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Duolingo (DUOL) Financials

Duolingo logo
$525.73 +5.50 (+1.06%)
As of 05/20/2025 04:00 PM Eastern
Annual Income Statements for Duolingo

Annual Income Statements for Duolingo

This table shows Duolingo's income and expenses over time, based on annual financial data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
Period end date 12/31/2024 12/31/2023 12/31/2022 12/31/2021 12/31/2020
Net Income / (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders
89 16 -60 -60 -16
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss)
89 16 -60 -60 -16
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations
89 16 -60 -60 -16
Total Pre-Tax Income
102 18 -59 -60 -16
Total Operating Income
63 -13 -65 -60 -16
Total Gross Profit
544 389 270 182 116
Total Revenue
748 531 369 251 162
Operating Revenue
748 531 369 251 162
Total Cost of Revenue
204 142 99 69 46
Operating Cost of Revenue
204 142 99 69 46
Total Operating Expenses
482 402 335 242 132
Selling, General & Admin Expense
160 133 119 79 44
Marketing Expense
90 76 67 59 35
Research & Development Expense
235 194 150 104 53
Other Operating Expenses / (Income)
-1.27 -0.59 -0.13 -0.32 -0.16
Total Other Income / (Expense), net
40 31 6.56 0.05 0.30
Interest & Investment Income
43 31 7.24 0.02 0.23
Other Income / (Expense), net
-2.99 -0.06 -0.68 0.03 0.07
Income Tax Expense
14 1.71 0.94 0.18 0.07
Basic Earnings per Share
$2.04 $0.39 ($1.51) ($2.57) ($1.24)
Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M -
Diluted Earnings per Share
$1.88 $0.35 ($1.51) ($2.57) ($1.24)
Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M -
Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M -

Quarterly Income Statements for Duolingo

This table shows Duolingo's income and expenses over time, based on quarterly financial data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024 Q4 2023 Q3 2023 Q2 2023 Q1 2023 Q4 2022 Q3 2022
Period end date 3/31/2025 12/31/2024 9/30/2024 6/30/2024 3/31/2024 12/31/2023 9/30/2023 6/30/2023 3/31/2023 12/31/2022 9/30/2022
Net Income / (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders
35 14 23 24 27 12 2.81 3.73 -2.58 -14 -18
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss)
35 14 23 24 27 12 2.81 3.73 -2.58 -14 -18
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations
35 14 23 24 27 12 2.81 3.73 -2.58 -14 -18
Total Pre-Tax Income
35 22 25 29 26 15 2.93 2.41 -2.70 -13 -18
Total Operating Income
24 14 14 19 16 4.80 -4.67 -4.87 -8.52 -18 -20
Total Gross Profit
164 151 140 131 122 110 101 93 84 76 70
Total Revenue
231 210 193 178 168 151 138 127 116 104 96
Operating Revenue
231 210 193 178 168 151 138 127 116 104 96
Total Cost of Revenue
67 59 52 47 45 41 36 34 31 28 26
Operating Cost of Revenue
67 59 52 47 45 41 36 34 31 28 26
Total Operating Expenses
141 137 127 112 106 106 106 98 93 94 90
Selling, General & Admin Expense
43 50 38 37 35 37 33 32 30 32 30
Marketing Expense
27 25 26 20 20 19 22 18 17 19 18
Research & Development Expense
70 66 63 55 51 50 50 48 46 44 42
Total Other Income / (Expense), net
11 8.47 12 10 9.41 10 7.60 7.28 5.82 4.94 1.77
Interest & Investment Income
10 11 11 11 10 9.28 8.63 7.54 5.64 4.27 2.26
Other Income / (Expense), net
1.00 -2.23 0.57 -0.71 -0.62 1.05 -1.02 -0.27 0.18 0.67 -0.49
Income Tax Expense
-0.13 8.45 2.03 4.36 -1.11 3.02 0.13 -1.32 -0.12 0.72 0.05
Basic Earnings per Share
$0.78 $0.32 $0.53 $0.56 $0.63 $0.29 $0.07 $0.09 ($0.06) ($0.36) ($0.46)
Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M
Diluted Earnings per Share
$0.72 $0.31 $0.49 $0.51 $0.57 $0.27 $0.06 $0.08 ($0.06) ($0.36) ($0.46)
Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M
Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M

