argenex Q2 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
July 31, 2025

Key Takeaways

  • Positive Sentiment: Company delivered 97% year-over-year revenue growth with Q2 product sales of $949 million, reflecting strong uptake in MG and CIDP.
  • Positive Sentiment: Treatment base expanded to 15,000 global patients on VYVGART, including 2,500 CIDP patients one year post-launch, supporting long-term growth targets.
  • Positive Sentiment: Pipeline advancement includes three Phase III assets (efgartigimod in rheumatology, empasipravarte head-to-head vs IVIg, ARGX-119 in CMS), with six Phase III readouts expected in the next 18 months.
  • Neutral Sentiment: Gross-to-net adjustments rose to ~20% driven by product mix and Medicare dynamics, while net revenue per patient remains stable and guidance unchanged.
  • Neutral Sentiment: Total operating expenses increased $98 million QoQ due to higher R&D and SG&A investments, with gross margin steady at 11% and cash of $3.9 billion supporting future growth.
AI Generated. May Contain Errors.
Earnings Conference Call
argenex Q2 2025
00:00 / 00:00

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Operator

Good morning. My name is Rob and I will be your conference operator today. I would like to welcome everyone to the call. At this time, all lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session.

Operator

Thank you.

Operator

I'd now like to introduce Beth DelGiacco, Vice President, Corporate Communications and Investor Relations. You may begin your call.

Beth DelGiacco
VP of Corporate Communications and Investor Relations at argenx

Thank you. A press release was issued earlier today with our Half Year 2025 Financial Results and Second Quarter Business Update. This can be found on our website along with the presentation for today's webcast. Before we begin on slide two, I'd like to remind you that forward-looking statements may be presented during this call. These may include statements about our future expectations, clinical developments, regulatory timelines, the potential success of our product candidates, financial projections, and upcoming milestones. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these statements. argenx is not under any obligation to update statements regarding the future or to conform those statements in relation to actual results unless required by law. I'm joined on the call today by Tim Van Hauwermeiren, Chief Executive Officer, Karl Gubitz, Chief Financial Officer, and Karen Massey, Chief Operating Officer.

Beth DelGiacco
VP of Corporate Communications and Investor Relations at argenx

Luc Truyen, Chief Medical Officer, will be available during the Q and A. I'll now turn the call over to Tim.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Beth, and welcome everyone. I'll begin on slide number three. Vision 2030 is our roadmap for long-term value creation, and I'm proud to say that we are exactly where we set out to be. Over the past 12 months, VYVGART has achieved exceptional year-over-year growth of 97% across all of its approved indications. We've also initiated multiple registration trials in large market opportunities like Sjögren's, Myositis, and TED, and advanced four new molecules into our pipeline. This sets us up to create significant growth with 10 labeled indications and a robust late-stage pipeline by 2030. While we are building for the long term, we're also delivering today. 15,000 patients globally are now being treated with VYVGART, including 2,500 CIDP patients. Just one year into the launch, we are seeing growth across all indications, formulations, and regions.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

As expected, our prefilled syringe is already driving new patient starts and new prescriber demand. This momentum is a direct result of our team's extraordinary execution, and I want to thank them for advancing innovation that truly matters to patients. Karen will share more later in the call on our commercial performance and the path to reach 50,000 patients by 2030. What I want to focus on today is the opportunity we have to expand VYVGART's broad potential and advance our pipeline of first-in-class assets. Slide four. We have the opportunity to create significant value in the near term with our three phase III pipeline assets. We're building momentum with Efgartigimod in therapeutic areas beyond neurology.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

We presented our phase II proof-of-concept results in Myositis and Sjögren's for the 1st time at July, and the reception from the rheumatology community reminds me of the early enthusiasm we saw from neurologists when we 1st unveiled our MG data. Rheumatologists are beginning to see what a targeted approach like Efgartigimod could mean for their patients, raising the treatment bar beyond symptom management towards sustained functional improvement. In the Myositis study, Efgartigimod delivered significant improvement in muscle strength as measured by the TIS, which clinically mirrored what we saw preclinically in our mouse passive transfer models. In the Sjögren study, we observed meaningful improvement in systemic disease activity. empasiprubart is also advancing in two registrational head-to-head studies versus IVIG in MMN and CIDP. Our decision to run head-to-head studies illustrates our conviction that empasiprubart has the potential to disrupt these markets.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

The phase II ADA results in MMN support us and recently gained significant attention from treating neurologists at PNS in May. The data point that resonated most comes from the Patient Global Impression of Change scale where over 94% of treated patients felt better on EMPA than their best on IVIG, indicating EMPA could provide a transformative benefit for CIDP. We are seeing the significant demand from the community from VYVGART HYTRULO indicating that there is still a need for more innovation. We're committed to making the broadest impact by advancing two distinct mechanisms of action with VYVGART and empasiprubart. ARGX-119 is our 3rd and most recent molecule to enter a registrational study following positive proof of biology data in CMS. The discovery and development of ARGX-119 exemplifies our innovation model well.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

We collaborated with the world's leading experts to design an antibody that activates MuSK in a way that stabilizes and potentially enhances the neuromuscular junction. In our 16-patient phase I CMS study, we observed consistent functional improvements across multiple endpoints and this is just the beginning for ARGX-119. We have identified several opportunities across neurology for this agonistic antibody. Slide five, our immunology innovation platform continues to be a powerful engine for long-term growth. We are rapidly advancing four new molecules including our IL-6 inhibitor, a 2nd FcRn blocker, and an IgA targeting antibody, all of which are now in phase I studies. These programs are part of our broader portfolio of over 20 active IIP programs, each targeting areas of high unmet need. Our approach starts with identifying novel first-in-class immunology targets and building molecules that address them.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

