Terrestrial Energy Q3 2026 Earnings Results & Report

Terrestrial Energy EPS Results

• Actual EPS: -$0.10
• Consensus EPS: -$0.15
• Beat/Miss: Beat by +$0.05
• One Year Ago EPS: N/A

Terrestrial Energy Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: N/A
• Expected Revenue: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Terrestrial Energy (NASDAQ:IMSR) (Nasdaq: IMSR) is a developer of Generation IV nuclear plants that use its proprietary Integral Molten Salt Reactor (IMSR). The IMSR captures the operating benefits of molten salt reactor technology in a plant design that prioritizes capital efficiency, cost reduction, versatility and functionality of nuclear energy supply.

IMSR plants are designed to be small and modular for distributed supply of low-cost, reliable, dispatchable, clean, high-temperature industrial heat and electricity, extending the application of nuclear energy beyond electric power markets to industrial applications such as petrochemical and chemical synthesis and data center operation. Terrestrial Energy is engaged with regulators, suppliers, industrial partners and energy end users to build, license and commission the first IMSR plants in the early 2030s. The company is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Terrestrial Energy Q3 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Positive Sentiment: Terrestrial Energy submitted three NRC topical reports in 2026, including reports on graphite qualification and separation of the IMSR’s Thermal and Electric Facility from its nuclear facility. The company says NRC confirmation that the facility is non-nuclear could allow it to be built and operated without NRC permits or licenses.
• Positive Sentiment: The company was selected by Ameresco as the advanced nuclear technology supplier for a U.S. Army project at Aberdeen Proving Ground, expanding its announced project pipeline into the federal and defense markets. Management said it has 10 active commercial project discussions, though details have been disclosed for only three.
• Neutral Sentiment: Work on DOE pilot projects TETRA and TEFLA advanced through an agreement with Idaho National Laboratory covering engineering support and fuel-salt development. Key supplier negotiations are still underway, so the company did not provide project timelines; it said the projects may receive public-sector funding in 2027 but are otherwise expected to be funded from its balance sheet.
• Positive Sentiment: Management promoted its IMSR Natural Gas Bridge concept, saying Hatch’s analysis supports a potential two-to-three-year reduction in time to power versus a combined-cycle gas plant, with competitive capital costs and electricity costs. The concept is still under development, and the company did not disclose quantitative cost estimates or specific customer commitments.
• Negative Sentiment: Cash and short-term investments totaled $276.3 million, with no debt, but quarterly cash burn rose to $7.1 million from $6.4 million and management expects spending to increase as TETRA and TEFLA ramp up. The board authorized a share repurchase of up to $25 million, while the company provided no cash-runway guidance.

Presentation

[Operator]

Greetings, and welcome to the Terrestrial Energy third quarter 2026 earnings call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star 0 on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Tyler Gronbach, Vice President of Investor Relations and Public Relations. Thank you. You may begin.

[Tyler Gronbach, VP of Investor Relations and Public Relations at Terrestrial Energy]

Thank you, operator. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Terrestrial Energy's third quarter 2026 earnings conference call. I'm Tyler Gronbach, Vice President of Investor Relations and Public Relations. Joining me today are Simon Irish, Chief Executive Officer, and Brian Thrasher, Chief Financial Officer. Simon will begin with a review of our strategic and operational progress during the quarter, and Brian will follow with a discussion of our financial results. We will then open the call for questions.

[Tyler Gronbach, VP of Investor Relations and Public Relations at Terrestrial Energy]

Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that we have posted the quarterly results press release and summary slides to the Investor Relations section of our website at terrestrialenergy.com. I'd also like to remind you that today's discussion will include forward-looking statements about our business, operations, and financial outlook. These statements are based on management's current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially.