Annual Cash Flow Statements for Duolingo

This table details how cash moves in and out of Duolingo's business through operations, investing, and financing, using annual figures. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
Period end date 12/31/2024 12/31/2023 12/31/2022 12/31/2021 12/31/2020
Net Change in Cash & Equivalents
38 142 54 433 61
Net Cash From Operating Activities
286 154 54 9.17 18
Net Cash From Continuing Operating Activities
285 154 54 9.17 18
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations
89 16 -60 -60 -16
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss)
89 16 -60 -60 -16
Depreciation Expense
11 7.10 4.87 2.73 2.26
Amortization Expense
-0.55 0.00 0.00 - -
Non-Cash Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income
110 96 74 41 17
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, net
76 35 35 26 14
Net Cash From Investing Activities
-217 -14 -14 -6.21 -4.01
Net Cash From Continuing Investing Activities
-217 -14 -14 -6.21 -4.01
Purchase of Property, Plant & Equipment
-12 -3.19 -5.56 -3.59 -3.38
Acquisitions
-6.60 0.00 -4.05 0.00 0.00
Purchase of Investments
-193 0.00 0.00 - -
Sale of Property, Plant & Equipment
0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 -
Sale and/or Maturity of Investments
3.71 0.00 0.00 - -
Other Investing Activities, net
-9.02 -10 -4.56 -2.62 -0.64
Net Cash From Financing Activities
-30 2.14 15 430 47
Net Cash From Continuing Financing Activities
-30 2.14 15 430 47
Other Financing Activities, net
-30 2.14 15 12 2.03
Cash Income Taxes Paid
7.62 2.32 0.62 0.13 0.00

Quarterly Cash Flow Statements for Duolingo

This table details how cash moves in and out of Duolingo's business through operations, investing, and financing, using quarterly figures. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024 Q4 2023 Q3 2023 Q2 2023 Q1 2023 Q4 2022 Q3 2022
Period end date 3/31/2025 12/31/2024 9/30/2024 6/30/2024 3/31/2024 12/31/2023 9/30/2023 6/30/2023 3/31/2023 12/31/2022 9/30/2022
Net Change in Cash & Equivalents
98 -69 -34 59 82 49 23 38 33 8.21 8.81
Net Cash From Operating Activities
106 83 56 62 84 49 38 37 30 12 8.76
Net Cash From Continuing Operating Activities
106 83 56 62 84 49 38 37 30 12 8.76
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations
35 14 23 24 27 12 2.81 3.73 -2.58 -14 -18
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss)
35 14 23 24 27 12 2.81 3.73 -2.58 -14 -18
Depreciation Expense
3.59 3.66 2.88 2.24 2.07 2.04 1.66 1.63 1.76 1.44 1.48
Amortization Expense
-0.55 -0.54 - - - - - - - - -
Non-Cash Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income
31 30 29 27 25 25 26 24 21 21 20
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, net
36 36 1.08 9.05 29 10 7.34 8.09 9.45 3.46 5.23
Net Cash From Investing Activities
-11 -110 -93 -8.66 -5.02 -4.15 -4.75 -3.37 -1.31 -4.95 -3.52
Net Cash From Continuing Investing Activities
-11 -110 -93 -8.66 -5.02 -4.15 -4.75 -3.37 -1.31 -4.95 -3.52
Purchase of Property, Plant & Equipment
-1.31 -1.96 -3.18 -5.56 -1.41 -0.92 -0.76 -0.83 -0.68 -0.29 -2.08
Purchase of Investments
-27 -112 - - - - - - - - -
Sale and/or Maturity of Investments
19 - - - - - - - - - -
Other Investing Activities, net
-1.31 -0.48 -1.85 -3.09 -3.61 -3.22 -3.99 -2.54 -0.73 -0.60 -1.44
Net Cash From Financing Activities
3.12 -42 3.19 4.80 3.61 3.56 -9.83 3.78 4.62 1.55 3.56
Net Cash From Continuing Financing Activities
3.12 -42 3.19 4.80 3.61 3.56 -9.83 3.78 4.62 1.55 3.56
Other Financing Activities, net
3.12 -42 3.19 4.80 3.61 3.56 -9.83 3.78 4.62 1.55 3.56
Cash Income Taxes Paid
0.09 0.82 1.87 4.93 0.00 0.13 0.26 1.91 0.03 0.01 -

Annual Balance Sheets for Duolingo

This table presents Duolingo's assets and liabilities at the end of each period, using annual balance sheet data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
Period end date 12/31/2024 12/31/2023 12/31/2022 12/31/2021 12/31/2020
Total Assets
1,302 954 747 661 176
Total Current Assets
1,102 898 697 619 158
Cash & Equivalents
786 748 608 554 120
Short-Term Investments
92 0.00 - - -
Accounts Receivable
129 89 47 33 20
Prepaid Expenses
15 7.28 7.23 7.97 3.86
Other Current Assets
80 54 35 24 14
Plant, Property, & Equipment, net
19 12 13 8.21 6.43
Total Noncurrent Assets
181 44 37 34 11
Long-Term Investments
98 0.00 - - -
Goodwill
11 4.05 4.05 0.00 -
Intangible Assets
20 16 8.50 4.57 2.30
Noncurrent Deferred & Refundable Income Taxes
0.68 0.77 0.63 0.00 -
Other Noncurrent Operating Assets
52 24 24 29 8.64
Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity
1,302 954 747 661 176
Total Liabilities
477 298 205 148 74
Total Current Liabilities
422 277 182 119 66
Accounts Payable
6.38 2.45 1.18 7.82 2.20
Accrued Expenses
36 25 22 13 8.63
Current Deferred Revenue
373 249 158 98 55
Current Deferred & Payable Income Tax Liabilities
6.59 0.79 1.07 0.11 0.07
Total Noncurrent Liabilities
55 21 24 29 8.13
Noncurrent Deferred & Payable Income Tax Liabilities
0.29 0.00 - - -
Other Noncurrent Operating Liabilities
55 21 24 29 8.13
Commitments & Contingencies
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Equity & Noncontrolling Interests
825 656 542 513 -81
Total Preferred & Common Equity
825 656 542 513 -81
Total Common Equity
825 656 542 513 -81
Common Stock
950 870 773 684 30
Retained Earnings
-126 -214 -230 -171 -111