As part of our investment in our IIP, we are also expanding our toolbox to optimize our molecules to be best in class. We recently announced a collaboration with Unnatural Products to gain access to their AI-driven microcycle discovery platform, enabling the development of potent, selective, and orally available peptides against targets that we select. This collaboration both expands our capabilities beyond antibodies and reinforces our commitment to continue to innovate on the patient experience. I will now turn the call over to Karl to discuss our strong financial position, which remains a key lever for us in achieving our long-term growth vision to scale efficiently and prioritize our investment in innovation.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Thank you Tim. Slide six, the 2nd quarter 2025 financial results are detailed in this morning's press release. Total operating income in the 2nd quarter was $967 million. This reflects $949 million in product net sales and $19 million in other operating income. We are very proud of a 97% growth we have been able to deliver since this time last year, representing the significant unmet need that exists in MG and CIDP and the transformative outcomes VYVGART can offer to patients. On a quarter-over-quarter basis, we delivered 19% or $158 million in product net sales growth in second quarter compared to 1st quarter of this year.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

If you look at the breakdown by region, product net sales were $802 million in the U.S., $52 million in Japan, $83 million across our rest of world markets including Europe, Canada, and our partner markets, and $12 million for product supplied to Zai Lab in China. We are happy to share that all global markets grew in the 2nd quarter with the exception of our supply to China, which you'll remember is not reflective of demand and depends on when we ship within the quarter. We continue to expand our patient reach in our non-U.S. markets and the overall contribution of these regions now represents more than 15% of our global product net sales. In the U.S. specifically, we delivered 18% quarter over quarter growth, which reflects strong growth in both MG and CIDP across all three presentations: Subcutaneous Vial and the Subcutaneous Prefilled Syringe.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

We made the investment to move quickly with PFS because we know it will be a long-term growth enabler for all current and future indications. We are already seeing this play out in the near term and PFS has increased patient demand for the quarter into its launch. With the introduction of PFS and the changing dynamics associated with Medicare Part D redesign, there was an increase in gross-to-net which we anticipated. Gross-to-net went from 12% at the end of 2024 to approximately 20% at the end of the 2nd quarter. Importantly, the net revenue contribution for an MG patient and a CIDP patient continues to be consistent with our previous guidance. This means that going forward, even with the increased gross-to-net adjustments, growth will be driven by our ability to broaden our patient reach within the MG and CIDP markets and into new patient populations.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

PFS will help us to achieve this growth.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Next slide. Total operating expenses in the 2nd quarter are $766 million, an increase of $98 million compared with Q1. This includes a $49 million increase in SG&A and a $19 million increase in R&D, all of which reflects our commitment to deliver on our innovation mission in a disciplined way. Cost of sales for the quarter is $111 million, which brings our year-to-date gross margin to 11%. We continue to make important investments into our global supply chain. Our expansion strategy includes our commitment to manufacture in a region for that region and specifically to grow our capacity in the U.S. R&D and SG&A expenses for Q2 were $328 million and $325 million respectively, leading to an operating profit of $201 million over the period. The quarterly financial income is $38 million and we recorded $49 million of exchange gains, mainly resulting from our non-U.S. dollar denominated cash balances.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

The year-to-date effective tax rate is 15%. After tax, the profit for the quarter is $245 million and for the year-to-date is $415 million. Our cash balance at the end of the quarter, represented by cash, cash equivalents, and current financial assets, is $3.9 billion. This is up from $3.4 billion as of the beginning of the year, mainly driven by net cash flow from operating activities of $0.4 billion for the first half of the year. I will now turn the call over to Karen, who will provide details on the commercial front.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

you, Karl. Slide eight. At argenx, everything we do begins with a deep commitment to understanding and meeting patient needs. VYVGART continues to be a transformative medicine, raising the bar for patients of what they can achieve from their treatment. In MG, we have the highest rate of minimum symptom expression across any treatment, and in CIDP we're seeing real world results that mirror the ADHERE data, including around functional improvement. This value proposition for patients supports our position as the leading branded biologic in MG in an increasingly competitive environment, and that's exactly where we hope to go in CIDP as well. Before diving into the success of the quarter, I want to discuss the real life impact of our treatment. Lynn, a biomedical engineer and marathon runner, was first diagnosed with CIDP when she was training for an Ironman and noticed a strange tingling in her fingers.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Her CIDP unfortunately progressed notwithstanding treatment with IVIG and other therapies. She maintained an active lifestyle and has been vocal about the challenges that come with managing her CIDP. Recently, she switched to VYVGART HYTRULOprefilled syringe, which she cited as an absolute game changer for her treatment experience. She also shared that she's seen an overall improvement in her quality of life. Recently, for the 1st time in eight years, she didn't plan around a hospital schedule while traveling outside the U.S. for three weeks. While every patient's experience is different, this is just one of the many inspiring stories we've heard throughout this launch. Next slide. The team delivered another phenomenal quarter, and we saw VYVGART growing across all indications, formulations, and regions.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

In the U.S., the introduction of the prefilled syringe led to increased demand for VYVGART, with more patients initiating treatment across all VYVGART product presentations than we've seen in prior quarters. 50% of PFS patients were brand new to VYVGART, with the others switching from Hytrulo vial or VYVGART IV. We also see the PFS expanding our prescriber base, which ultimately opens up our ability to reach new patients. Over 1,000 physicians have written a PFS prescription in the 1st quarter of launch, with around 15% being 1st time prescribers of any VYVGART product presentation. As with our prior launches, early momentum has been enabled by our ability to secure access quickly with favorable policies. As of this week, we have secured policies representing 70% of commercial lives.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Let's now look at the growth dynamics for MG and CIDP, both of which meaningfully contributed to the quarter's performance and have near term expansion opportunities. Slide 10 VYVGART continues to gain momentum in MG. It has now been 14 quarters since we launched VYVGART in MG and 14 quarters of consistent growth. Even so, we believe we are still at the early stages of unlocking the full opportunity, which we estimate to be 60,000 patients in the U.S. 1st priority is to shift the treatment paradigm, moving the goalposts for patients and resetting expectations of what a treatment can do. It's no longer that being controlled is being out of the hospital or being reliant on high doses of broad immunosuppressants. It's about being symptom free and getting back to the activities you love.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