[Tyler Gronbach, VP of Investor Relations and Public Relations at Terrestrial Energy]

We encourage you to review the risk factors described in our SEC filings for a more complete discussion of these risks. With that, I'll turn the call over to Simon.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Thank you, Tyler, and good morning, everyone. When we last spoke in August, I reported progress against the three-pillar framework of business plan execution that we set out in March guidance. Today, I will do the same for the third quarter, including developments since quarter end. I will then provide an update on projects TETRA and TEFLA, our pilot programs with the Department of Energy, and close with the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge, a high-potential market opportunity for the IMSR plant that the company has been developing.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

In third quarter, we submitted our graphite Topical Report to the NRC as part of our program of pre-licensing engagement, worked with Zachry Nuclear on site characterization at Texas A&M-RELLIS, and disclosed a third commercial IMSR plant project when we announced Terrestrial Energy as the advanced nuclear technology supplier for Ameresco's project to deliver power to the U.S. Army at its Aberdeen Proving Ground. During the third quarter, we again observed volatility across equity markets and the nuclear tech sector in particular.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Looking through this, the fundamentals for nuclear innovation continued to strengthen quarter-on-quarter, year-on-year, as did the broader outlook for nuclear energy demand. In this environment, we are focused on our business plan, its execution, and reporting clear milestones. Everything we report today points back to the mission we set out when we formed the company well over a decade ago, to use nuclear innovation to solve the big problem worth solving with private capital: affordability and capital efficiency of nuclear power supply.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Our mission remains to solve that problem quickly and at scale, and with fleet deployment of IMSR plants in the 2030s. Our solution is the IMSR plant design, with its molten salt reactor technology, chosen for its triple operating advantage and for clear, fundamental, compelling reasons. Let me walk through third quarter progress across the three pillars of business plan execution. I will start with our engineering and regulatory programs. Recall that the IMSR is a graphite-moderated molten salt reactor, a configuration previously demonstrated at national labs in the United States, and as recently as 2023 in China.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Graphite is an important material in the reactor core. on September 10th, we submitted our graphite Topical Report to the NRC, the second of at least three Topical Report submissions we set out in March guidance for 2026. The Topical Report seeks NRC approval of our methodology for qualifying graphite for the IMSR, namely how we select graphite, model its performance in operation, and close any data gaps the NRC requires. This methodology is essential to the NRC's ultimate approval of our selected graphite grade for IMSR use, and its implementation is a process referred to as qualification.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Qualification requires us to demonstrate to the NRC's satisfaction the performance of graphite under IMSR operating conditions. Terrestrial Energy's graphite qualification program differentiates the company in its sector, as it was started notably early, in November 2020. Since then, the company has been collecting graphite performance data from tests in the NRG high-flux reactor in Petten, one of the world's most powerful test reactors. In this test reactor, multiple nuclear graphite grades from multiple suppliers are being irradiated and analyzed over successive cycles.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

That process, its analysis, and collected data now underpin the methodology in this Topical Report. Its conclusion will allow the company to select the most suitable graphite grade from a preferred supplier, as well as enable its qualification for licensed use in the IMSR. Given the importance of graphite in the IMSR design, we consider our submission of this Topical Report to be a noteworthy development. Post-quarter end, on October 8th, we submitted a further Topical Report following completion of the required engineering and safety analysis.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