Quarterly Balance Sheets for Duolingo

This table presents Duolingo's assets and liabilities at the end of each period, using quarterly balance sheet data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.

Metric Q1 2025 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024 Q3 2023 Q2 2023 Q1 2023 Q3 2022
Period end date 3/31/2025 9/30/2024 6/30/2024 3/31/2024 9/30/2023 6/30/2023 3/31/2023 9/30/2022
Total Assets
1,403 1,220 1,139 1,069 871 835 790 714
Total Current Assets
1,220 1,058 1,042 977 819 785 741 668
Cash & Equivalents
884 854 888 830 702 679 641 600
Short-Term Investments
115 26 - - - - - -
Accounts Receivable
114 94 78 76 62 53 53 30
Prepaid Expenses
17 16 12 11 9.53 7.79 7.50 7.91
Other Current Assets
90 67 63 60 46 43 40 30
Plant, Property, & Equipment, net
19 19 18 13 12 13 13 13
Total Noncurrent Assets
164 142 80 78 40 37 36 32
Long-Term Investments
83 55 - - - - - -
Goodwill
11 11 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 -
Intangible Assets
19 22 21 19 14 10 8.48 7.02
Noncurrent Deferred & Refundable Income Taxes
0.68 0.84 0.84 0.77 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.42
Other Noncurrent Operating Assets
51 53 54 55 21 22 23 25
Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity
1,403 1,220 1,139 1,069 871 835 790 714
Total Liabilities
509 397 372 358 256 238 225 180
Total Current Liabilities
454 342 318 304 235 217 203 156
Accounts Payable
2.55 3.65 3.41 2.63 2.71 2.31 0.99 3.36
Accrued Expenses
31 28 23 21 23 22 19 17
Current Deferred Revenue
415 311 291 279 209 193 182 135
Current Deferred & Payable Income Tax Liabilities
6.38 0.04 0.04 0.36 0.06 0.06 0.93 0.15
Total Noncurrent Liabilities
55 55 55 54 21 21 22 24
Noncurrent Deferred & Payable Income Tax Liabilities
0.30 0.31 - - - - - -
Other Noncurrent Operating Liabilities
55 55 55 54 21 21 22 24
Commitments & Contingencies
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Equity & Noncontrolling Interests
894 822 767 711 615 596 565 534
Total Preferred & Common Equity
894 822 767 711 615 596 565 534
Total Common Equity
894 822 767 711 615 596 565 534
Common Stock
985 962 930 899 841 826 798 750
Retained Earnings
-91 -140 -163 -187 -227 -229 -233 -217

Annual Metrics And Ratios for Duolingo

This table displays calculated financial ratios and metrics derived from Duolingo's official financial filings.

