Netflix Q1 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

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Provided by Quartr
April 17, 2025

Key Takeaways

  • Netflix clarifies that its internal target to double revenue and triple operating income by 2030 is a long-term aspiration, not a formal forecast, and highlights underpenetration in key markets with potential to grow engagement, revenue, and profit.
  • Q1 metrics show stable retention and engagement despite macroeconomic uncertainty, and the low-cost ad-supported plan starting at $7.99 is expected to enhance resilience and value for consumers.
  • Full-year 29% operating margin guidance is reaffirmed, with content and sales/marketing expenses set to ramp in Q3 and Q4 to support major title releases and ad sales initiatives.
  • Advertising revenue is projected to double in 2025, driven by the deployment of Netflix’s first-party ad tech platform, expanded targeting using unique Netflix data and third-party segments, and improved measurement and ad relevance capabilities.
  • Capital allocation remains focused on reinvesting for growth, maintaining liquidity, and returning excess cash via share repurchases, with an $8 billion free cash flow target for 2025.
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Earnings Conference Call
Netflix Q1 2025
00:00 / 00:00

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Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Good afternoon, and welcome to the Netflix Q1 2025 earnings interview. I'm Spencer Wang, VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development. Joining me today are Co-CEOs Ted Sarandos and Greg Peters, and CFO Spencer Neumann. As a reminder, we will be making forward-looking statements, and actual results may vary. We will now take questions from the analyst community, and we will begin first with our results, outlook, and forecast. Our first question comes from Robert Fishman of MoffettNathanson. Robert's question is, "The Wall Street Journal report this week discussed Netflix's internal goal of doubling revenue and tripling operating income by 2030. How should investors think about Netflix leaning into more content spending over the next five years?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

I'll take this, and thanks, Robert. Look, we have a unique culture, and part of it is this open information operating style, and it has served us very, very well. On rare and very disappointing occasions, our confidential and internal discussions can leak into the press. While we wouldn't normally comment about leaked internal information, we do want to be extra clear about this. We often have internal meetings, and we talk about long-term aspirations, but it's important to note that this is not the same as forecast. Our operating plans are the same as our external forecasting guidance. We don't have a five-year forecast or five-year guidance, but you can assume that we are long-range thinking and that we're working hard every day to build the most loved and valued entertainment company for all of our stakeholders.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Maybe to pivot the conversation to what we're happy to comment on and discuss in detail, you know, we do have big long-term aspirations, and those aspirations are really grounded in the potential for growth that we see in the business. Now, we think we got a pretty good business today, you know, over $40 billion in revenue. We've got over 300 million paid households. Those represent an audience of over 700 million individuals. We're leading in streaming view share, but we also think that we're a minority of our addressable market, our potential across any of those measures. You think about engagement, you know, we're less than 10% of TV hours. From an audience or a connected households perspective, we still got hundreds of millions of folks to sign up.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