This report covered the regulatory separation of the IMSR Thermal and Electric Facility from the IMSR nuclear facility. The report asked the NRC to confirm that the Thermal and Electric Facility is a non-nuclear part of the IMSR plant, and hence, that it can be constructed and operated without NRC permits and licenses. This has valuable competitive advantages for our business, and I will return to why at the end of my remarks. This Topical Report was the third Topical Report submission for 2026, meeting the guidance we established at the beginning of the year to submit at least three Topical Reports to the NRC.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Each NRC Topical Report submitted and then approved increases certainty in the regulatory basis for commercial operation of the IMSR plant. Turning to the second pillar, supply chain developments. Over the quarter, we made progress with fuel component and services supply for our DOE projects, TETRA and TEFLA. We established a Strategic Partnership Project Agreement with Idaho National Laboratory to provide engineering, nuclear safety, quality assurance, regulatory, digital engineering, and program management support for Project TEFLA.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Work under this contract includes fuel salt production for TETRA criticality, as well as development of the IMSR fuel salt production process ready for commercial scale-up, which is a key objective of the TEFLA fuel line pilot. At Texas A&M-RELLIS, work with Zachry Nuclear is now underway with an engineering services agreement. This is supporting site characterization in advance of construction engineering and an NRC Construction Permit application for the planned commercial IMSR plant on that site.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Turning to the third pillar, our commercial pipeline of IMSR plant projects. On September 21st, we announced our selection as the advanced nuclear technology supplier for Ameresco's power project at the U.S. Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. Ameresco was selected by the Army through a competitive process under its Strategic Capital Initiatives. This is a program to partner with the private sector to modernize military installations. This development builds on the MOU we signed with Ameresco in June 2025.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Ameresco's project for the U.S. Army is the second announced project we have disclosed this year. It aligns with our previous guidance provided at the beginning of the year to announce details of one to three additional projects. It also extends our commercial pipeline into the federal government and defense. Our pipeline of commercial opportunities spans three vast energy market verticals accessible with the IMSR plant's high-temperature thermal energy supply. They cover data centers, industrial process heat and power applications, and grid supply, notably repowering of retiring coal plants with an IMSR.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Over the quarter, we continued to develop our resources for sustained and efficient growth. Post-quarter end, on October 19th, we announced the appointment of David Williams as Chief Commercial Officer. David brings four decades of commercial experience across the power sector, most recently at Kiewit Nuclear Solutions, and before that, 15 years at Fluor, where he led negotiations on multi-billion dollar agreements for new nuclear power projects. He now leads our customer partnership and contracting strategy, advancing commercial opportunities for IMSR plant projects.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

I would like now to return to our DOE projects, TETRA, our pilot reactor, and TEFLA, our fuel production line pilot. The relationship between the two is simple. TEFLA will produce the fuel, and TETRA will run on it. Terrestrial Energy's goal for TETRA and TEFLA has been to maximize their value in our licensing program for commercial operation of an IMSR plant. This is important to emphasize. We've constructed both pilot programs to generate the technical and performance data needed to support NRC license applications for our commercial IMSR plants and for a commercial-scale production facility for IMSR fuel salt.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

With each IMSR at 195 MW electric, we are distinguished in the group engaged with the DOE under its Reactor Pilot Program as developing the most powerful commercial reactor design. A commercial IMSR is one-sixth the size of a modern light water reactor. Within the DOE reactor program, its power capacity, however, is over 100 times that of the program's many micro-reactors. Our work with the Department of Energy has been structured to support the commercial development of our IMSR plant, a 390 MW electric facility.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Turning to Project TETRA. Over the quarter, we have finalized an agreement with Idaho National Laboratory and commenced work on the fuel production processes designed to support fuel supply for Project TETRA, and then develop and scale to achieve commercial IMSR fuel salt supply for a fleet of IMSR plants. We again emphasize that our commercial IMSR plant has been designed to use nuclear fuel with low-enriched uranium, enriched to no more than 5%. This is the long-established standard for civilian reactor fuel.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

The IMSR plant does not require any HALEU, and to deploy plants at fleet scale, it avoids reliance on a new uranium enrichment supply chain. Consequently, we have a far shorter, lower-cost, and lower-risk path to fuel supply at fleet scale. This is an important differentiator that we presented in detail during our second quarter earnings call. It continues to be a competitive advantage as we work to win the race to fleet deployment in the 2030s. As our progress with these two projects accelerates, we'll be announcing further developments on Projects TETRA and TEFLA.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

I would like now to turn to an important developing market opportunity for the IMSR plant, and which I mentioned at the beginning of this call, the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge. Participants in the AI market are in a highly competitive race for market share, and given the nature of AI, that becomes a competitive race to power. We recognize that the default power solution in this race to power has been combined-cycle natural gas plants. However, such is the pace of demand growth, combined-cycle natural gas plants are running into severe supply chain bottlenecks, and projects are experiencing large cost escalations.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

These plants require large gas turbines available from only a few worldwide manufacturers, and they have not been able to keep up with demand. The Electric Power Research Institute reports that the lead times for large new gas turbines have stretched to five or more years, with some quotes as long as seven years. The non-nuclear steam turbines, not gas, steam turbines, that the IMSR plant utilizes sit in a far broader manufacturing base, where they are largely avoiding such supply constraints and cost escalations.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