Metric 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
Period end date 12/31/2024 12/31/2023 12/31/2022 12/31/2021 12/31/2020
Growth Metrics
- - - - -
Revenue Growth
40.84% 43.74% 47.34% 55.09% 0.00%
EBITDA Growth
1,224.17% 89.81% -6.55% -318.41% 0.00%
EBIT Growth
547.72% 79.79% -9.83% -276.29% 0.00%
NOPAT Growth
552.23% 73.74% -8.65% -274.79% 0.00%
Net Income Growth
451.28% 126.97% 0.93% -281.18% 0.00%
EPS Growth
437.14% 123.18% 41.25% -107.26% 0.00%
Operating Cash Flow Growth
85.86% 186.29% 485.13% -48.22% 0.00%
Free Cash Flow Firm Growth
709.16% 168.74% -3.50% 0.00% 0.00%
Invested Capital Growth
-64.36% -39.34% -61.75% -120.04% 0.00%
Revenue Q/Q Growth
8.49% 9.75% 9.10% 0.00% 0.00%
EBITDA Q/Q Growth
10.90% 79.38% -1.20% 0.00% 0.00%
EBIT Q/Q Growth
10.79% 63.67% -2.19% 0.00% 0.00%
NOPAT Q/Q Growth
10.97% 52.72% -1.14% 0.00% 0.00%
Net Income Q/Q Growth
2.06% 260.99% 5.68% 0.00% 0.00%
EPS Q/Q Growth
2.17% 225.00% 10.65% 0.00% 0.00%
Operating Cash Flow Q/Q Growth
13.59% 32.39% 26.31% -26.16% 0.00%
Free Cash Flow Firm Q/Q Growth
50.18% 407.05% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Invested Capital Q/Q Growth
-33.22% -5.97% 0.06% 0.00% 0.00%
Profitability Metrics
- - - - -
Gross Margin
72.78% 73.24% 73.09% 72.41% 71.56%
EBITDA Margin
9.35% -1.17% -16.51% -22.83% -8.46%
Operating Margin
8.37% -2.50% -17.64% -23.93% -9.90%
EBIT Margin
7.97% -2.51% -17.83% -23.92% -9.86%
Profit (Net Income) Margin
11.84% 3.03% -16.12% -23.98% -9.76%
Tax Burden Percent
86.58% 90.38% 101.60% 100.30% 100.43%
Interest Burden Percent
171.63% -133.52% 89.02% 99.97% 98.55%
Effective Tax Rate
13.42% 9.62% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
ROIC Less NNEP Spread (ROIC-NNEP)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Net Nonoperating Assets (RNNOA)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Equity (ROE)
11.97% 2.68% -11.29% -19.56% -15.48%
Cash Return on Invested Capital (CROIC)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Operating Return on Assets (OROA)
5.29% -1.57% -9.35% -14.33% -9.07%
Return on Assets (ROA)
7.85% 1.89% -8.46% -14.37% -8.98%
Return on Common Equity (ROCE)
11.97% 2.68% -11.29% -13.75% 12.26%
Return on Equity Simple (ROE_SIMPLE)
10.74% 2.45% -10.99% -11.72% 19.55%
Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT)
54 -12 -46 -42 -11
NOPAT Margin
7.24% -2.26% -12.35% -16.75% -6.93%
Net Nonoperating Expense Percent (NNEP)
3.99% 4.14% -2.40% -5.38% -3.79%
Return On Investment Capital (ROIC_SIMPLE)
6.57% -1.83% -8.42% - -
Cost of Revenue to Revenue
27.22% 26.76% 26.91% 27.59% 28.44%
SG&A Expenses to Revenue
21.42% 25.00% 32.11% 31.45% 27.09%
R&D to Revenue
31.46% 36.59% 40.72% 41.41% 32.79%
Operating Expenses to Revenue
64.41% 75.74% 90.73% 96.34% 81.46%
Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)
60 -13 -66 -60 -16
Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
70 -6.22 -61 -57 -14
Valuation Ratios
- - - - -
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
17.30 14.54 5.27 7.75 0.00
Price to Tangible Book Value (P/TBV)
17.96 15.00 5.40 7.82 0.00
Price to Revenue (P/Rev)
19.07 17.95 7.73 15.86 3.22
Price to Earnings (P/E)
161.01 593.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dividend Yield
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Earnings Yield
0.62% 0.17% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Enterprise Value to Invested Capital (EV/IC)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to Revenue (EV/Rev)
17.76 16.54 6.09 13.65 3.61
Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
190.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to EBIT (EV/EBIT)
222.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to NOPAT (EV/NOPAT)
245.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to Operating Cash Flow (EV/OCF)
46.53 57.18 41.92 373.20 32.92
Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCFF)
117.08 626.33 0.00 0.00 0.00
Leverage & Solvency
- - - - -
Debt to Equity
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to Equity
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Financial Leverage
-1.16 -1.13 -1.10 -1.10 -1.18
Leverage Ratio
1.52 1.42 1.34 1.36 1.72
Compound Leverage Factor
2.62 -1.90 1.19 1.36 1.70
Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Short-Term Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Long-Term Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Preferred Equity to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Noncontrolling Interests to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 179.17%
Common Equity to Total Capital
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% -79.17%
Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Altman Z-Score
19.15 20.14 8.95 16.72 4.60
Noncontrolling Interest Sharing Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 29.69% 179.17%
Liquidity Ratios
- - - - -
Current Ratio
2.61 3.24 3.84 5.20 2.41
Quick Ratio
2.38 3.02 3.60 4.93 2.15
Cash Flow Metrics
- - - - -
Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF)
113 14 -20 -20 0.00
Operating Cash Flow to CapEx
2,356.50% 4,969.72% 964.69% 255.72% 524.53%
Free Cash Flow to Firm to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Operating Cash Flow to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Operating Cash Flow Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Efficiency Ratios
- - - - -
Asset Turnover
0.66 0.62 0.52 0.60 0.92
Accounts Receivable Turnover
6.87 7.83 9.25 9.35 7.91
Inventory Turnover
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Fixed Asset Turnover
48.68 42.90 34.89 34.26 25.15
Accounts Payable Turnover
46.14 78.42 22.11 13.82 20.94
Days Sales Outstanding (DSO)
53.16 46.63 39.46 39.02 46.16
Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Days Payable Outstanding (DPO)
7.91 4.65 16.51 26.42 17.43
Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC)
45.25 41.98 22.95 12.60 28.73
Capital & Investment Metrics
- - - - -
Invested Capital
-151 -92 -66 -41 -19
Invested Capital Turnover
-6.14 -6.71 -6.91 -8.44 -8.71
Increase / (Decrease) in Invested Capital
-59 -26 -25 -22 0.00
Enterprise Value (EV)
13,285 8,783 2,249 3,422 583
Market Capitalization
14,261 9,531 2,857 3,976 521
Book Value per Share
$18.23 $15.60 $13.49 $13.69 ($15.80)
Tangible Book Value per Share
$17.55 $15.12 $13.18 $13.57 ($16.25)
Total Capital
825 656 542 513 102
Total Debt
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Long-Term Debt
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt
-976 -748 -608 -554 -120
Capital Expenditures (CapEx)
12 3.09 5.56 3.59 3.38
Debt-free, Cash-free Net Working Capital (DFCFNWC)
-198 -127 -93 -54 -28
Debt-free Net Working Capital (DFNWC)
679 620 515 500 93
Net Working Capital (NWC)
679 620 515 500 93
Net Nonoperating Expense (NNE)
-34 -28 14 18 4.57
Net Nonoperating Obligations (NNO)
-976 -748 -608 -554 -120
Total Depreciation and Amortization (D&A)
10 7.10 4.87 2.73 2.26
Debt-free, Cash-free Net Working Capital to Revenue
-26.51% -23.95% -25.11% -21.45% -17.19%
Debt-free Net Working Capital to Revenue
90.82% 116.82% 139.49% 199.44% 57.32%
Net Working Capital to Revenue
90.82% 116.82% 139.49% 199.44% 57.32%
Earnings Adjustments
- - - - -
Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share
$2.04 $0.39 ($1.51) ($2.57) $0.00
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M 0.00
Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share
$1.88 $0.35 ($1.51) ($2.57) $0.00
Adjusted Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M 0.00
Adjusted Basic & Diluted Earnings per Share
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.24M 42.88M 40.64M 38.63M 0.00
Normalized Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT)
54 -12 -46 -42 -11
Normalized NOPAT Margin
7.24% -2.26% -12.35% -16.75% -6.93%
Pre Tax Income Margin
13.68% 3.35% -15.87% -23.91% -9.71%
Debt Service Ratios
- - - - -
EBIT to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NOPAT to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
EBIT Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NOPAT Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Payout Ratios
- - - - -
Dividend Payout Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Augmented Payout Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% -1.44% 0.00%