From a revenue perspective, you know, we're about 6% of consumer spend and ad revenue in the countries we serve in the areas that we serve. We believe we've got plenty of room to grow our engagement, our revenue, and our profit. As Ted said, you know, do that to become the most valued and loved entertainment company for all of our stakeholders.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted and Greg. Our next question, or I should say we have received several questions, actually, understandably, about the economic environment and consumer sentiment as well. For example, Jason Helfstein from Oppenheimer asks, "This is the first time you are potentially entering a recession with a low-cost ad plan. How do you think about consumers' downgrading plans relative to the behavior you've seen in prior recessions?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, given that we've got a bunch of questions on sort of the general economic environment, maybe just start with some comments on that. We're paying close attention clearly to the consumer sentiment and where the broader economy is moving. Based on what we are seeing by actually operating the business right now, there's nothing really significant to note. What are we looking at? Primary metrics and indicators would be our retention that's stable and strong. We haven't seen any significant changes in plan mix or plan take rate to part of that question. Our most recent price changes have been in line with expectations. Engagement remains strong and healthy. Things generally look stable from that lens. Stepping back, we also take some comfort in the fact that entertainment historically has been pretty resilient in tougher economic times.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Netflix specifically also has been generally quite resilient, and we have not seen any major impacts during those tougher times, albeit, of course, over a much shorter history. To the point of the specific question, I think that having the low-cost ads plan in our largest markets also gives us more resilience. We think that we represent an incredible entertainment value starting at $7.99 in the U.S. and Canada with the ads plan. It is an accessible price point, and we really do expect the demand for entertainment to remain strong.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, and just to add to that, Greg, a bit, you know, we remain focused on the things that we can control, and improving the value of Netflix is the big one. Historically, in tougher economies, home entertainment value is really important to consumer households, and Netflix is a tremendous value in absolute terms and certainly in competitive terms. There are some international risks that folks talk about with what's happening now. I'd say, look, there always has been. We pay taxes and levies around the world consistent with all sorts of local regulations. There's always some of that that has existed, always has. What we're seeing today, we're not changing anything in the forecast. Kind of keep in mind that while the U.S. represents our largest spend for content and employees, production infrastructure, we produce original content in 50 countries around the world.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We're a net contributor to many of those economies and cultures. In our letter, we talked about our commitment to the U.K. We also recently announced a $1 billion commitment to production in Mexico. In 2023, we announced we were $2.5 billion and committed to Korean content in Korea. All of these are just examples of the global commitment. When we produce in these countries, we create and support employment and training. We work with local producers and local talent. We help export local stories and local cultures around the world. We even drive tourism. We believe we're additive to the local economies and the local cultures all around the world where we're working. Perhaps a little bit less exposed.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted. That sort of takes care of the question we got from Dan Salmon specifically on tariffs as well. I'll move us along to a question now from Rich Greenfield of LightShed Partners. Does your price increase cadence change due to the global economic uncertainty, or is that outweighed by the strength of your slate and increased time spent watching Netflix?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, it really links to how we think about price changes. As we've stated before, we really rely on our members to let us know when we've invested enough, grown the value in our offering, and then determine based on that when we adjust pricing to be able to reinvest back into our service. We're going to continue to follow that philosophy and that path rather than some predetermined plan. We've certainly seen periods of challenging economic conditions historically in different countries, and we've generally been able to keep that positive flywheel spinning even in those situations. I think that that speaks to the gap between value and price and that we are, for many people, a very good value, even as they're being careful about where they spend.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

have also been expanding that range of price points, including the low-priced ads plan in our ads market, which better allows us to offer the right plan at the right price to a wider range of consumers. That is all to say that we are proceeding largely as we have done in the past while continuing to work to improve both value and accessibility.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Great. Thanks, Greg. Our next question is from John Hodulik of UBS. How has member retention been trending given the Q4 strong paid net additions? Have you retained the bulk of these subscribers, and can you give us a sense of how churn has been trending?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, sure. Spencer, why don't I take that one? Give Greg and Ted a break for a sec. You know, as Greg mentioned, we're seeing strong, stable acquisition and retention trends in the business generally that resulted in healthy member growth in Q1. You know, last quarter, we did provide some color on the retention characteristics for some of those bigger live events in Q4. Recall we had the Paul Tyson fight, we had NFL on Christmas Day, and we also had Squid Game, which was an event in and of itself. We did mention at the time that those three big events were still a minority, a small minority of our net ads in Q4.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We also noted that the retention characteristics for the members that came in for those big events were similar to members that joined for other big titles, and that continues to be the case. You know, really no meaningful changes to our retention story, which, you know, no news on that front is good news from our perspective.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Spence. We have another question about our outlook and forecast from Michael Morris of Guggenheim. Given the strength in operating margins in the first half of the year, can you discuss the key incremental costs that will drive lower margins in the second half? Do you expect these costs to be more heavily weighted to the third quarter or the fourth quarter? Spence?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, I'll take it again. Okay, thanks, Michael. As you've seen in our letter, and as you mentioned, we're still forecasting 29%, 29% full-year margin, operating margin for the year. You know, we primarily manage to full-year margin. As you know, our margins bounce around a bit quarter to quarter. That's usually based on the timing of our content slate. That's the primary driver. That's what's reflected in our forecast. Content expense, we expect it'll grow and ramp in Q3 and Q4 on a year-over-year basis given the timing of our slate. We've got our biggest titles returning in the back half of the year. I'm sure Ted will talk to some of that later in the call. Also, typically in Q4, we have a heavier film slate.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We've also got sales and marketing expenses that we expect would ramp in the second half of the year, both to support the slate, but also, you know, ad sales, the go-to-market operations and our hitting and our marketing and sales line. That we're continuing to build out our sales operations and capabilities, and some of that is hitting there and growing in the back half. All of that is expected and reflected in our guidance. Other than, as I said, a little bit of a heavier slate typically on the film side in Q4, no meaningful differences between Q3 and Q4. You know, the one thing maybe I'll also just add, Spencer, is, you know, we obviously beat a bit in operating income in Q1, but at this point, most of that was, there's a little bit on the revenue side, mostly on the expense side.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