As a result, the IMSR plant design has the potential to offer a fast, practicable, competitive, and capital-efficient natural gas bridge by integrating nuclear and gas thermal energy supply into the operations of the IMSR plant. This provides power far earlier at a remarkably competitive cost. How do we do this? The IMSR Natural Gas Bridge is a simple and efficient extension of the standard IMSR plant design. This consists of the plant's nuclear facility and its discrete Thermal and Electric Facility.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

For the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge, the IMSR plant's Thermal and Electric Facility is designed to incorporate natural gas thermal energy supply into its steam supply systems via a molten salt heater. As the Thermal and Electric Facility is remote from nuclear systems, the subject of the NRC's formal response to our October Topical Report, the facility can be built quickly without an NRC Construction Permit or operating license, a big advantage. For the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge, the IMSR plant's Thermal and Electric Facility will be upgraded to include a natural gas heater to drive standard steam generators, steam turbines, and electric generators.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

When the thermal energy supply from nuclear systems is unavailable during construction of the IMSR nuclear facility and during its operating outages, natural gas combustion would be used to back up thermal energy supply, so maintaining operations. This arrangement is highly capital-efficient, as it integrates nuclear and natural gas thermal energy supply into one common train of steam supply, turbines, and generators. By avoiding today's gas turbine supply disruption, we anticipate that the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge can be operational within three to five years, faster than a combined-cycle natural gas plant, and years before completion of the IMSR nuclear facility.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

We believe with this framework, the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge becomes commercially relevant in today's race to power. For the customer, this means earlier power. For the project developer and plant owner, this is a shorter route to early revenue generation. For Terrestrial Energy, this would accelerate our order book for deployment of IMSR plants at fleet scale. Over the quarter, we worked with an external engineering firm, Hatch Limited, on cost and schedule estimates.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Their work has substantiated our projections of the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge being able to reduce time to power by two to three years compared to combined cycle natural gas plant, while being competitive on both capital costs and levelized cost of electricity. Subsequent to quarter end, we engaged Worley Limited, one of the world's largest engineering and project delivery firms in the energy sector, for preliminary thermal and process engineering of the IMSR salt heater and steam generator, including plant interface requirements.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

The combined work puts two of the most experienced engineering firms in the energy sector behind our plans to deploy the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge as the first step in IMSR plant commercial operation. on October the 8th, and with the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge in mind, we submitted the Thermal and Electric Facility Topical Report to the NRC. We asked the NRC to confirm that building the Thermal and Electric Facility is not nuclear construction. That determination would allow it to proceed as a conventional industrial project, built, financed, and placed into service before the IMSR nuclear facility is in operation.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

This is a big commercial advantage. We anticipate further announcements of the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge in future quarters. To close, in March, we set guidance for the year across the three pillars of business plan execution. In the third quarter, we delivered against it. We submitted our graphite Topical Report, initiated Zachry's engineering work at Texas A&M-RELLIS, and disclosed details of a third commercial IMSR plant project, Ameresco's project with the U.S. Army at the Aberdeen Proving Ground.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Since quarter end, with our Thermal and Electric Facility Topical Report, we have delivered on our guidance of at least three Topical Reports this year. With that, I will turn the call over to Brian Thrasher, our Chief Financial Officer, to review our financial results.

[Brian Thrasher, CFO at Terrestrial Energy]

Thank you, Simon, and good morning, everyone. Turning to the financials, and consistent with prior quarters, I will present on a sequential basis comparing to the second quarter of 2026. The theme continues to be disciplined spend aligned to our programs and a clean balance sheet. At quarter end, we held total cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $276.3 million. This compares to $283.4 million at the end of the second quarter. Cash burn for the quarter was $7.1 million, or approximately $2.4 million per month.

[Brian Thrasher, CFO at Terrestrial Energy]

This compares to cash burn of $6.4 million for the second quarter, approximately $2.2 million per month. The increase largely reflects higher research and development activity associated with fuel development and testing. We expect cash burn to increase in future quarters as we ramp project spending, including TETRA and TEFLA. I will now turn to operating expenses. Research and development expenses were up approximately $900,000 quarter-on-quarter, an increase driven by fuel testing and lease costs related to RELLIS.