This shift is already underway and 60% of new patients to VYVGART come from oral, reflecting the value VYVGART delivers through its consistent safety and efficacy. 2nd, we know that branded biologics still represent only 10% of the MG market today. We see this expanding as more innovation enters the market, all of which serves to raise treatment expectations for patients. We're focused on maintaining our position as the fastest growing biologic in this evolving landscape. The launch of prefilled syringe will be critical to achieving both of these goals. The PFS is expanding access to new MG patient segments, particularly those we couldn't reach with HCP administration as the only option. It's also emerging as a key differentiator to help us reach that additional 25,000 patients as the total biologic adoption grows.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Lastly, we're also advancing registrational trials in Seronegative and ocular MG, which together represent 18,000 patients of our total addressable market. It supports our goal of VYVGART having the broadest MG label. Slide 11 Turning to CIDP, we continue to see consistent growth across all key patient and prescriber metrics, the sign of a very successful launch. As of the end of June, over 2,500 patients have been treated globally with VYVGART HYTRULO, most of which are coming from the U.S. The launch in Japan and Germany are also off to a fast start. This momentum is driven by the clear and unmet need, the meaningful outcomes driven by the safety and efficacy we've seen with VYVGART HYTRULO in the real world and now the added convenience of our prefilled syringe.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Importantly, we see significant room to continue to grow within our initial 12,000 patient population, and we believe the strong value proposition of VYVGART HYTRULO will support continued expansion even beyond that. Over time, we see tremendous opportunity ahead in MG and CIDP. We're just getting started. These indications alone give us a strong foundation for continued growth, and we're applying the same playbook. As we expand into new diseases, we're focusing on what matters most, generating meaningful data for patients, moving rapidly, and staying ahead of competition through innovation. With that, I'll now turn the call back to Tim.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Thank you, Karen. We are executing across the business to transform the treatment landscape for patients with autoimmune diseases. What we have achieved in MG and CIDP alone reflects the significant value we have already unlocked and the substantial growth still ahead. We are excited to build on our proven ability to translate innovation into commercial success as we enter new markets. The opportunity in front of us is expansive. Over the next 18 months, we expect data from six phase III and six phase II trials across our pipeline, each with the potential to expand our reach into new patient populations and unlock addressable markets well beyond where we are today. As we scale for the long term, we remain deeply committed to creating lasting value for our shareholders, our partners, and most importantly, the patients we serve. With that, operator, we'll open the call up to questions.

Operator

Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad to raise your hand and join the queue. If you would like to withdraw your question, simply press star one. Again, we ask that you please limit yourself to one question only. Your first question today comes from the line of Alex Thompson from Stifel. Your line is open.

Alex Thompson
Alex Thompson
Managing Director at Stifel

Great. Good morning and thanks for taking my questions. I guess really, how have your cycles per year in MG evolved as you've generated additional chronic dosing data from ADAPT? Next, with neurologists getting more comfortable with this idea of chronic FcRn administration, I guess really what I'm asking is, is one of the drivers of a higher gross-to-net here outside of the Part D exposure a higher gross price per patient in MG followed by greater discounting towards a consistent net price? Thanks.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Alex, for joining us on the call today. I would like to kick it off with Karl's answer to the 2nd part of your question. I really like where you're going and I would like to give that question, part one of the question, to Karen. Karl.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Thank you, Alex. The net revenue per patient for MG and CIDP remains consistent even with a higher gross-to-net. There are many variables that go into the net revenue per patient. It includes product mix, list price, gross-to-net, utilization, and adherence. It is fair to assume that the combination of these variables offsets the impact of gross-to-net. For the sake of clarity, we want to confirm that we have not taken any price increase during 2025 in the U.S. Over to you, Karen.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Thanks, Karl. Yes, and thanks for pointing out, I mean we had a really strong quarter in MG and that was actually driven by patient adds is what I would suggest. We continue to guide to five cycles per year on average for an MG patient. What you're right to call out is that there is the potential for higher utilization and adherence with HYTRULO and particularly with PFS because of the convenience you can imagine for patients. The convenience of a PFS for self-injection. The other big driver here, and what you can imagine, is that once a patient experiences MSE with VYVGART, they want to stay in that minimum symptom expression. That's the advantage of individualized dosing, right? They can pick their dosing that keeps them in MSE and that's that positive experience that is keeping patients on VYVGART.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Those factors combined are really what led us to delivering what is remarkable. I think it's 14/4 straight of growth with MG.

Alex Thompson
Alex Thompson
Managing Director at Stifel

Great, thank you.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Tazina from Bear. Your next question comes from the line of Derek Arquila from Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Derek Arquilla
Derek Arquilla
Analyst at Wells Fargo

Good morning and congrats on the update here, and thanks for taking the questions. Just one on the breakdown of the PFS switches between HYTRULO and IV. I know you said that 60% of PFS patients were new, leaving 40% from switches. What's that breakdown look like?

Derek Arquilla
Derek Arquilla
Analyst at Wells Fargo

Thanks.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Eric, thanks for joining us on the call today and thank you for this question, which is really focusing on how are we growing the market with PFS instead of just switching an existing market. Right, Karen?

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yeah, absolutely. We don't provide the split by product presentation, but we've shared in previous quarters a few facts that are important. HYTRULO is driving the majority of the growth for VYVGART, and as you rightly called out, 50% of prefilled syringe patients are new to VYVGART. Our strategy with bringing these innovations to market in both MG and CIDP is that we're looking to expand the market and improve our differentiation in increasingly competitive markets. That's exactly what we're seeing the prefilled syringes delivering: market growth, market expansion, and product growth. You can expect that to continue, I would say, through the end of the year. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from a line of Akash Tewari from Jefferies. Your line is open.

Akash Tewari
Akash Tewari
Global Head of Biopharmaceutical Research at Jefferies

Hey, thanks so much. Our high level math suggests your GMG patient adds are really meaningfully growing. I think went from 800 to something over 1,500 in Q2. How much of this was the prefilled syringe allowing you to unlock new patients in an earlier line of setting? It doesn't seem like you're necessarily cannibalizing from the IV. What's the correct run rate assumption going forward? Maybe just secondly on your seronegative trial, can you talk about your confidence on that study reading out well and why your primary endpoint for that trial is absolute MG-ADL drop versus the MG responder endpoint you've used in the past. Thank you.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you. We have the benefit of having our Chief Medical Officer here today who is on the call. We will give question two to you about the seronegative trial. Let's kick it off with you, Karen.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yes, I think you rightly call out. We had a very strong quarter in MG and that was fueled by prefilled syringe. As we expected, expanding the market. Prefilled syringe allowed us to grow the prescriber base. We had 1,000 prescribers for prefilled syringe in the quarter. 150 of those are new to VYVGART and that's exactly what we thought would happen. We're really pleased with the launch of prefilled syringe. It's delivering on what we thought it would deliver. In parallel to that, we are continuing to see growth in our IV business in MG and that's because there is a place in the market where certain prescribers and patients prefer the IV option. That's in line with our strategy that we want to meet the doctors and the patients where they are.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

We want to provide the best efficacy and safety and we know we have that with VYVGART and we have multiple options for product presentations so that we can continue to really expand the market in MG, start to move into those earlier lines of treatment. As the number one biologic and the fastest growing biologic in the market, we're seeing exactly that play out in the market. Luc, I'll hand it over to you.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Thanks, Karen, and thanks for the question. We're very excited for this upcoming result. This is directly related to the change of primary endpoints. We changed this to change from baseline in MG-ADL because compared to a responder kind of definition and therefore dichotomy, you retain more information and therefore intrinsically you would increase the power. We were also able to negotiate with the agency that based on all the data we already had on seronegatives, we could put the required T value to be reached at 0.1. Those are two things that will help. What we also added was a better diagnostic accuracy ascertainment at the beginning to make sure we had the right patients in.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Luc. To wrap it up, our confidence level is high. This is still a clinical trial which has intrinsic risks. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Tazeen Ahmad from Bank of America. Your line is open.

Tazeen Ahmad
Tazeen Ahmad
Analyst at Bank of America

Hi guys. Maybe my phone is just as excited about your beat as I am. I wanted to maybe ask two questions. Can you talk about expectations for increasing competition as the year progresses? You know, specifically we've been getting a lot of questions about UPLIZNA. How are you thinking about the dynamic for that? Can you just talk about the drop off rate from treatment for patients? Maybe let's start with GMG since it's been launched longer. Thanks.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Tazim, for joining us. Karen, I think these are two excellent questions for you. Why don't we maybe kick it off with our views on the competitive dynamics of our space?

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yeah, absolutely. As you say. Tazeen, the competitive dynamics are or the competition is certainly heating up. I would say as the leading biologic and the fastest growing biologic, our task is to continue to raise the bar on what patients and prescribers can expect in MG. We're doing exactly that. Whether you look at our MSC rate, our rapid and sustained efficacy over 10,000 patient years of safety, and we've just talked about all of our product presentations, I think we set the bar very high in MG. Having said that, we've said this before, we welcome innovation to the MG market, to the CIDP market. Innovation is great for patients and we believe that we are very well positioned to continue to lead and to continue to be the fastest growing biologic within that expanding biologic market in MG.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

In terms of your 2nd question on the discontinuation rate, I wasn't sure if it was for MG or CIDP or both. I can say for both MG and CIDP, the discontinuation rate is in line with expectations, what you would expect for a chronic medicine. In particular, as we talked about earlier, I think in MG, what we're seeing is once patients get into that MSE, they want to optimize their dose and they want to stay on VYVGART. With CIDP, we're seeing the majority of patients on weekly, they're staying with weekly. We do expect that some patients will start to switch to biweekly and our discontinuation rate is in line with what you'd expect for chronic medicine. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Rajan Sharma from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Rajan Sharma
Rajan Sharma
Executive Director at Goldman Sachs

Hi, this is Max for Rajan. Our question is, based on the patient numbers you disclosed in the release, it looks like the number of patients on VYVGART for CIDP almost doubled from the end of January to the end of June. Is that a good proxy for the.

Rajan Sharma
Rajan Sharma
Executive Director at Goldman Sachs

Growth rate during the remainder of the year?

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yeah. Thanks for the question. We're really pleased with that 2,500 patient number, and I think what you can expect is that the growth will continue through the end of the year. I do want to remind you that 2,500 patients is global, and in particular, we had a launch in Japan in the beginning of the year. We recently had the EMA approval, and we've also launched in Germany. I can tell you that both of those markets are off to a very fast start, similar to what we saw in the U.S. I think what those fast starts across all markets demonstrate is that patients and providers have been waiting for innovation to come to the CIDP market, and they're excited for this. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from a line of James Gordon from J.P. Morgan. Your line is open.

James Gordon
James Gordon
VP of European Pharma Equity Research at J.P. Morgan

Hello James Gordon, JP Morgan, thanks for taking the questions. 1st question is on the CIDP launch. I think President or you pointed us to just being reimbursed in 12,000 U.S. CIDP patients who failed IVIg. What are you seeing there and how might that change? We did a survey that said our respondents said actually quite a lot of the use was already in IVIg naive CIDP patients and the growth was going to increase or uptake was going to grow almost as quickly in the naive patients as the experienced patients. Are you seeing any of that? How might that change? How will you shape it? Are you going to get some more data in CIDP to try and get used earlier or just it takes time? Just to follow up, which was gross margin assumptions.

James Gordon
James Gordon
VP of European Pharma Equity Research at J.P. Morgan

I had had some concerns that gross margin was going to contract as a result of IRA and effectively the discount you have to give and paying to Halozyme. I also saw some comments from Zai Lab, which seem to suggest a very significant reduction in production costs for VYVGART and that presumably will help your COGS ratio a lot. What's the gross margin outlook going forward?

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Maybe Karl, you started question two on cost of goods and impact on gross margin and then Karen, we can bring it back to you to where we are on the adoption curve in CIDP and how we see that evolve. Right?

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Yes, thank you, James, thank you for the question. The gross margin on a year to date basis is currently at around 11%. Going forward, we expect that number to remain around 11%. Two offsetting factors going into that. We continue to drive down the cost of sales with our CDMOs as we move to larger sites, bespoke sites with higher yields and economies of scale. That is the reference I think Zai is probably referring to. Also in cost of sales is the royalty we're paying to Halozyme Therapeutics. With Hytrulo becoming a bigger share of our business, and remember, we're paying royalties only on HYTRULO, not on IV. You would expect the royalty number to increase over time. The decreasing standard cost of sales plus the increasing royalties should largely offset and therefore we expect the cost of sales percentage to be around 11%.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Thank you for the question.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yeah, thank you. In terms of the CIDP patient dynamics, we are one year into launch and we are seeing strong growth and patient adds. We are still seeing in our data that 85%-90% of the patients are coming from IVIG switches. You recall that's what we expected and that's how we define that 12,000 TAM or addressable market as patients that are uncontrolled on their current medicines, the majority of which is IVIG. We are still seeing that. That's where the majority of our source of business is. That could expand over time. I would caution that we are very early on the launch curve. We are just one year into the launch, so we have a lot of growth ahead of us and a long way to go, even in those 12,000 uncontrolled patients.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

To your question about when we would expect to start to get into early aligned patients or some naive patients, we do see some already. Our label enables it, so we do not need to do an additional study or change our label. Rather, the key here is making sure that we get the payer access in place. Obviously, HCP and patient experience is going to be critical as well. I think you are pointing out the most important fact, which is we are very early on the growth curve in CIDP, despite the strong uptick. Thanks for the question.

Operator

In the interest of time, we ask that you please limit yourself to one single-part question. Your next question comes from the line of Yatin Suneja from Guggenheim. Your line is open.

Yatin Suneja
Yatin Suneja
Senior Managing Director and Biotechnology Analyst at Guggenheim

Thank you for taking my question.

Yatin Suneja
Yatin Suneja
Senior Managing Director and Biotechnology Analyst at Guggenheim

Just a quick one on gross-to-net asset verification. For this quarter it was 20%. Could you comment on how do you.

Yatin Suneja
Yatin Suneja
Senior Managing Director and Biotechnology Analyst at Guggenheim

Think it is going to evolve for the 2nd half of this year and then as we go into next year? Yeah, thank you.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Jasmine, thank you for the question. Yes, the gross-to-net increased to 20% and that is a year-to-date number. It's not referring to the 2nd quarter. That's an 8% increase from the end of last year to the middle of the year. We talked about the key drivers of gross-to-net, so I won't repeat that. I think what's really important is that the bulk of the increase is now behind us. Going forward, we will see increases in gross-to-net, but it will be smaller increases driven by the product mix. That is, if PFS become a bigger share of the business, which it will, you're going to see gross-to-net creeping up. The important thing and what we want to emphasize is that the net revenue per patient has not changed. As I mentioned, at least for the foreseeable future, we're not expecting that to change.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

PFS comes with unique dynamics, but ultimately it's expanding the market, resulting in incremental patients, which will drive revenues. Thank you for the question.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Yaron Werber from TD Cowen. Your line is open.

Yaron Werber
Yaron Werber
Managing Director and Senior Biotechnology Analyst at TD Cowen

Great. Congrats on a great quarter. Two quick interrelated questions. Maybe just the 1st one. Give us an update on the IV to subcutaneous switch for VYVGART that you're seeing so far. And then secondly, we noticed that new ENHANZE phase III for EMPA head to head against placebo. This is not an IVIG switch. There's almost like a part A and then a part B in the phase III in adults with CIDP. Can you talk about the trial design and the strategy? Thank you.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah, thank you, Irun. And thanks for joining us today in the call. Maybe Karen, you want to talk a little bit about IV to subcutaneous switch. It's not really switch dynamic we're driving.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Then Luc, I would like to call on you to explain a little bit about EMPA strategy and the high level features of this placebo controlled 2nd trial. Okay, Karen.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Happy to take the question. As Kim already flagged, our strategy with prefilled syringe or subcutaneous is not a switch strategy, it's a market expansion strategy. We're seeing that play out in the market. In fact, we're also seeing, and recall that IV is only indicated for MG. What we're seeing is continued growth in the IV business and we expect that will continue and that we will continue to see a substantial IV business in MG. The reason for that is again the prescriber preference as well as patient preference. There is a portion of patients and prescribers who prefer that product presentation and we expect that to continue to grow over the coming years. Luc, if I can hand it over to you for the ENHANZE question.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Yes, it's energizing. The approach we're taking here is that we learned a lot and we've been innovators now in the CIDP field. 1st bringing forward, which shows you can have up to a 70% response, which would indicate an IgG dependency, but a third didn't respond. That then brings us to the question. Okay, we are not satisfied. We saw the results of MMN with EMPA, which were quite spectacular, and we started thinking, could we not continue our journey and develop solutions for CIDP patients by also introducing EMPA prepared. Once you've made that decision, the 1st thing is the recognition. IVIG is, of course, widely used, and could we be an improvement over IVIG?

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

That is not the only approach, and that's why we also felt to kind of broaden that ability to get a signaling patient that we should look at patients that are either refractory or naive and look at the power of EMPA in that study. Study is pretty simple. It's a 24-week study against placebo.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Luca. We believe CIDP will become an increasingly competitive space, and therefore the clinical development strategy which you see emerged on ClinicalTrials.gov is basically there to give EMPA the best possible positioning in that exciting marketplace. Thanks for the questions.

Operator

Your next question comes from a line of Shawn Lehman from Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Shawn Lehman
Shawn Lehman
Analyst at Morgan Stanley

Thank you, operator, and good morning. Good afternoon, Tim and team. Thanks for taking my question. Thinking strategically, I mean you guys are now in a new area of profitability. I think cash flow will increase to cash was almost $0.5 billion for the six-month period. On the other hand, you've got a number of clinical trials coming up. I'm just wondering how do you see the business evolving from here. You know, what do you think of margin and what's the balance sheet strategy going forward?

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah, we're not going to comment on margins and it's not a goal for us to strive for certain ratios and margins as an innovator in our spaces. Let us try to answer the question from a capital allocation point of view. Right, Karl, because we are accumulating cash. Maybe you want to comment on this.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Yeah, we have a really strong balance sheet. $3.9 billion. We added $500 million, half a billion in the year. Also from operating cash flow, $400-$400 million in the year, which is really good I think. Also as a CFO, I'm really proud to say that the revenue growth is outpacing the OpEx growth, that resulting in incremental profit quarter-over-quarter. That in itself is not the goal. Here we are focusing on clinical catalysts and revenue growth. Our capital allocation priorities have always been clear. Priority number one is to deliver on the promise of the card. There's still a lot of work to do. Many indications and studies. Following that is EMPA and the rest of the pipeline. We've talked about it earlier, lots of exciting assets in science and we want to invest there.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Third, what I want to highlight is the investment in our supply chain. The decisions we've made years ago bring us to the position today that we can say we have enough inventory and supply for all scenarios and we need to make those same decisions for tomorrow. That requires a lot of capital. 4th is where we're starting to think about business development. The company has always looked outside for innovative biology. Typically we found it in academic centers, but we're now moving to a stage where we can use the strength of our balance sheet to also look at other biotechs. 5th, of course we will get to a stage where we're going to return cash to shareholders. That is not really part of the discussion today. Thank you very much for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Thomas Smith from Leerink Partners. Your line is open.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

Hey guys, good morning.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

Thanks for taking the questions and congrats.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

On the really strong quarter. Just on CIDP, I was wondering if.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

You could comment and maybe provide some.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

Updated thoughts on the FDA spares update from June. Is there any visibility on where FDA is with their analyses or expectations on the timelines of resolution?

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

I'm just curious if there's any.

Thomas Smith
Thomas Smith
Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners

Feedback you're hearing from prescribers in the field on this? Any kind of evolution in thinking about how they're approaching switching from IVIG. Thanks so much.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

I'm going to give you the floor to briefly comment on this fares question, and then maybe Karen, time for you to echo the voice of the field, right, the marketplace. Luc, why don't you kick it off?

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Yeah, thanks for the question and allowing to give some context to this.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

1st, talk about FAERS itself.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

That's an important tool in the safety monitoring established in 2004, but it comes with many limitations. It is actually a building repository or database with inputs from sponsors, providers, and patients. One thing that is missing in there is denominators, and it is therefore not really useful to really assign causality or definitely not make a benefit risk statement. The reason I'm saying that is that a fast increase in exposure could lead to an increase in reporting. That is maybe one of the reasons here, given as you saw, the success we're having in CIDP. Having said that, we of course are monitoring this ourselves and are in conversations with the agency as per normal procedures. In that sense, we have to note that this NIS, as it's called, was issued as a potential safety signal that requires monitoring.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

NISs have two levels: one important potential, which has a much shorter window of evaluation, or potential, which typically has a 12 month evaluation period, and at the end of that, in many cases, nothing happens or the monitoring period is extended. Of course, we can never exclude that we have to have a dialogue with the agency about a label change. At this point, we don't have sight on that. Given the rate we observe ourselves as being a sponsor of less than 2% of these sort of events with over 2,500 patients exposed, we feel that the current benefit risk ratio on CIDP is maintained.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Thank you, Karl. Just to add to that, in terms of the feedback from prescribers, I would say the early experience that we hear about from prescribers is very positive, and we continually hear that real world experience mirrors what we saw in ADHERE in the clinical trial. The other positive signal that we see is that we're investing in patient activations, and many patients are going in to ask their neurologist about VYVGART for CIDP. What we're seeing is a very high grant rate when the patients ask. What that means and what that demonstrates is that neurologists have confidence and belief in VYVGART in both the efficacy and the safety profile of the medicine. That's obviously translating into the strong patient growth numbers that we're seeing in the quarter as well. I think really positive early experience. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Myles Minter from William Blair. Your line is open.

Myles Minter
Myles Minter
Research Analyst of Healthcare at William Blair

Hey, congrats on the quarter.

Myles Minter
Myles Minter
Research Analyst of Healthcare at William Blair

Thanks for the question. It's following up on this, actually. I think at AAN you disclosed of the 1,316 patients as of January 31st on Hindschild O and CNAP, the worsening rate was 3.3%. It's pretty low now that you've got greater than 2,500 patients on therapy. Can you update us on that right there or do you plan to update us? The second question is just on the phase IV IVIG to efgartigimod alfa switch study in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Are we still expecting data for that this year? Thanks very much.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah, Martin, I'm going to give you a very brief answer. We're monitoring all AEs. Of course, in the real world this specific AE of severe CIDP worsening is actually not going up. It's rather stable or going down. It is a very small number.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

I want to remind the audience that in the CIDP setting specifically any therapeutic switch you would consider as a physician carries the risk of CIDP worsening. This is simply a known fact in the space. What I do want to call out is the transformative benefits which we see for VYVGART in so many patients. The amount of patient anecdotes which are reaching us every week in terms of improvement in functionality I think is just impressive. To conclude from where we sit, we don't see a real benefit risk change. The switch study I think is well on track. It's enrolling and we will keep you updated when the study progresses, finalizes and as you can expect, data will be reported at the clinical conference. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Our next question comes from the line of Samantha Semenkow from Citi. Your line is open.

Samantha Semenkow
Samantha Semenkow
VP at Citi

Hi, good morning. Thanks very much for taking the question, just one on the pipeline for me. I'm wondering if you could just share some context on your decision to advance the clinical development of ARGX-119. Does the data you've seen so far in CMS, does it increase your enthusiasm as well for ALS and SMA, and just more broadly, I'm wondering what the overall market opportunity across indications for 119 is that you're envisioning. Thanks very much.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Hey Senator, thank you for the question on ARGX-119, our latest kid on the block. We have the benefit of having Luc here. Luc, could you contextualize the go decision for CMS, please? What is your view on potential read-through on other indications? I will briefly summarize how we look at the totality of the opportunity. Okay.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Certainly. We chose indication CMS, which is an ultra-rare indication because that for us will be the best in-human proof of the biology at work of an agonistic antibody for MuSK. Therefore, we designed a small study, also driven by availability of patients, but highly densely monitored with readouts and also building intra-patient dose escalation to come to the answer: is the approval biology. The basis for our decision is that we did find this. We found that on a clinically relevant endpoint, correlated with a digital endpoint and also with a clinician-observed strength in the legs. The endpoints are six-minute walk test, a digital measure of cadence, and strength on the QMG. We had that signature with an increasing ability to walk longer distances in these patients.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

That really made us say we have proof of biology and we're going to continue the path in CMS in as far as we can. With respect to read-through to the other indications, there should be some correlation. There are two different things here. One is that the diseases that we're testing, ALS and SMA.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Are, of course.

Luc Truyen
Chief Medical Officer at argenx

Complex with different biology. We should not simply assume that there's 100% read through. That's why we designed a list development with a POC testing multiple doses. SMA is currently being designed.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you, Luc. If we zoom out on 119, it's a typical argenx molecule or program. It comes straight from the innovation playbook. Right. Novel target where we collaborate with the world experts, a hell of an antibody which we made, and then a potential pipeline in the product because we're now already in three indications: CMS, ALS, SMA. Just think about a molecule which has the potential to rejuvenate a neuromuscular junction that has exciting potential across a number of nerve regeneration indications, but also muscle diseases. Stay tuned. We're still assessing further potential in more indications to come. Thanks for the question on 119.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Gavin Clark-Gartner from Evercore. Your line is open.

Gavin Clark-Gartner
Gavin Clark-Gartner
Managing Director of Biotechnology Equity Research at Evercore

Hey guys, congrats on the great progress.

Gavin Clark-Gartner
Gavin Clark-Gartner
Managing Director of Biotechnology Equity Research at Evercore

This week AstraZeneca noted that they.

Gavin Clark-Gartner
Gavin Clark-Gartner
Managing Director of Biotechnology Equity Research at Evercore

Expect 40% of MG patients to be on self-administered therapies by 2030. I'm curious if this aligns with your market research and very early PFS experience.

Gavin Clark-Gartner
Gavin Clark-Gartner
Managing Director of Biotechnology Equity Research at Evercore

As seen to date.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thanks.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah, thank you, Gavin. It's not tough to comment on market research results from colleagues in the field. I think what we tend to agree is that, you know, self-administration is important for patients as we are actually already evidencing today. Remember the R&D Day of last July where we basically increased our expectations for the total time in MG PFS and self-administration actually is going right after that box which we showed of 23,000 extra PAT which we added in addition to the initial 17,000 which we had at the start of the MG launch. Very, very important. We cannot comment on these numbers specifically. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Andy Chen from Wolfe Research. Your line is open.

Operator

Hi, this is Emma on for Andy. Thanks for taking our question and congrats on the strong quarter. In the press release it's mentioned that you're still in the early stages of MG and CIDP launches. We're just curious how you guys know the launch is still in early stages. Is it because prescriber coverage is still a small % or are new prescriptions still rising or are new numbers still just far away from theoretical TAM? Thank you.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yes, thanks for the question. I think it's all of those factors. Let's take it step by step. First, in MG, I mean we're 14 quarters in but what we continue to see is that strong quarter over quarter patient growth as you said. I think we're fueling that growth with new innovations. For example, bringing prefilled syringe to the market.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

As Tim just talked through, we see that the biologics market share of market will grow in MG. We estimate that it will grow by about 25,000 patients. We also continue to invest in VYVGART and getting the broadest label for VYVGART. We have our seronegative and our ocular MG studies. That means that the total addressable market in MG ends up being around 60,000 patients. That's where we get to we're still, despite being 14 quarters in with continuous growth, still early in the market opportunity for MG. Likewise with CIDP. We're only one year into launch with CIDP and we're seeing continued strong uptake in the market. We said that the TAM there is 12,000 patients. We still have a way to grow. I think over time and certainly over the long term, you can start to imagine that with more innovation coming to market.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

We just talked about EMPA potentially for CIDP. You can start to see that that market will start to grow beyond the 12,000 as well over the long term. If you take a step back, when you look at our continued growth that we've delivered since the VYVGART launch and the fact that we have six phase III studies reading out in the next 18 months, you can see that as a company we're very much on the early side of the growth trajectory. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Our next question comes from a line of Douglas Tsao from H.C. Wainwright. Your line is open.

Douglas Tsao
Douglas Tsao
Managing Director at H.C. Wainwright

Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking the questions and congrats on all the progress. I'm just curious, in terms of the PFS, we've talked to some physicians who have said that they've had some challenge in terms of getting patients access to the product. I'm just curious, is that sort of one-offs or is there still a situation where perhaps demand is sort of exceeding the available supply?

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Yeah, thanks for the question. Look, I think it's—we're only one quarter into launch and normally with these into the launch of prefilled syringe, and you know we always say that with any new launch it takes about two to four quarters to get access in place. I think we sometimes forget about that because our access team does such a great job and always beats expectations on that. Of course, in early stages there are going to be some questions like that or some feedback while we get access into place. What we see though is that we have 70% of commercial lives covered with prefilled syringe, and in general, we're adding to that all the time. In general, the feedback that we get from the field is that prescribers are very pleased with how quickly we're getting access for patients to prefilled syringe.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

I think that's reflected in the strong uptake.

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

Douglas, if I can add, we definitely have enough inventory available. It's not driven by inventory.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yep, thanks for the question.

Karen Massey
COO at argenx

Thank you.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Victor Floc'h from BNP Paribas. Your line is open.

Victor Floc'h
Victor Floc'h
Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas

Hi, thanks for taking my question.

Victor Floc'h
Victor Floc'h
Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas

I have basically just one question on ITP. Actually, I was wondering if you could update us on the feedback since launch, because if I remember correctly, your ambition at the time was to position.

Victor Floc'h
Victor Floc'h
Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas

VYVGART as a 1st subcutaneous RA.

Victor Floc'h
Victor Floc'h
Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas

Option basically as a first line treatment. I was basically wondering if the physician feedback so far in Japan basically supports this, and if by any chance you could also share your market share in this market in Japan.

Victor Floc'h
Victor Floc'h
Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas

Thanks so much.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Thank you Victor for the question on ITP. The launch in Japan for ITP is actually going well. What we find exciting is to see that in the real world the clinical data are actually perfectly metric. We see about a 50% response rate. The drug is landing 1st in the last line of ITP patients after they fail steroids, IVIG, and TPOs. Very refractory patient population and still a very nice 50% response rate. If patients respond just like similar in the clinical trial, they respond very quickly. The safety profile of the product is also differentiating. Physicians badly need a fast acting safe drug. I think the drug is landing very well, uptake is nice, and I think we will be gradually moving our way up in the treatment paradigm. All in all according to plan. Thanks for the question.

Operator

Our final question comes from the line of Charles Pittman-King from Barclays. Your line is open.

Charles Pitman-King
Charles Pitman-King
VP and Equity Research Analyst at Barclays

Hi guys. Thanks very much for taking my questions. Just a final one please. Just on the kind of pricing dynamics, just thinking about the Medicare process for argenx, I'm just wondering what potential quarterly fluctuation is there between assuming a Medicare discount and then kind of right sizing it. What kind of visibility do you have to have confidence in your comments that the net price per patient is going to remain flat going forward as we think about trying to forecast your sales on a quarterly basis going forward and any potential fluctuations that might come up as a result. Thank you.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Yeah, Charles, let me take it off and hand over to Karl. We will not get into the complexities of the U.S. healthcare system in today's call.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

I think what I want you all to remember from the call is the confirmation, right, Karl, that the net contribution for an MG and CIDP patient is actually not changing. If and when we think it's about to change, we will definitely flag it to this audience. Anything you would like to add?

Karl Gubitz
CFO at argenx

I think that's all. Thank you, Tim.

Tim Van Hauwermeiren
CEO at argenx

Okay, thanks Charles. Thanks for the question.

Operator

This concludes today's conference call. We thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.

Analysts
    • Akash Tewari
      Global Head of Biopharmaceutical Research at Jefferies
    • Victor Floc'h
      Equity Research Analyst at BNP Paribas
    • Analyst at Wolfe Research
    • Thomas Smith
      Senior Managing Director of Immunology and Metabolism at Leerink Partners
    • Yaron Werber
      Managing Director and Senior Biotechnology Analyst at TD Cowen
    • Tim Van Hauwermeiren
      CEO at argenx
    • Luc Truyen
      Chief Medical Officer at argenx
    • Yatin Suneja
      Senior Managing Director and Biotechnology Analyst at Guggenheim
    • Karen Massey
      COO at argenx
    • Tazeen Ahmad
      Analyst at Bank of America
    • Alex Thompson
      Managing Director at Stifel
    • James Gordon
      VP of European Pharma Equity Research at J.P. Morgan
    • Derek Arquilla
      Analyst at Wells Fargo
    • Beth DelGiacco
      VP of Corporate Communications and Investor Relations at argenx
    • Douglas Tsao
      Managing Director at H.C. Wainwright
    • Gavin Clark-Gartner
      Managing Director of Biotechnology Equity Research at Evercore
    • Rajan Sharma
      Executive Director at Goldman Sachs
    • Samantha Semenkow
      VP at Citi
    • Shawn Lehman
      Analyst at Morgan Stanley
    • Myles Minter
      Research Analyst of Healthcare at William Blair
    • Karl Gubitz
      CFO at argenx
    • Charles Pitman-King
      VP and Equity Research Analyst at Barclays
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