It looks to us that most of that was timing of spend, but still spend that we would expect to hit in the full year. There is still a long ways to go in the year, a good bit of macro uncertainty out there. This is still our best estimate for kind of outlook for the year.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Great. Thanks, Spence. I'll move us along now to a set of questions around advertising. From Dan Salmon of New Street Research, does the current macro environment change your approach to the television upfronts? Any broad thoughts on how you're approaching upfront versus the scatter market would be great.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Sure. Similar to commentary on the consumer sentiment, you know, we're keeping a close eye on the marketplace, but we aren't currently seeing any signs of softness from our direct interactions with buyers. Actually, to the opposite, we're seeing some positive indicators from clients as we approach our upfront event. I think worth noting perhaps that the fact that we're currently relatively small in ads, and that's sort of, you know, ads as a revenue contributor to Netflix, but probably more importantly, the amount of ad spend that we're seeking to win relative to the big ads pie, that smallness probably provides us some insulation to market shifts right now. We are, you know, rolling out our proprietary ad tech suite. We've rolled that out in Canada, the U.S. We've got our remaining 10 markets coming.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

That offers a bunch of new capabilities that advertisers have told us they want. We are just starting to sell into those new capabilities. That opens up new opportunities for us. It opens up new demand for us as well. I would say based on everything that we are seeing right now, we continue to expect that we will roughly double our advertising revenue in 2025 through a combination of both upfronts, programmatic expansion, and scatter.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Greg. That is a very good segue to our next question, which comes from Vikram of Baird. Could you provide an update on your first-party ad tech platform? How has the rollout in Canada performed relative to your expectations, and do you have any observations so far in the U.S.?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, it's a big milestone for us to roll out our own ad suite. We've been working on it for a while. We're still in the middle of that rollout, but our Canada and U.S. launches have gone well. They're consistent with our expectations. We're learning and improving quickly now based on the feedback we're getting from having those live and operating them. We will roll out across the remaining 10 ads markets in a few stages over the coming months. That is sort of all lined up and ready to go. The biggest initial benefit that we are seeing, again, as expected from being on our own ad server, is it just enables more flexibility for advertisers, more ways that they can buy. There's fewer activation hurdles. We have the ability to improve that overall buyer experience iteratively. It just makes it easier to transact with Netflix.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

That, of course, drives increased sales. We are seeing that. We expect over time that our first-party ad tech platform will allow us to do other things, deliver more critical capabilities more quickly to advertisers. These are things like more programmatic availability, something we definitely hear demand for, enhanced targeting, something we are excited about. We could leverage more data sources. Of course, something we hear all the time, more measurement and reporting capabilities. Those are all things that we have in work. Some of those have been delivered already in some of the territories, and those will come over time. The other big space of benefit by being on our own ad tech stack is it enables us to have more control to create a higher quality ad experience for our members.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