Quarterly Metrics And Ratios for Duolingo

This table displays calculated financial ratios and metrics derived from Duolingo's official financial filings.

Metric Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024 Q4 2023 Q3 2023 Q2 2023 Q1 2023 Q4 2022 Q3 2022
Period end date 3/31/2025 12/31/2024 9/30/2024 6/30/2024 3/31/2024 12/31/2023 9/30/2023 6/30/2023 3/31/2023 12/31/2022 9/30/2022
Growth Metrics
- - - - - - - - - - -
Revenue Growth
37.71% 38.79% 39.94% 40.59% 44.87% 45.42% 43.26% 43.51% 42.40% 42.20% 51.06%
EBITDA Growth
54.45% 87.26% 521.68% 678.34% 372.12% 149.19% 78.95% 75.71% 42.25% 3.69% 31.99%
EBIT Growth
55.49% 99.26% 348.43% 450.54% 289.73% 133.45% 72.43% 67.04% 31.43% -0.41% 28.59%
NOPAT Growth
38.13% 124.96% 379.34% 310.90% 387.45% 130.22% 68.32% 28.55% 28.09% -4.23% 29.75%
Net Income Growth
30.34% 14.77% 732.21% 553.72% 1,144.00% 186.98% 115.22% 124.76% 78.76% 20.48% 36.33%
EPS Growth
26.32% 14.81% 716.67% 537.50% 1,050.00% 175.00% 113.04% 121.05% 80.65% 33.33% 53.06%
Operating Cash Flow Growth
26.48% 69.42% 49.45% 67.86% 182.10% 323.79% 329.84% 193.53% 43.52% 2,587.04% 94.17%
Free Cash Flow Firm Growth
56.62% 127.55% 140.46% 365.23% 349.61% 138.21% 22.43% -65.72% -72.43% 0.00% -28.47%
Invested Capital Growth
-59.11% -64.36% -30.74% -47.45% -56.33% -39.34% -31.41% -30.69% -34.06% -61.75% -70.87%
Revenue Q/Q Growth
10.11% 8.80% 8.00% 6.43% 10.97% 9.71% 8.50% 9.66% 11.40% 8.08% 8.69%
EBITDA Q/Q Growth
87.01% -13.17% -15.90% 13.10% 126.74% 295.52% -15.35% 46.78% 59.02% 16.31% -33.10%
EBIT Q/Q Growth
111.03% -17.59% -21.40% 13.75% 170.44% 202.74% -10.91% 38.43% 52.32% 15.33% -32.61%
NOPAT Q/Q Growth
174.15% -30.84% -21.25% -7.49% 346.47% 185.87% 40.54% -26.10% 53.07% 9.97% -34.11%
Net Income Q/Q Growth
152.64% -40.47% -4.07% -9.66% 122.46% 331.67% -24.64% 244.27% 81.46% 24.48% -22.60%
EPS Q/Q Growth
132.26% -36.73% -3.92% -10.53% 111.11% 350.00% -25.00% 233.33% 83.33% 21.74% -21.05%
Operating Cash Flow Q/Q Growth
26.74% 48.12% -9.81% -25.30% 69.77% 30.66% 1.30% 25.55% 155.03% 32.53% -30.82%
Free Cash Flow Firm Q/Q Growth
38.13% 73.21% -28.57% -8.36% 100.69% 83.04% 38.19% -11.43% 6.33% -5.92% -61.31%
Invested Capital Q/Q Growth
-24.71% -33.22% 6.31% -2.22% -28.83% -5.97% -5.66% -8.38% -14.83% 0.06% -5.08%
Profitability Metrics
- - - - - - - - - - -
Gross Margin
71.12% 71.88% 72.91% 73.45% 73.03% 73.13% 73.66% 73.36% 72.77% 73.25% 72.62%
EBITDA Margin
11.98% 7.05% 8.84% 11.35% 10.68% 5.23% -2.93% -2.76% -5.68% -15.45% -19.96%
Operating Margin
10.23% 6.62% 7.05% 10.49% 9.81% 3.18% -3.39% -3.84% -7.37% -17.48% -20.99%
EBIT Margin
10.66% 5.56% 7.34% 10.09% 9.44% 3.87% -4.14% -4.05% -7.21% -16.84% -21.50%
Profit (Net Income) Margin
15.23% 6.64% 12.13% 13.66% 16.09% 8.03% 2.04% 2.94% -2.23% -13.42% -19.20%
Tax Burden Percent
100.36% 62.22% 92.01% 84.81% 104.27% 80.07% 95.74% 154.56% 95.70% 105.42% 100.29%
Interest Burden Percent
142.35% 191.78% 179.52% 159.58% 163.43% 258.73% -51.50% -46.95% 32.36% 75.56% 89.06%
Effective Tax Rate
-0.36% 37.78% 7.99% 15.19% -4.27% 19.93% 4.26% -54.56% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
ROIC Less NNEP Spread (ROIC-NNEP)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Net Nonoperating Assets (RNNOA)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Return on Equity (ROE)
12.06% 11.97% 12.08% 9.72% 7.15% 2.68% -1.74% -5.55% -9.21% -11.29% -12.09%
Cash Return on Invested Capital (CROIC)
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Operating Return on Assets (OROA)
7.00% 3.69% 4.84% 6.49% 5.92% 2.42% -2.53% -2.33% -3.95% -8.84% -10.94%
Return on Assets (ROA)
9.99% 4.40% 8.00% 8.78% 10.09% 5.01% 1.25% 1.69% -1.22% -7.04% -9.77%
Return on Common Equity (ROCE)
12.06% 11.97% 12.08% 9.72% 7.15% 2.68% -1.74% -5.55% -9.21% -11.29% -12.09%
Return on Equity Simple (ROE_SIMPLE)
10.82% 0.00% 10.55% 8.64% 6.41% 0.00% -1.62% -5.24% -8.85% 0.00% -11.83%
Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT)
24 8.64 12 16 17 3.84 -4.47 -7.52 -5.96 -13 -14
NOPAT Margin
10.26% 4.12% 6.48% 8.89% 10.23% 2.54% -3.25% -5.93% -5.16% -12.24% -14.69%
Net Nonoperating Expense Percent (NNEP)