[Brian Thrasher, CFO at Terrestrial Energy]

General and administrative expenses were up approximately $500,000 quarter-on-quarter. This increase was due to stock-based compensation from awards to new hires as the company grows its management resources and headcount. Turning to our capitalization table. The issued and outstanding share count was unchanged during the third quarter of 2026. The fully diluted share count increased by approximately 400,000 shares in the quarter due to equity awards granted to new hires.

[Brian Thrasher, CFO at Terrestrial Energy]

Subsequent to quarter end, our board authorized a share repurchase program of up to $25 million of our common stock. The program will be funded from existing cash on hand and reflects our confidence in the business and the strength of our balance sheet. In summary, cash and cash equivalents make up the vast majority of our assets. We have modest current liabilities and lease obligations combined with no debt. Our balance sheet remains simple and clean. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.

[Operator]

Thank you. If you'd like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. We ask that you each keep to one question and one follow-up. Thank you. Our first question comes from the line of Jeff Grampp with Northland Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

[Jeff Grampp, Analyst at Northland Capital Markets]

Hey, good morning. Simon, I wanted to dive into this IMSR Natural Gas Bridge concept that you spent some time on this morning. Any updates you can give on the commercial pipeline there? Do you see this being one of the more advanced opportunities within kind of the prospective customer base, given the potential to reduce those cycle times to first power, first steam? Just some expansion on the commercial opportunities out there. Thanks.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Thanks. Thanks for the question, Jeff. Well, the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge as a concept for Terrestrial Energy has been a part of. It's been part of our sort of engineering program for quite a few years. We are mentioning it today because we are promoting it, and we're promoting it because we think market circumstances are very well aligned to its actively seeking to use it in our IMSR plant design. If you recall, when we announced our relationship with Riot Platforms, and this is going back several months now, I think in the second quarter, we did talk about the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge in that press release.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

At that point in time, what we had not discussed is what that IMSR Natural Gas Bridge looked like. I think it's important for us to differentiate what we mean by IMSR Natural Gas Bridge against what others are doing under the broader banner of a natural gas bridge in the market. This is not using natural gas at the plant level, where in one corner of the plant you have a combined cycle natural gas, in the other corner of the plant you have the nuclear facility, and you say that is a natural gas bridge, where the point of intersection or integration of the two is the switchyard.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

That's not what we're doing. What we're doing is actually embracing the concept of what it means to integrate natural gas into a nuclear plant, and we're doing it in our Thermal and Electric Facility, and we're doing it within the molten salt loop. It's a very different concept, it's a very unique concept, and I think from a financial perspective, it has very, very compelling financial characteristics, particularly with respect to capital efficiency, because we're using the same train, the same train of steam generation, steam turbines, and generators into the switchyard.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

You're using the same amount, the same capital that you're deploying in the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge. You're using that equipment later when you bring the nuclear systems online.

[Jeff Grampp, Analyst at Northland Capital Markets]

Great. I appreciate those details, Simon. For my follow-up on TETRA and TEFLA, can you just give us some updates there on kind of next steps? It sounds like you guys are making some nice progress across supply, fuel components, et cetera. What's left to do to kind of progress those projects and break ground?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yeah. Jeff, for the very near future, you're going to see sort of more of the same. We did announce that the expansion of supply chain activities, suppliers, contractors, that has been going on in third quarter. There'll be extension of that into fourth quarter as well. You will see that extension fourth quarter and first quarter next year. We will be providing further updates on both projects.

[Jeff Grampp, Analyst at Northland Capital Markets]

All right. I'll stay tuned. I'll turn it back. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Craig Irwin with Roth Capital Partners. Please proceed with your question.

[Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. Simon, the announcement of your project award with Ameresco at the Aberdeen Proving Ground is an important milestone. It is something that helps all of us following the company, visibility on how the commercial plan is going to take shape. Can you maybe share with us the breadth of similar conversations you might be having with other players out there? Are we talking about a handful of players? Are we talking about maybe a dozen, a couple dozen?

[Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

And how would you categorize the level of maturity of these different conversations with this group of customers? Are these things that could result in announcements over the course of the next year?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Well, Craig, thanks for the question. We provided details of our pipeline of commercial opportunities, where we have a pipeline of 10 commercial opportunities, which represent active project discussions. We have, at the beginning of the year, provided guidance on how many we would expect given the progress of those discussions, and some of them framed as an MOU. We would provide details over the course of the year on those projects. At the beginning of the year, we said it would be one to three.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

We are at the moment at two, so two additional projects, provide further details on two additional projects. The first one was the details of our relationship with Riot, which was one of the 10, and we pulled the curtain on that in second quarter and provided further details on that. The additional one was quite recently, was the Ameresco project. You should continue to expect from us, with respect to our projects, to not only provide, over the coming quarters, not only provide details on how we are progressing with each individual project.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

You would also expect from us to provide details on what we are doing and the progress we are making with those other projects. At the moment, we have disclosed details of three of the 10, the general pipeline of 10, and as we go forward, you should expect to hear from us on the remaining, those additional projects.

[Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Understood. If we could talk a little bit more about Project TETRA. If you could clarify for us, I believe this is the project that will be the first that you energize, or at least not necessarily for electricity, the first full-fledged reactor. You've been very conservative about what you've said or disclosed publicly around plans for this reactor. I know that that's intentional, but is there a timeline that you can share with us where you would expect to share details on the project size, the selection of relevant partners on the project, and other sort of commercial parameters?

[Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

I would expect one would be that it would be a smaller-scale project, given the potential for it to be substantially less expensive than a full-scale plant. When do you expect to be able to maybe share some of these details with us?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Well, I did speak earlier about the progress we're making on the supply chain front, and we're still in commercial discussions with a number of key suppliers. Once those discussions have been finally concluded with contract, we will be able to provide details on the timeline for these projects. I will not at this point talk about timeline. I think we're moving quickly. We're moving in a satisfactory way. In terms of what TETRA actually is, it is a pilot plant, and it's a pilot plant that fits into a program of engineering and regulatory work, which is, Craig, it's 10 years old.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

I mean, we're not just pursuing in isolation a science experiment to make a reactor critical. That's not what we're doing. This sits within a structured engineering and regulatory program, which has already gone through the Canadian regulator, and we're using this OTA award process with the alternative authority that we're securing from the DOE to get this pilot reactor up super quickly. We're using that in, I think, a very intelligent way to collect the data that we need to collect, and it doesn't have to be a full-size reactor.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

I mean, the intelligent way of doing this is to realize what data you need to collect on a system that's representative of the main system, which is 195 MW electric, and that is what TETRA is about. As I said, it's not the single pursuit of the headline. From our end, there's far, far more to what TETRA and TEFLA is than that. It sits within a 10-year engineering and regulatory effort, and once we have just returned to the comment I made at the very start of my response, as we conclude our supply chain relationships, we're providing more detail on both projects.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Both of them are very important to the overall engineering and regulatory objectives of the company, certainly in 2027. We're looking forward to providing further updates in the coming quarters.

[Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners]

Excellent. Then last question, if I may. You've shared numbers around Project TETRA and Project TEFLA that are careful, right? You've not given the expectation of third-party financing, right? Government support is a potential opportunity, both at the state and federal level. Is there maybe an update there? Are you seeing more things available where you might be eligible for support that could defray the actual cash cost for customers? How do you see the potential there?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Well, and certainly projects TETRA and TEFLA, they fall under the category of non-recurring engineering effort. So, the base case is going to be funded off our balance sheet because they're not going to be commercial operations. Those two projects are not going to produce anything directly. They're not designed to be commercial operations. But nonetheless, we recognize that those two activities do position the projects as candidates for public sector funding.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

So, there are certainly possibilities for us to announce public sector funding support for one or both of those projects in 2027. So, from a funding perspective, that's the alternative from funding these two projects off our balance sheet.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rob Brown with Lake Street Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