This is, you know, things that are really important, like increasing ad relevance, which is just good for everybody in the whole ecosystem. Just getting started, excited to get it out there. We got many years of building ahead of us, but we've got a clear roadmap. We know what we're committed to, and we'll just continue to iteratively improve and innovate in advertising just like you've seen us do in all sorts of other areas.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Greg. Speaking of ads relevance, Justin Patterson has a longer-term question on ads. Netflix has solved personalized content recommendations. What are the key steps to solving ad content recommendations or relevance? Which inning do you believe you're in?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Not sure I would characterize it as completely solved. We hope that we can be even better day to day in recommending the main titles. But we do have an ambition to achieve that same level of sophistication and maturity capability that we did on the personalized recommendations in the ad space. That means, you know, matching the right ad with the right audience, the right viewer, and the right title. We think putting those three things together drives superior campaign outcomes for advertisers. We think it's a better experience for members. It is win-win-win. You know, where are we at in that process? I would say that we are literally just beginning to get that going. The first stage of that is actually being on our own ads platform. We've launched that, as I said, in Canada, the U.S.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We've got the remaining markets coming over the next months to come. In doing that, during this time, we've been able to significantly already expand our targeting capabilities. That now includes targeting features that are based on Netflix unique data. Think life stage, interest, viewing mood. In the U.S., we've also recently enabled advertisers to do more significant targeting. This is targeting on their own onboarded audiences, targeting on Netflix modeled audiences, targeting against audience segments that are provided by a select set of third-party vendors. We've got a lot of exciting work going on in that space. Looking ahead, in 2026, we'll do more of that, more data targeting capabilities. We'll move more of that globally. A lot of things we do, we start in the United States and expand across more territories. You'll see that.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Of course, more measurement functionality in all markets. In 2027, when we get to look to specific focused investments at a higher order in data capabilities such as ML-based optimizations, we have advanced measurement, advanced targeting. We will be really opening a rich space there. Another big benefit we get on our own ad stack is we will be able to innovate and develop more quickly new ad formats. We have more spaces that we can, you know, point all of that improved targeting capability against.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Just getting started in this space, we've got a lot of work to do for sure, but we think we'll be able to move very quickly and frankly more quickly than other streamers because we believe we're going to be able to leverage not only pre-existing tech that we have, data that we have, but also data science expertise and the rapid product innovation experience that we've got.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Spencer, the inning analogy gives us a little more flexibility than crawl, walk, run, right? So when you walk through all that, it's nice to have all those innings ahead of us.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Nine options instead of three.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

That's right. Stepping up to the plate, starting to swing. That'd be where we're at.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Yeah. Thanks, Greg. I'll move us along to a series of content-related questions from analysts, beginning with Rich Greenfield from LightShed. There are four major sports properties available right now. How should we think about the strategic fit for Netflix in terms of, number one, the UFC, number two, WWE Premium Live Events, number three, F1, and number four, Major League Baseball?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Thanks, Rich. I do want to remind you that our live strategy is beyond just sports. I am not going to comment on any of those specific opportunities at this time. I will steer you back to the letter to show you that our live event strategy is unchanged and we remain really focused on the big breakthrough events. Our audiences love them. Anything we chase in the event space or the sports space is a deal that has to make economic sense as well. Live is a relatively small part of our content spend. We have about 200 billion view hours, so small relative to view hours too. That being said, all viewing is not equal. What we have seen with live is this very outsized positives around conversation and acquisition, and we suspect retention.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We're really excited to keep building on that. We have the Taylor Serrano fight in July. That's a rematch from when they fought the first time on the Tyson-Paul fight night. It was the most watched women's sporting event in U.S. history. There is a lot of excitement around that. The NFL, of course, is a great property, and we're happy to have the Christmas Day game. We opted into the second NFL game for Christmas Day. We'll be presenting all-day football again on December 25, 2025. Really exciting. Today, our live adventures have all been primarily in the U.S., but we intend to grow the capability to do it around the world in the years ahead. Very pleased with the progress so far and excited about the future for live sports and non-sports.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted. The next question is from Matt Thornton of FBN Securities. Do you think video podcasts could perform well as a category on Netflix?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We're constantly looking at all different types of content and content creators. The lines between podcast and talk shows are getting pretty blurry. We want to work with kind of great creators across all kinds of media that consumers love. And podcasts, to your point, have become a lot more video forward. Today, we actually produce a lot of podcasts ourselves as part of our kind of publicity and publishing efforts. Some are really show-specific, like Squid Game and The Diplomat. Some are genre-focused. Some are talent-focused. We have a great one called You Can't Make This Up, all about Netflix docs. They live everywhere podcasts live today. As the popularity of video podcasts grows, I suspect you'll see some of them find their way to Netflix.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted. From Rich Greenfield again, how do you create iconic animated franchises? What does it really take to build out culturally relevant animated IP? Is the answer a different team, acquisitions, or something else entirely?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Thanks, Rich. Keep in mind, we're relatively new at this, and it's a completely creative process. We've had some hits, and we've also had some misses, so we know we have work to do. I would point out that we've had some really nice hits with Leo, with Sea Beast, Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio, certainly Pinocchio even won the Oscar for us for Best Animated Feature Film. The other thing to keep in mind about why we're excited about this space, there's a lot of demand for animated film. In 2024, nine out of the top 10 most-streamed movies were animated features. Just like in our live-action strategy, we want to make some, we want to license some. We have more access today to license than we did when we began in-house animation.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We get to that now through output deals with Universal Illumination and with Sony. The animation team, Hannah and Dan, they're working really hard on a very promising slate of exclusive originals they're going to roll out through 2027, including one called In Your Dreams coming out in Q4, which is really fun, really entertaining, beautifully produced film that I think you're going to love. We got our work cut out for us, but it's a big prize.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted. Our next question comes from Robert Fishman of MoffettNathanson. As you think about the competitive landscape over the next five years, should investors expect Netflix to move into short-form or creator-led content to compete head-to-head with YouTube?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Sure, I'll kick this one off. I think just starting at the macro lens, we've always had very strong competitors, including YouTube, many others. We're all definitely competing hard for people's entertainment time. We absolutely have to earn every hour that we win. We don't take anything for granted. We don't get anything for free. We wake up every day eager to improve our service for our members and for members to be. We also think in that broadest competitive lens that the biggest opportunity we've got is actually going after the roughly 80% share of TV time that neither Netflix nor YouTube have today. We think of that as a real immediate opportunity.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