1.20% 0.61% 1.33% 1.08% 1.33% 1.22% 1.12% 1.77% 0.56% -0.21% -0.75%
Return On Investment Capital (ROIC_SIMPLE)
2.65% 1.05% - - - 0.59% - - - -2.34% -
Cost of Revenue to Revenue
28.88% 28.12% 27.09% 26.55% 26.97% 26.87% 26.34% 26.64% 27.23% 26.75% 27.38%
SG&A Expenses to Revenue
18.83% 23.76% 19.93% 20.72% 20.96% 24.43% 24.27% 25.41% 26.15% 30.35% 31.47%
R&D to Revenue
30.51% 31.68% 32.65% 30.92% 30.37% 33.29% 36.55% 37.80% 39.64% 42.83% 43.70%
Operating Expenses to Revenue
60.89% 65.26% 65.86% 62.96% 63.22% 69.95% 77.05% 77.20% 80.14% 90.74% 93.61%
Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)
25 12 14 18 16 5.85 -5.69 -5.13 -8.34 -17 -21
Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
28 15 17 20 18 7.89 -4.04 -3.50 -6.58 -16 -19
Valuation Ratios
- - - - - - - - - - -
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
15.72 17.30 14.93 11.73 13.30 14.54 11.21 9.84 10.25 5.27 7.07
Price to Tangible Book Value (P/TBV)
16.25 17.96 15.54 12.12 13.74 15.00 11.54 10.08 10.48 5.40 7.16
Price to Revenue (P/Rev)
17.32 19.07 17.81 14.18 16.22 17.95 14.24 13.26 14.34 7.73 11.14
Price to Earnings (P/E)
145.21 161.01 141.49 135.86 207.38 593.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dividend Yield
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Earnings Yield
0.69% 0.62% 0.71% 0.74% 0.48% 0.17% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Enterprise Value to Invested Capital (EV/IC)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to Revenue (EV/Rev)
15.98 17.76 16.45 12.78 14.80 16.54 12.79 11.73 12.76 6.09 9.37
Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
162.79 190.03 179.93 193.17 472.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to EBIT (EV/EBIT)
189.62 222.87 210.82 238.76 795.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to NOPAT (EV/NOPAT)
214.18 245.14 232.26 252.20 749.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Enterprise Value to Operating Cash Flow (EV/OCF)
42.15 46.53 45.13 34.85 41.58 57.18 53.33 59.55 82.28 41.92 74.73
Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCFF)
99.23 117.08 150.12 113.92 158.97 626.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Leverage & Solvency
- - - - - - - - - - -
Debt to Equity
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to Equity
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Financial Leverage
-1.19 -1.16 -1.14 -1.15 -1.15 -1.13 -1.13 -1.13 -1.12 -1.10 -1.10
Leverage Ratio
1.54 1.52 1.45 1.45 1.46 1.42 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.34 1.27
Compound Leverage Factor
2.19 2.92 2.61 2.31 2.38 3.68 -0.71 -0.64 0.44 1.01 1.14
Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Short-Term Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Long-Term Debt to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Preferred Equity to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Noncontrolling Interests to Total Capital
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Common Equity to Total Capital
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to EBITDA
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Long-Term Debt to NOPAT
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Altman Z-Score
17.75 19.03 19.70 15.66 16.97 20.20 17.13 15.71 16.32 9.16 13.41
Noncontrolling Interest Sharing Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Liquidity Ratios
- - - - - - - - - - -
Current Ratio
2.68 2.61 3.09 3.28 3.22 3.24 3.49 3.62 3.65 3.84 4.29
Quick Ratio
2.45 2.38 2.85 3.04 2.98 3.02 3.25 3.37 3.42 3.60 4.05
Cash Flow Metrics
- - - - - - - - - - -
Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF)
94 68 39 55 60 30 16 12 13 13 13
Operating Cash Flow to CapEx
8,069.60% 4,250.08% 1,770.52% 1,121.48% 5,906.22% 5,323.92% 4,960.47% 4,494.20% 5,095.35% 3,975.34% 421.31%
Free Cash Flow to Firm to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Operating Cash Flow to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Operating Cash Flow Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Efficiency Ratios
- - - - - - - - - - -
Asset Turnover
0.66 0.66 0.66 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.61 0.58 0.55 0.52 0.51
Accounts Receivable Turnover
8.51 6.87 8.84 9.68 9.04 7.83 10.53 10.84 9.96 9.25 13.30
Inventory Turnover
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Fixed Asset Turnover
50.12 48.68 43.77 41.05 44.76 42.90 38.41 34.13 34.98 34.89 31.95
Accounts Payable Turnover
87.06 46.14 58.26 59.32 86.29 78.42 42.57 62.67 72.86 22.11 15.18
Days Sales Outstanding (DSO)
42.88 53.16 41.27 37.72 40.36 46.63 34.66 33.67 36.63 39.46 27.45
Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Days Payable Outstanding (DPO)
4.19 7.91 6.27 6.15 4.23 4.65 8.57 5.82 5.01 16.51 24.05
Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC)
38.69 45.25 35.01 31.56 36.13 41.98 26.08 27.84 31.62 22.95 3.40
Capital & Investment Metrics
- - - - - - - - - - -
Invested Capital
-189 -151 -114 -121 -119 -92 -87 -82 -76 -66 -66
Invested Capital Turnover
-5.28 -6.14 -6.88 -6.23 -5.99 -6.71 -6.32 -6.09 -6.10 -6.91 -6.46
Increase / (Decrease) in Invested Capital
-70 -59 -27 -39 -43 -26 -21 -19 -19 -25 -27
Enterprise Value (EV)
12,967 13,285 11,343 8,110 8,628 8,783 6,188 5,189 5,153 2,249 3,175
Market Capitalization
14,050 14,261 12,279 8,998 9,458 9,531 6,890 5,868 5,794 2,857 3,775
Book Value per Share
$19.76 $18.23 $18.89 $17.79 $16.58 $15.60 $14.80 $14.53 $13.91 $13.49 $13.47
Tangible Book Value per Share
$19.11 $17.55 $18.15 $17.21 $16.06 $15.12 $14.37 $14.18 $13.60 $13.18 $13.29
Total Capital
894 825 822 767 711 656 615 596 565 542 534
Total Debt
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Long-Term Debt
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Debt
-1,083 -976 -936 -888 -830 -748 -702 -679 -641 -608 -600
Capital Expenditures (CapEx)
1.31 1.96 3.18 5.56 1.41 0.92 0.76 0.83 0.58 0.29 2.08
Debt-free, Cash-free Net Working Capital (DFCFNWC)
-234 -198 -164 -164 -156 -127 -118 -111 -103 -93 -87
Debt-free Net Working Capital (DFNWC)
765 679 716 724 674 620 584 568 538 515 513
Net Working Capital (NWC)
765 679 716 724 674 620 584 568 538 515 513
Net Nonoperating Expense (NNE)
-11 -5.27 -11 -8.49 -9.81 -8.28 -7.28 -11 -3.38 1.22 4.33
Net Nonoperating Obligations (NNO)
-1,083 -976 -936 -888 -830 -748 -702 -679 -641 -608 -600
Total Depreciation and Amortization (D&A)
3.04 3.12 2.88 2.24 2.07 2.04 1.66 1.63 1.76 1.44 1.48
Debt-free, Cash-free Net Working Capital to Revenue
-28.86% -26.51% -23.85% -25.91% -26.79% -23.95% -24.29% -25.05% -25.42% -25.11% -25.77%
Debt-free Net Working Capital to Revenue
94.32% 90.82% 103.89% 114.08% 115.53% 116.82% 120.71% 128.36% 133.29% 139.49% 151.38%
Net Working Capital to Revenue
94.32% 90.82% 103.89% 114.08% 115.53% 116.82% 120.71% 128.36% 133.29% 139.49% 151.38%
Earnings Adjustments
- - - - - - - - - - -
Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share
$0.78 $0.32 $0.53 $0.56 $0.63 $0.29 $0.07 $0.09 ($0.06) ($0.36) ($0.46)
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M
Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share
$0.72 $0.31 $0.49 $0.51 $0.57 $0.27 $0.06 $0.08 ($0.06) ($0.36) ($0.46)
Adjusted Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M
Adjusted Basic & Diluted Earnings per Share
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding
45.45M 45.24M 43.98M 43.54M 43.12M 42.88M 42.01M 41.54M 41.05M 40.64M 40.17M
Normalized Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT)
17 8.64 12 16 12 3.84 -4.47 -3.41 -5.96 -13 -14
Normalized NOPAT Margin
7.16% 4.12% 6.48% 8.89% 6.87% 2.54% -3.25% -2.68% -5.16% -12.24% -14.69%
Pre Tax Income Margin
15.17% 10.67% 13.18% 16.10% 15.43% 10.02% 2.13% 1.90% -2.33% -12.73% -19.15%
Debt Service Ratios
- - - - - - - - - - -
EBIT to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NOPAT to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
EBIT Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NOPAT Less CapEx to Interest Expense
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Payout Ratios
- - - - - - - - - - -
Dividend Payout Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Augmented Payout Ratio
0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Frequently Asked Questions About Duolingo's Financials

When does Duolingo's fiscal year end?

According to the most recent income statement we have on file, Duolingo's financial year ends in December. Their financial year 2024 ended on December 31, 2024.

How has Duolingo's net income changed over the last 4 years?

Duolingo's net income appears to be on a downward trend, with a most recent value of $88.57 million in 2024, falling from -$15.78 million in 2020. The previous period was $16.07 million in 2023. Find out what analysts predict for Duolingo in the coming months.

What is Duolingo's operating income?
Duolingo's total operating income in 2024 was $62.60 million, based on the following breakdown:
  • Total Gross Profit: $544.38 million
  • Total Operating Expenses: $481.78 million
How has Duolingo revenue changed over the last 4 years?

Over the last 4 years, Duolingo's total revenue changed from $161.70 million in 2020 to $748.02 million in 2024, a change of 362.6%.

How much debt does Duolingo have?

Duolingo's total liabilities were at $477.18 million at the end of 2024, a 59.9% increase from 2023, and a 546.4% increase since 2020.

How much cash does Duolingo have?

In the past 4 years, Duolingo's cash and equivalents has ranged from $120.49 million in 2020 to $785.79 million in 2024, and is currently $785.79 million as of their latest financial filing in 2024.

How has Duolingo's book value per share changed over the last 4 years?

Over the last 4 years, Duolingo's book value per share changed from -15.80 in 2020 to 18.23 in 2024, a change of -215.3%.



This page (NASDAQ:DUOL) was last updated on 5/21/2025 by MarketBeat.com Staff
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