[Rob Brown, Analyst at Lake Street Capital Markets]

Good morning. I wanted to loop back on the IMSR Natural Gas Bridge concept or plan. Just what are sort of the key milestones that you're looking for over the next, say, 12-18 months in the development of that? Do you need to develop supply chains for the salt loop, or just a sense of what are the milestones you're looking for?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yes, there will be some supply chain developments on the component supply chain developments on the salt loop side. We have, at this point, done a sufficient amount of work with Hatch and Worley to feel confident that we can discuss this more broadly. As I said earlier, we have mentioned it and commented on it for, I would say, a fair number of years now. But it is the work we have done with Hatch and Worley that give us the confidence to make this a topic of discussion on an earnings call. But we are continuing to do our engineering work, Rob.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

We are continuing to do our procurement work as well, and those two activities, I think, will point the direction to the announcements that we will be making in the coming quarters on this initiative.

[Rob Brown, Analyst at Lake Street Capital Markets]

Okay, great. And then, I think you have not given exact numbers, but you sort of said compelling kind of use case. But is it sort of an efficiency? How do you sort of think about the efficiency and some of the—

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yes.

[Rob Brown, Analyst at Lake Street Capital Markets]

Cost elements and—

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Well, yes.

[Rob Brown, Analyst at Lake Street Capital Markets]

Just what are the benefits?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yeah, from a qualitative perspective, we can offer something that is a very, very different system. When you look at the features of the system, you go, this system must surely be more capital efficient than any possible alternative system. So, it's steam turbine. It's not a nuclear steam turbine. Anything that's a nuclear steam turbine comes with a hefty cost premium. So for the start, we don't use an N-stamped steam turbine in our plant. That's whether we're using a natural gas bridge or not. We're using a steam turbine, not a combustion turbine.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

We can get better access from a supply perspective to steam turbines. That steam turbine is used for two systems. The natural gas thermal system drives it, and also the nuclear systems drive it. If you go back upstream, you have a steam generator. Again, the same statement, that's driven by those two systems. If you go back upstream, you have what drives the steam generator. You have a heat exchanger from nuclear systems, and you have a molten salt heater from natural gas systems.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

So, the ability for us to integrate really, really expensive components into one power train of components is, I think, quite unique. It does point in a compelling way to why this is going to be, we believe, a very, very efficient way of integrating natural gas and using it as a bridge to quick power, why this is such an exciting concept for a nuclear power plant.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alex Fuhrman with Lucid Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

[Alex Fuhrman, Analyst at Lucid Capital Markets]

Hey, guys. Thanks very much for taking my question, and congratulations on all the progress that you have been making on your initial project here. Wanted to ask about the recent $25 million share repurchase authorization. Obviously, you guys have a really big balance sheet. How do you consider and think about the trade-off between all the opportunities you are working on, moving towards commercialization, and the opportunity to buy back your own stock here at these levels?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yes. We have announced a program. Thank you, Alex Fuhrman. We have announced a program a couple of weeks back to repurchase $25 million of our stock, and that decision was taken because of the confidence we have in our business opportunities in 2027. Also, we have got a strong balance sheet position. I think we have got a, within the sector, I think we have got a notably strong balance sheet position. At this point in time, I think it signals a great deal about the prospects of our business in 2027.

[Alex Fuhrman, Analyst at Lucid Capital Markets]

Okay, that is really helpful. Then, obviously, your cash burn is going to accelerate at least a little bit as you get closer to commercialization and bring on some more hires. Can you just give us a rough way of kind of framing how many years of OpEx runway you have with your balance sheet, assuming you do use the full $25 million?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

I will just pass this to Brian Thrasher, our Chief Financial Officer, to respond.