When it comes to the specific head-to-head competition with YouTube or other platforms like YouTube, we believe we are a more competitive, better service for a certain class of creators and certain types of storytelling. Most importantly in that is that we lead monetization for those kinds of titles. That means we can provide a better opportunity than YouTube or other services for those creators and those stories. Ted, maybe you want to comment on the creator and content type expansion.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, sure. You know, we're looking for the next generation of great creators, and we're looking everywhere. Not just in film schools and certainly not just in Hollywood. Creators today have tools that were unimaginable a decade ago, you know, to tell stories, to reach audience. You know, the question that's out there is, is it premium? Some of it is. We believe we have the best monetization model on the planet for premium storytelling. I think we can help those creators reach an audience. Our model can also support more ambitious efforts for them. Can help de-risk them, unlike the kind of typical UGC models. Look at folks like Ms. Rachel. She's been in the top 10 every week since she launched on Netflix. Kill Tony right now is killing it with our stand-up fans. We're working with Sidemen. We just launched Pop the Balloon.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

We think it's really exciting. When you put this all together, we believe it's the best place for premium content as defined by fans and the best home for storytellers wherever they're working on honing their skills today.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thank you. From Ben Swinburne of Morgan Stanley, we are starting to see some of the fear around AI and content creation subside and major directors like the Russos, James Cameron, et cetera, begin embracing the technology. What is Netflix doing to leverage AI for its creative partners? How meaningful can this be? Are there any examples that you can share?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Ben, there's a ton of excitement about what AI can do for content creators. I read the article too at Jim Cameron's head about, you know, making movies 50% cheaper. I remain convinced that there's an even bigger opportunity if you can make movies 10% better. Our talent today is using AI tools to do set references for previz, VFX sequence prep, shot planning, all kinds of things today that kind of make the process better. Traditionally, only, you know, big budget projects would have access to things like, you know, advanced visual effects such as de-aging. Today, you can use these AI-powered tools to enable smaller budget projects to have access to, you know, big VFX on screen. A recent example I think is really exciting, Rodrigo Prieto was the DP on The Irishman just five years ago.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

If you remember that movie, we were using very cutting-edge, very expensive de-aging technology that still had massive limitations, still created a bunch of complexity on set for the actors. It was a giant leap forward for sure, but nowhere near what we needed for that film. This year, just five years later, Rodrigo's directing his first feature film for us, Pedro Páramo in Mexico. Using AI-powered tools, he was able to deliver this de-aging VFX to the screen, you know, for a fraction of what it cost on The Irishman. In fact, the entire budget of the film was about the VFX cost on The Irishman. Same creator using new tools, new better tools to do something that would have been impossible to do just five years ago. That's incredibly exciting. Our focus is simple.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Find ways for AI to improve the member and the creator experience.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Ted. Our next question is from David Joyce of Seaport Research Partners. The question is, with so much content in your library, what can you do for discovery to help drive further engagement with the platform? Is there anything further structural you can do with the recommendation engine, or is it going to require more marketing?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, a fact that surprises many people is that even our most popular, most buzzy titles that you're hearing tons of conversation around, those still drive less than 1% of viewing. That discovery and recommendations capabilities are really critical to unlocking all the value from the investments that Bella's team is making around the world. We believe, and we continually see this in test results quarter after quarter, that there is more room to improve that discovery and recommendation experience and therefore provide more value for members and therefore find the biggest audiences around the world for our titles. To that end, some examples of this last year, we began testing a new, simpler, more intuitive TV homepage. This is something that we hadn't made big structural changes to in over a decade. We believe that that will significantly improve the discovery experience on Netflix.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We've been polishing and improving that experience based on the input we got from members who used it. We plan on rolling that out later this year. That's very exciting and a pretty significant structural shift that we anticipate will move things forward significantly. We're doing things at the other end of the spectrum too. We're also building out new capabilities. An example would be interactive search that's based on generative technologies. We expect that will improve that aspect of discovery for members. There are many, many specific improvements that we've got in works. A lot more to come in the space. Really, frankly, no foreseeable limit on those improvements in the years to come.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Great. Thanks, Greg. Michael Morris from Guggenheim has our next question. It's actually about extra member accounts. How has adoption of extra member accounts trended since launch? Can you share how this offer has contributed to revenue growth to date and whether you see it as additive to future growth?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We see extra member as a part of our plans and pricing model. It is an option that provides flexibility and choice for members. It allows them to tailor the Netflix offering to their needs. We know some members want to share Netflix with family or friends. An extra member gives them an easy way to do that. It is a lower-cost way to do that as well. We see good retention and engagement on that plan, which is really important to us and says it is a sort of healthy part of the offering. While we love it from a member convenience perspective, responding directly to the question, extra member is not a major driver for our business, and we expect it will remain relatively small in the foreseeable future.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Greg.

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

I just say to Greg's point, I agree with all that. It is, I think, part of the question. It is still growing, honestly, but it is healthy for all those reasons, but it is just not a big driver of the business.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Spencer, clarifying. Justin Patterson from KeyBanc with the next question. Alan, who leads our Netflix games business, spoke recently at the Games Developer Conference about making gaming more accessible and achieving mass market appeal. What types of games have resonated on Netflix so far, and where do you see opportunities to improve the user experience to drive even more engagement for games?

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yep. We have learned quite a bit. Made some decent progress since we launched games, but we continue to see this as a multi-year iterative journey, much like we've seen and you've seen from us when we launch a new content category or we launch a new country and we develop product-market fit and improve that over time. You asked what games have worked for us so far. You can see much of the answer to that question embedded in the genres that we're going after and focusing on right now. That starts with immersive narrative games based on our IP. Squid Game Unleashed is a really good example. We will have an update for that game with the latest season of Squid Game that's coming. More recently, Thronglets, which is our Black Mirror-based Tamagotchi-style game that has a dark twist in the end, very consistent with Black Mirror.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Another category that we're going after is mainstream established titles. This is Grand Theft Auto, which really worked for us, and you'll see us launch more titles like that in the future. There's also games for kids, you know, being able to give kids a game experience that's free of ads, it's free of any in-app purchases, you know, safe for parents with a subscription. We just announced Peppa Pig, Peppa Pig Game, which is coming soon. That's an example of that. The fourth category, which I would say we don't have a lot of data points demonstrated in yet, but we're excited about and we'll be delivering some to understand the space better, is socially engaging party games.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

Think about this as, you know, either an evolution of the family board game or an evolution of the game show on TV that becomes interactive in your living room. Lots of excitement there. You mentioned in terms of areas to improve, there are tons of areas to improve. Frankly, we can improve everything that we're doing from user experience and discovery and getting to play, but also just in having more compelling games. That's a real top priority for us at this point. Maybe just a few comments with regard to how we think about investment and growth in this space. We've always said that we were in this to win. We want to invest enough to ensure that we are playing to win.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We also are coming knowing that we've got a lot to learn, and we still have a lot to learn despite all that we've learned so far. We don't want to grow our investment too much until we iteratively develop high confidence that we know how to translate that investment into member value, like the increased retention we see when members play our games. Our investment by our scale is still relatively modest. It's a small fraction of our overall content budget. As we continue to see incremental proof points, we'll ramp up that investment in a measured way. We think this approach, this sort of measured growth and planned scarcity actually yields a better business in the long term. The long-term opportunity is large. It's about $140 billion in consumer spend ex-China, ex-Russia, not including ad revenue.

Greg Peters
Greg Peters
Co-CEO at Netflix

We believe in our top-level strategic thesis, and we continue to lean into that executional capability to incrementally unlock that potential.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Greg. I'm actually going to bring us back to a question on the results because we do have a late-breaking question from Steve Cahill of Wells Fargo. Can you unpack the key drivers of the expected UCAN revenue growth re-acceleration in Q2? Is it mainly pricing, or are there other aspects like advertising or subscriber growth? Maybe Spencer, you want to take a stab at that one?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, sure. So, you know, you saw in our report, our UCAN revenue growth was 9% year-over-year in Q1. That was deceleration from about 15% year-over-year in Q4. You know, the deceleration is, you know, mostly due to pricing timing. There is a little bit of a sequential quarter tough comparison because we also had the benefit of the NFL games and the advertising resulting from the NFL games in Q4, which also bumped it a bit. Think of it as we plan to re-accelerate again in Q2, and it is really getting the full quarter benefit year-over-year of pricing. And then also, you know, our ads is still a much smaller part of our business than subscription, but ads continues to kind of grow through the year.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Thanks, Spence. I will now close this out with our last question, which comes from Alan Gould of Loop Capital. His question is, you've been guiding to $8 billion of free cash flow in 2025, and one of your goals is to deliver growing free cash flow. You have historically not spent a lot on acquisitions. Should we assume most of the growing free cash flow is redeployed into share buybacks?

Ted Sarandos
Ted Sarandos
Co-CEO at Netflix

Yeah, thanks, Alan. There's no change to our capital allocation policy. It's been consistent for years now. We prioritize profitable growth by reinvesting in the business. We maintain ample liquidity. Those are key for us, our top two priorities. We return excess cash to shareholders through share repurchase beyond, you know, several billion dollars of minimum cash that we keep on the balance sheet. Anything we use for select M&A. That's kind of a long windup to the answer is yes. In the absence of any meaningful M&A, not MBA, any meaningful M&A, you know, we would expect that our growing free cash flow will be redeployed to share repurchase.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Excellent. Before we close, first, thank you all for joining us. I would like to take a moment to recognize and to thank Tim Haley for, after more than 27 years on our board of directors, he has elected to not stand for reelection. For all of those 27 years, Tim Haley has been on this journey with us. His counsel and leadership has been a really valued part of our success. I'd like to say a special thank you to Tim for his long service and his many contributions to the Netflix board of directors. Let me say also, as someone who's benefited greatly from our time with Tim and has been there with him for most of those years, that through so much change and so much growth, Tim has always offered sage advice and counsel and is an important part of the history of Netflix.

Spencer Wang
Spencer Wang
VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development at Netflix

Tim has helped shape Netflix into the company that it is today. Many thanks to Tim, and thank you very much for joining us.

Executives
    • Greg Peters
      Greg Peters
      Co-CEO
    • Spencer Wang
      Spencer Wang
      VP of Finance, IR, and Corporate Development
    • Ted Sarandos
      Ted Sarandos
      Co-CEO
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