million margin expected in 2025 will generate higher margin. And other half, as they are newer or they are milestone one payment, that will be a lower margin.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Yeah. Yeah. No, that was a good explanation. Thanks for that. One last one. I know Phil also asked about this, the $100 million that you are additionally negotiating. Is there possibility of upside from those projects? If you sign those in the next few months, is there any possibility that your revenues for 2025 will be able to recognize some of those revenues, or is it too early?

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

We learned the lessons in the last couple of years. We try to understand the market and also precisely make the predictions or guidance for numbers. The DSA on the revenue and the pricing of the DSA, we are going to close, let's say, within Q2 this year, next three months, the price there, the revenue expectation is there for the milestone one payment. Those are covers about five to six DSAs to be signed.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

The potential upside may come in the DSAs we are negotiating to be closed in Q3 or late Q2 or June, July, August timeframe. Okay? We do see possibility that that provides us upside as more DSAs will be coming as the $100 million expectation. If we successfully sign all $100 million, the milestone one payment will absolutely help the 2025 revenue.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Understood. That's good. That's good.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

In the guidance, we only consider part of it, which, literally speaking, the ones to be closed within the next two months.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Got it. Understood. Actually, this probably will be the last one. Is there a mix of BESS versus only PV that you are looking at maybe different in different geographies? Or how do you see the project mix in your pipeline?

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

It's a whole mixture. As you see that, we presented early that we started our storage business, our initiative over two and a half years ago. The point is, almost every single country, we have storage assets. And PV, either big or small, normally big ones in the U.S. and in Europe, we try to sign DSAs. Smaller ones, we try to do it all the way to NTP and sell that with totally risk-free format and make higher margin.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Got it.

[Ke Chen, CFO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Sameer, I think you will definitely see more storage from the U.S. because we launched the first storage last year, and you will see more in the U.S. Definitely. Again, we have a strong pipeline both from solar and storage. You will see more from different countries from Europe. We talk about Italy a lot, but you see we launched Germany, France. You will definitely see more from different countries. Also, again, it's a good mix of solar and storage.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Got it. Thanks a lot for taking my questions.

[Yumin Liu, CEO at Emeren Group Ltd]

Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you for all the questions. This concludes the Q&A session. I will now hand back to our CEO, Yumin.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

Thank you, Operator. The global transition to renewable energy continues to accelerate, creating strong tailwinds for solar and energy storage. With disciplined execution, a solid contracted revenue base, and a growing presence in high-margin segments, we are well-positioned for sustained growth.

[Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright]

As we enter 2025, we remain focused on executing our strategy across DSA, IPP, and energy storage, reinforcing our leadership in the sector. Backed by a strong financial foundation and a commitment to innovation, we are confident in our ability to seize new opportunities, drive long-term value creation, and deliver meaningful returns for our shareholders. Thank you, Operator.

[Operator]

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you.

Participants

Executives

• Ke Chen, CFO
• Yumin Liu, CEO

Analysts

• Sameer Joshi, Senior Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright
• Philip Shen, Senior Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners
• Gary Dvorchak, Managing Director at The Blueshirt Group