[Brian Thrasher, CFO at Terrestrial Energy]

Thanks, Alex, for the question. We've not provided specific guidance in terms of how long the runway is at this point. We do expect that cash spend will increase as we invest in these projects, notably TETRA and TEFLA, in the coming quarters, but we've not provided specific guidance on the runway.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Seth Basham with Wedbush Securities. Please proceed with your question.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

Thanks a lot, and good morning.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Morning, Seth.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

Just back on the Natural Gas Bridge. You mentioned Hatch helped you estimate the LCOE coming out of that technology. Could you share some more information on what the LCOE looks like?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Not in a We haven't provided details, and for the moment, we're not prepared to provide guidance in a quantitative way. But Hatch's analysis certainly has given us confidence to say this is a powerfully competitive alternative, both in cost and schedule, to building a combined cycle natural gas plant and saying that's the way you run a Natural Gas Bridge.

[Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities]

All right. We'll await that in the future. As it relates to the Topical Report that you recently submitted to the NRC on the Thermal and Electric topic, when do you expect to hear back from the NRC on that, and when could we see that finalized?

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yes, Seth, the process for any Topical Report and any application into the NRC is that first it's docketed, and then once it's docketed, the NRC goes, Well, now it's docketed, then I'll undertake that. I'll work. I'm not prepared to provide that guidance at this point in time. We have recently submitted it. We do believe that the safety analysis is We're confident in the safety analysis we've undertaken, and we expect to be able to be pointing to the NRC's adjudication on this point in the near future. So, we think it's going to be a matter that the NRC can deal with on a timely basis.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

There's some precedent to this as well, Seth, because others have taken similar Topical Reports to the NRC, and as a proxy, you can see the timeframe that they were subject to from submission to NRC adjudication.

[Operator]

Thank you. Our final question this morning comes from the line of Derek Soderberg with Cantor Fitzgerald. Please proceed with your question.

[Derek Soderberg, Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald]

Yeah. Hey, guys. Thanks for taking the questions. I've got a question on the natural gas bridge as well. What do sort of lead times look like for sourcing the new natural gas kind of equipment? I was wondering if you could talk about that. Would you sort of be the entity that's funding or purchasing the natural gas equipment? I've got a follow-up.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

No. Derek, we would not anticipate that this initiative would displace the principal business model we're pursuing. So, you would have a project developer that would be doing the procurement and financing the procurement, financing construction, and they also wishing to own and operate the units. The engineering effort we've undertaken so far with Hatch and Worley has not extended to a full initiative to secure components at this point in time. But we do wish on this earnings call to point out that we are now focused on this initiative, and the results we've got back so far are very encouraging.

[Derek Soderberg, Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald]

Yeah, that's helpful. As my follow-up, just a quick update on the fuel piece. Was wondering, where's the fuel salt going to come from for TETRA? Just a quick update on just the TEFLA, when will sort of TEFLA produce kind of first fuel? Just kind of a quick update on that. Thanks.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Yes. I mean, Derek, this is the schedule question, and the schedule question, I think it's been raised already on the call. We are still in contractual negotiations with some of the key suppliers in these projects, and I don't wish to comment on schedule at this point in time until we have concluded those negotiations. But the fuel piece is one of those components.

[Operator]

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes our question-and-answer session. I'll turn the floor back to Mr. Irish for final comments.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Thank you. The objective of our business strategy is not the singular race to first plant, but to win the race to fleet deployment by delivering a commercially competitive nuclear solution that energy markets require and that can be adopted at fleet scale. The world needs new sources of clean, firm, affordable energy, and the IMSR plant is designed to supply that. The IMSR Natural Gas Bridge is one example of how we're working to help large energy customers overcome their supply challenges sooner.

[Simon Irish, CEO at Terrestrial Energy]

Quarter-on-quarter, the fundamentals supporting our business continue to strengthen, as they have done so for many years. We look forward to updating you on our progress next quarter. Thank you for joining us today.

[Operator]

Thank you. This concludes today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.

Participants

Executives

• Tyler Gronbach, VP of Investor Relations and Public Relations
• Simon Irish, CEO
• Brian Thrasher, CFO

Analysts

• Jeff Grampp, Analyst at Northland Capital Markets
• Craig Irwin, Analyst at Roth Capital Partners
• Rob Brown, Analyst at Lake Street Capital Markets
• Alex Fuhrman, Analyst at Lucid Capital Markets
• Seth Basham, Analyst at Wedbush Securities
• Derek Soderberg, Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald