Aya Gold & Silver Q4 2025 Earnings Report

Aya Gold & Silver EPS Results

• Actual EPS: C$0.16
• Consensus EPS: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• One Year Ago EPS: N/A

Aya Gold & Silver Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $100.86 million
• Expected Revenue: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Aya Gold & Silver Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q4 2025
• Date: 3/31/2026
• Time: Before Market Opens
• Conference Call Date: Tuesday, March 31, 2026
• Conference Call Time: 10:00AM ET

Aya Gold & Silver (TSE:AYA) Inc is engaged in acquisition, exploration, evaluation, and development of mining properties. The company and its subsidiaries are at the development stage for its Zgounder project and exploration and evaluation stage for projects in Morocco. Its other project includes Boumadine; Amizmiz; Azegour and others.

Aya Gold & Silver Q4 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Positive Sentiment: Record 2025 financials — revenue of $202M, net income of $46M (EPS ≈ $0.32), operating cash flow of $72M and $136M unrestricted cash at year-end.
• Positive Sentiment: Operational ramp-up at Zgounder — the mill averaged ~3,800 tpd (~40% above nameplate) with Q4 recoveries at ~91% and plant availability at 99%, enabling stockpile growth and steady throughput increases.
• Positive Sentiment: New Zgounder mine plan moves to bulk mining, targeting ~6M oz/year for 11 years with average cash cost ~$16.26/oz and AISC ≈ $19/oz, while 2026 guidance remains conservative (5.2–5.8M oz including Boumadine tailings).
• Positive Sentiment: Boumadine PEA upside — low initial CapEx (~$446M), strong economics in the PEA (pre-tax NPV ~$2.2B at $2,800 gold/$30 silver, IRR 69%), and material upside from much higher sulfur prices and improving concentrate payabilities (now >75%).
• Negative Sentiment: Cost and liquidity pressures — rising fuel and some consumable prices (fuel increases, cyanide/zinc exposure) could push cash costs higher despite grid-based power and inventories, plus $16M restricted cash on the EBRD facility and $15M drawn on a credit line affect near-term flexibility.

Presentation

[Operator]

Good morning, everyone. I will now turn the call over to Elizabeth Hamaue, Aya Gold & Silver's Director of Corporate and Financial Communication. Please go ahead.

[Elizabeth Hamaue, Director of Corporate and Financial Communication at Aya Gold & Silver]

Thank you, operator, and welcome everyone to Aya's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Earnings Conference Call. Here with me today, I have Benoit La Salle, President and CEO, Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, Chief Financial Officer, Elias Elias, Chief Legal and Sustainability Officer, Raphaël Beaudoin, Vice President of Operations, and David Lalonde, Vice President of Exploration. We will be referring to a presentation on this call, which is available via the webcast and is also posted on our website. We will be making forward-looking statements during the call. Please refer to our cautionary notes, included in the presentation, news release and MD&A, as well as the risk factors included in our AIF.

[Elizabeth Hamaue, Director of Corporate and Financial Communication at Aya Gold & Silver]

Technical information in this presentation has been reviewed and approved by Raphael Beaudoin, Aya's VP of Operations, and David Lalonde, Aya's VP of Exploration, both of whom are Aya's qualified persons as defined under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects. I would also like to remind everyone that our presentation will be followed by a Q&A session. With that, I would now like to turn the call over to Benoit La Salle. Benoit?

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Elizabeth, thank you. Welcome everybody to this Q4 2025 presentation and full year 2025 as well. I would like to remind everybody that for Aya, the year 2025 is a ramp-up year. That's when we started after the commissioning, which was in December of 2024. We did the commissioning of the new plant, and then we went into the ramp-up year. Obviously, each quarter saw some improvement. Today, we're pleased to report that the fourth quarter was an excellent quarter and that the year overall is finishing very, very strong. In the presentation that you have, I would ask you to go to page four, and you see here that we have record revenue, record net income and operating cash flow.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

For the year 2025, our revenues are at $202 million, always reporting in US dollars. $202 million compared to $39 million for the previous year. Our net income stands at $46 million after tax and compared to a loss of $26 million in 2024. I also would like to point out that the $46 million is after more than $14 million of stock-based compensation, which is our three-year option program for senior management, which is being expensed. When you look at it on a earnings per share basis, at $46 million after tax, it's an earnings per share of $0.32 or $0.33 per share.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

When you look at it on before stock-based compensation, you need to add $0.10 to the earnings per share basis. The cash flow is very strong. We had a cash flow of operating cash flow of $72 million compared to -$9 million on the previous year. We have a very strong position, and we're ending the year with a cash balance unrestricted of $136 million. To that, you need to include $16 million of restricted cash, which is in an account for EBRD, just as part of our long-term $100 million loan that we've obtained from EBRD for the construction of Zgounder. Globally, a very strong Q4 and a very strong year, knowing that it's a ramp-up year.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Moving to slide five, which is where the KPIs are, which I've been telling you about and how we manage, starting on the left-hand side on the mining tonnage. If you see in Q4, we've mined more tons than we've processed, which is a great sign, meaning that now the mine is putting through more ore than we need at the plant. Therefore, we are increasing our stockpiles. You recall that in Q1, Q2 and Q3, we were processing more than we were mining. Now, in Q4, we are mining more than we're processing. If you look at it on a yearly basis, you can see that we mine 1 million tons and we process 1.1 million tons.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

For the year, we did eat up a little bit of our run pad, but for the quarter, we have changed the trend and we're now building run pads, which is excellent. The total mining came 62% from the open pit. You know our goal is to be 70/30. We're getting there. But for the year 2025, we are at 62% from the open pit. The milling rate, which is in the middle on page five, is. You see the milling rate, how interesting it is? If you look at Q4 of last year, we were at 1,200 tons a day. You recall that historically we were at 700 tons a day. We were just commissioning the new plant.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

By the end of Q1, we were at 2,800 tons a day nameplate capacity. We were at nameplate capacity. You see Q2, we were at 3,000 tons a day. Q3, we were at 3,300. Now Q4, we're at 3,800 tons a day average. By one year of ramp up, we're 1,000 tons a day above the nameplate of 2,700. It's about 40% higher than nameplate. Exceptional plant, very well built. If you go to the right and you look at the recoveries and the availability, well, that tells you everything.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Not only are we operating 40% above nameplate, the recovery for the year is at 88.4%, but the recovery for Q4 is at 91%. Again, you recall that in Q1 2025, we had issues with the oxygen plant. The recoveries were in the low 80s. We told you we would fix that. It was under-designed during the construction and the planning. We corrected it. Now you have a recovery rate of 91.2 in Q4, which is exceptional. It's actually above the design. When we did the feasibility study, our average was supposed to be around 88, and now we're exceeding that by three to four points. Plant availability, you see it on the right-hand side of the slide, page five. Plant availability in Q4 is 99%. I don't think you can beat that.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

It's extremely high. For the year, we're at 96%. Obviously, it's a brand-new plant, so we, you know, we're comfortable with this. But all in all, what this is telling us is the plant is absolutely running well. It was built, you recall, a little bit under budget. We commissioned it on time. We ramped it up in one year or in three quarters, and now we're running above nameplate. It's a very robust plant that we have. We produced in Q4 1,547,000 ounces, some of which came from Boumadine, because you know that Boumadine, we're processing stockpile. Globally, it was a very strong quarter. Going to page six, I think that is the summary of our industry.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

On the left-hand side, you see it's all about now margin. It's all about margin. Q4 2024, the margin was at the time because we were in ramp up, so in commissioning even, so the margins were very, very small. Then you see to Q1, we get into a margin of $13. Q2, we have, well, $13 margin. Then in Q3, the margin becomes almost $20. Now the margin's $38 in Q4, and the margin for Q1, because, you know, we're now done Q1, we know that the average realized price for the period of Q1 is more like $80. We're about $20 above Q4. That is everything. This is what our industry is all about right now, is the margin. The margin is very high.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

It's something that, you know, helps us manage the mining, the grade, the cutoff, but also is showing us and it's creating a lot of liquidity. On the right-hand side of the slide, you see the revenue from Q1 at $34 million to all the way up to Q4 at $75 million. That Q4 at $75 million is based on a net realized silver price of $58. You can imagine that going forward, we are a believer in the silver price. I mean, it's just going to get better. If you look at the net income, Q1 in the ramp up, and I said that in the previous quarters, you know, how many times do you see net income in a ramp-up period?

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Net income of $7 million in Q1, of $9 million in Q2, $12 million in Q3, and $18 million in Q4. Very strong Q4 again, and with in Q4 with an earnings per share of $0.12 and for the year of $0.32. Again, and this is after $0.10 of stock-based compensation. Very strong quarter. The plant's running well. The profitability is there. The margins are there. And we have enough cash, and that what takes us to slide number seven, is we have a very strong balance sheet with $136 million in cash. In Q4 of this year, we generated before working cap $68 million of cash flow before working cap changes, $68 million. For Q4, it was $35 million. $68 million for the year, $35 million for the quarter.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

That pays for all of our expenses. You know, the CapEx, the capital expenditure for the year was $33 million. The exploration was $42 million. That's for 2025. Now, for 2026, capital and exploration are similar, a bit higher on exploration. But you can see that the cash flow generated covers more than the capital expenditure and the exploration expense. Very strong year again. The cash position unrestricted is at $136 million. We also have a little credit facility of $10 million available with EBRD, it's a $25 million. We did draw on $15 million on it just because we have it, and we did not want the credit facility to end, but we still have $10 million readily available. These are the results, but we're looking at the year 2025.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

We just talked about the financial results, the operation, the fact that the mine is producing more than what the mill needs. The mine's running well, the underground's running where we want it to be. The open pit is running where we want it to be. The open pit needs to increase a little bit its throughput, but we're exceeding what we need at the plant. What we did as well in 2025 was a new resource and reserve update at Zgounder. We reviewed the mine plan, we reviewed the geological model. We've, you know, changed the mining approach going from selective, very restrictive mining, where we would take the high-grade zone, and we went to more of a bulk mining scenario.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

The reason is because Zgounder is very, very unique geologically. It's not a vein system. You're not following a vein like most silver mines, where you mine what you see and you mine the vein, and you have most of the time silver, a little bit of gold, some have lead and zinc. Here, it's not the case. Here, this Zgounder mine is a loaf of bread. It's 200 m wide, it's 1.4 km long, it's 700 m deep, and it's mineralized. In there, you have some structures where the fluids went by, and those structures are extremely high grade. But globally, the envelope is mineralized. So we've changed the approach. We've reviewed what was there.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Of course, with the new silver price, it's extremely important to understand the geology because we do not want to leave behind pockets of 100 g per ton silver, though they're not in the model or they were deemed to be uneconomic four years ago. Today, this is absolutely economical. What we have is we now mine the entire structure. We have created stockpiles, so a lower grade stockpile between 40 g and 80 g, which is set aside for later. We have the regular stockpile, which we, you know, quantify. Of that, we have 250,000 ton on the regular stockpile.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

We follow the mining based on our mine model, but what we are mining is not, again, not a vein, but really a mineralized loaf of bread, which is, you know, we've gone from selective mining to bulk mining. Makes a big difference. You see it on page nine. On page nine, you have the new mine plan. The new mine plan accounts for 6 million ounces of production per year for 11 years. It has an average cash cost for the period of $16.26, an AISC of around $19. If you look at the mine plan in the 43-101 document, you see that for 2026, we're forecasting in that mine plan 5.8 million ounces per year with a cash cost of around $21.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

The reason is because of the strip, we're at the beginning of the open pit. We have a lot of strip. Strip ratio is between 13 and 15. We have a lot of strip, and hence, that increases the cash cost in the first few years, and the cash costs will reduce in the later years as the strip is going to be coming down seriously. Today's Zgounder is done. It's built, it's debugged, it's running smoothly. It has its own team. It's accountable, and it's predictable. It will be 6 million right now based on what we know in geology, because, of course, we're always looking for more. But with what we know, it's 6 million ounces per year for 11 years with an all-in, with a cash cost of $16.26.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Also this year, and going to page 10, this year being 2025, we've completed the PEA on Boumadine. Now that's been, you know, in the making for a couple of years. We've done a lot of drilling. We knew that this was a very robust project, and we did it on the 2024 resource, which was available at the beginning of 2025. We did a very thorough PEA with a lot of the work done to higher than a PEA level. What this is showing us, the highlight of the PEA is the low initial CapEx.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

That's the highlight of the PEA, $446 million of CapEx to build a company or a project that will be producing per year for the first five years, 400,000 ounces of gold equivalent or 37.5 million ounces of silver equivalent. Now, we're showing it to you on a one to five year basis because year six and after will be compensated by putting in the 2025 drill program, which was not put in at the time. We are doing this as we speak, and that will be ready for the end of June, beginning of July. That's going to change the mine plan, and it's going to change the production profile in the later years.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

based on the 2024 results. When you have a project using $2,800 gold and $30 silver, you have a project on a pre-tax basis that gives us $2.2 billion of net present value. It's got a CapEx efficiency ratio of five to one, CapEx to NPV, an internal rate of return of 69% and a payback of 1.3 years. That is using $2,800 gold and $30 silver. You can imagine that at the current price and with the production that's goin to be updated, this project is even more robust than what we're seeing. All of that for year one to five, the AISC on a gold equivalent production will be around $920.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Where do you have that kind of a project that can produce 400,000 ounces of gold equivalent on an AISC of low $900 and a CapEx of $446 million? Extremely unique, extremely rare in a great jurisdiction, and that's what Boumadine is all about. When we looked at Boumadine on page 11, it's a district scale project with low initial CapEx, extremely rare, extremely unique. It has a strong production profile with high-grade material. The mining permit is in hand. Strong economic base on production of three marketable concentrates. Now, that's very important. You have a lead concentrate, you have a zinc concentrate, and then you have a pyrite concentrate. Out of the three concentrates, we will recover silver and gold, silver, lead and zinc.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Now, the pyrite concentrate, which historically people thought was a problem, well, it's actually now an asset. Because following the war and following what's been happening in the Middle East, sulfur has gone from $100 a ton to $500 a ton and is expected to go as high as $800 a ton. Sulfur comes from the pyrite concentrate because we have sulfur in the pyrite concentrate. So the value of our concentrate has never been as good as it is right now and is expected to continue. So historically, when people were saying, "you know, projects like that are complicated," and all that, sure, if you have low-grade material, it can be more complicated.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

In this case, with a project where on a silver equivalent basis, you're at 450 g per ton or in a gold equivalent basis, you're almost 5 g per ton. You're in open pit situation and underground, and you have 45% sulfur in your pyrite concentrate. This is really a valuable concentrate. We're fast-tracking this. We're pushing now on the revised PEA, which to show you exactly how profitable this project is going to be once we've inputted the new resource reserve resource model and some of the new data that we have, especially on the marketing side of the concentrate. Again, to close the year 2025, we did a lot of drilling.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

As I always say, Aya is an exploration company, but it has, you know, one project in operation, one project in development, and we do a lot of drilling. At Zgounder this year, we completed 28,000 meters of drilling. The budget was 25,000. And the average cost per meter is $144. Extremely good cost. This is all core drilling. It's all diamond drilling. It's giving us a lot of information. We have many new targets. We have discovered extensions to the Zgounder main project, and we also have many new targets that we will be drilling this year. At Boumadine, we've drilled 150,000 m this year, this year being 2025. The target was 140,000 m. We exceeded the target.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Our cost of drilling is also similar at $144 a meter, diamond drilling. We have discovered extension to the zones, the three mineralized zones that we have, and we've also discovered new zones in the Boumadine complex. You know, Boumadine is a very large piece of land. It's a district. This year, we've added 10 new permits. We have a footprint that is in excess of 300 km2 under the exploration permit, and we have an additional 500 km under a reconnaissance permit, which is an exploration permit, but not yet turned into the exploration permit that gets transferred into a mining permit. It's different steps in how they approach exploration in Morocco.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

We have, we've had a fantastic year drilling almost 180,000 m in 2025 with beautiful results at Zgounder and at Boumadine. Moving just to the guidance. This is already public. We told you that this year we expect to produce between 6.2 and 6.8. We know that in the mine plan at Zgounder, it's based for 5.8 million. Again, just to be conservative, we've given a guidance of 5.2-5.8, and we've put in 1 million ounces silver equivalent at Boumadine, where we're treating tailings. The cash cost at Zgounder is as per the mine plan. Again, I would refer you to the 43-101 document, FS 2025, and Boumadine is at $10. That is extremely conservative.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

You'll see that in Q4, we were a lot lower than this. Sustaining and growth capital for the year is at $36 million, which is at Zgounder mainly to push the ramp down to the granite, to the contact of the granite, where we see high-grade mineralization. We're going to be pushing this all the way down. We will also be putting in an ore sorter, and we are working on increasing throughput capacity, though we are at 3,800. We're putting a little bit of work to bring our throughput capacity to exceed 4,000 tons per day. Very reasonable capital to be spent this year.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

The exploration program, of course, the $60 million exploration program, and that is mainly, you know, 200,000 meters at Boumadine, which we really hope to exceed. I have to say that as of now, we are ahead of schedule there on our drilling, and we will be drilling 20,000 m at Zgounder as well. Going forward for 2026, the guidance is straightforward. The costs are well under control as we are now, you know, in cruising speed at Zgounder. Just to close, what's the focus and where are we going? The focus is to accelerate Boumadine. We do not need debt financing. We don't need new equity financing. We can do Boumadine with our own cash.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

We totally have $130 million in cash. If everything stays where we are right now, we could be generating net-net of all expenses, $200 million this year. We can fast-track the feasibility study in which we are fast-tracking the feasibility study. All the work that needs to be done, every chapter in the feasibility study is being worked on right now. We will start the construction of every element that is completed in this feasibility study as quickly as possible. The drilling, as I've mentioned, is ongoing, at 180,000 m of infill drilling on the main structures, which is to convert inferred resource into measured and indicated. Regional is really depending on what we see and what we find, but currently budgeted at 20,000 m.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Again, this is completely open as we're drilling some very high priority targets on the Boumadine regional play. At Zgounder, we will continue to optimize mining operation. As I said, we want to increase the open pit a little bit more. We want to better control the grade in the open pit. We still need to work on that. Of all the KPIs, the only one left is to really control the grade in the open pit a little bit better. The underground is done. The throughput is done with the underground. We will continue to optimize mining operation. We have steady-state production. Of course, our goal is to take the 3,700 tons per day and push it up to 4,000 tons per day. We always look at other means to increase plant capacity.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

The story is very simple, is you have an asset that's in production, that's built, that's debugged, that has 100 million ounces of measured indicated resource, that will give you 6 million ounces a year at an AISC of $19, let's put it, 16 cash cost plus about three. Let's say $20. You have 6 million ounces with a $20 all-in cash costs or costs, not cash costs. With that, it generates enough money to build the second asset, which is currently in development, which is called Boumadine. Boumadine today stands at 450 million ounces of silver equivalent, but that is being updated because that did not take into account the 2025 drill results. That's being put in as we speak. We'll have the revised PEA available for you in a couple of months.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

On page 15 to the right, that to me is the future of Aya, is you look at Aya and what kind of strength it has. Well, it has a project that will produce 6 million ounces called Zgounder, and it has a second project, which is discovered geology done, metallurgy done, flow sheet done, water identified, power from the grid, people available. We're taking the same construction team. Many suppliers are the same. And that project, once built, will produce 37 million ounces per year of silver equivalent. So as a company, we will be approximately 43 million ounces silver equivalent as a company. So when you look at this and you compare this level to others, we're clearly the up-and-coming silver producer with these two assets, not taking into account Zgounder regional, Boumadine regional, and the other assets that we have.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Going to page 16 to close. As I always say, to be successful, you need three things, and these are the three, the ends of each of the triangle: you need geology, which we have in Morocco. You need jurisdiction, which we have in Morocco, because it is absolutely one of the best jurisdictions in the world. You need the people that have done it, that have built mines, have developed mines, have made discoveries, and we have that. If you have geology, you have jurisdiction, you have people, and you are disciplined in not issuing too many shares, this is the success to have the best return on equity, meaning you have strong production, and we have here. If you look at our triangle, geology is at the top.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Strong growth profile, absolutely, moving from 6 million ounces to 43 million ounces of silver equivalent. Core asset strength. We have two districts, and we're adding more districts to the story as we're putting in more permits. Exploration track record, I think we have the best in the industry, having discovered 550 million ounces of silver equivalent in the last five years. You have a tight capital structure with only 141 million shares outstanding. No need to increase that number. We have cash in the bank. We're generating cash, and we're building a tier one asset, which is Boumadine, that will add 37 million ounces of silver equivalent as soon as it's ready to get into production.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

When you look at this triangle, this is, you know, why you want to be with us in Aya, because you have the three elements that really create success. This completes the formal part of the presentation. I will now, operator, open it up for questions.

[Operator]

Our first question comes from the line of Justin Chan of SCP Resource Finance. Please go ahead.

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

Hi, Benoit, Raphael, Ugo, and team. Congrats on a big year. My first question is just, you touched on sulfur today. I was just curious, I guess maybe both, on both the positive and negative aspects of current events. Could you talk us through, are you seeing any changes in terms of fuel pricing? I guess, how do you plan ahead for that this year? Then on sulfur, for the updated PEA, could you give us a sense of how the payabilities might look? I realize, like, today's terms might not be what you've modeled long term, but I'm just curious if you can kind of give us a quantum on the payabilities from the prior PEA.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Yeah. Thanks, Justin. It's a very, very good question and very current question. We're on that on a regular basis. I'll turn this over to Ugo, and Ugo and Raphaël are managing that part of, you can imagine, of the PEA. Ugo, do you want to go ahead?

[Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, CFO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Yeah. On sulfur, there's a few things. Obviously, sulfur pricing has gone from $150 when we did our PEA to close to $700 today. And also gold and silver prices have significantly increased since our PEA. The second thing is that because we're selling our tailings, we also have a much better idea of the market. We actually have some guys in China right now, meeting with some of our clients, and so we expect that the payables that we have in our PEA to go up pretty substantially. Will we get paid for sulfur?

[Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, CFO at Aya Gold & Silver]

I don't think we're going to have that as a base case in our update, but we are looking at some stuff in Morocco. We do have one of the largest purchasers of sulfur in the world in the OCP, and with current price environments, obviously, us exporting a pyrite, which is very high sulfur content, I think they'd like to have some of that. We're looking at that as well, but I think that's going to be a kind of a separate thing from the main project.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Justin, just in the PEA, the payability was established at 73%. Since then, they had revised their offer to 75% payability, and there's no long-term agreement yet signed because they're indicating to us that, you know, this will also improve, as Ugo said, considerably. We're keeping all of the options open. We have an agreement that is signed for the Boumadine tailings because that is being exported every quarter right now to the probably similar clients or the same clients that we're going to have for the Boumadine main production in a couple of years. Is that-

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

Yeah. Above 75 and potentially materially above that?

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Exactly. Yes.

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

Okay. Perfect. Yeah, just maybe the other part of the question was just in terms of, I guess, what are you guys seeing in terms of fuel prices, consumables? I'd imagine where you are, it's not a question of availability, but just curious how you guys. If you have anything to manage with regards to price and, you know, protecting yourselves, I guess, in the long term.

[Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, CFO at Aya Gold & Silver]

So on that, for sure what's happening right now is affecting fuel prices everywhere. Morocco is not special. Morocco's fuel prices have gone up basically $0.30 in the last. It's by law. The law states the fuel prices, and they've gone up pretty substantially. We have that. We have zinc and we have cyanide. Those are our three main aspects. Our procurement teams are on it. We have quite a bit of cyanide and zinc on site already. I think on that, we're quite fine. Then fuel, we have to manage, and it's not so much a price. It's obviously going to affect cash costs like everybody else.

[Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, CFO at Aya Gold & Silver]

On availability, we're keeping a close eye on it, and we're working with our contractors and ourselves to see if we can get more storage locally. We have a pretty healthy stockpile as well. Even if ever we'd have to stop the mine, we don't run. We run our plant on electricity, and so we can still run for a good while, even if there was ever a constraint on fuel.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Yeah, Justin, the big element here is our energy is from the grid. It's solar and wind, as we know. Unlike many other production assets in Africa where they have to buy fuel for energy, we do not have to buy fuel for energy. Our consumption is actually quite low when I compare that to what we were doing historically at SEMAFO and what we're buying right now in Aya. It's much lower. The risk exposure is quite much smaller. As Ugo said, we have stockpile, but we don't see any issues at the moment except for a small increase in the price.

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

Got you. Thanks. No, that's really helpful. Just one last one is, we're almost through the first quarter now. I know it's Q4 reporting, but just curious. I guess with almost a quarter done, I'm just curious what you're seeing in terms of mining from the open pit and underground. In Q4, you did really well on grade from the underground, good on volume. The open pit had a ton of volume, a little bit lower grade. I'm just curious if Q1 looks similar to Q4 or quite different actually.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Well, Ralph, do you want to take this question?

[Raphaël Beaudoin, VP of Operations at Aya Gold & Silver]

Yes. Hi, Justin. The beginning of the year went quite well. We have continued to increase our stockpile. We have continued to increase our mining rate in the open pit. As I've mentioned before, with what we call the Super Pit and our change in mining strategy, everything is focused on ounce recovery to increase the recovery in the mine of silver, especially in this pricing environment. This is what the team is focusing on, continue to accelerate the open pit, sustain the underground as it is, and focus on ore recovery. If there's silver in it, we mine it. The head grade has been stable as of what we've seen last year.

[Raphaël Beaudoin, VP of Operations at Aya Gold & Silver]

We continue to evaluate what the best way, the most cost-effective and the fastest way to increase and to sustain plant throughput. This year, we have several projects on the go to sustain throughput and to even increase it further. That's reflected in our guidance. Now as for the grade, as you said, Q1 is almost over, and it's been quite similar, but the strip is slowly decreasing, throughput is stabilizing, and we continue to increase our stockpile. As the year goes on, we will also continue to at least sustain the throughput and find ways to improve it.

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

Okay, thanks. That's really helpful.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Thanks, Justin.

[Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance]

All right. Thanks, guys. I'll stay on the line. Thank you very much.

[Operator]

Thank you. As a reminder, if you have a question, please press star one one. Our next question comes from Don DeMarco of National Bank. Your line is open.

[Don DeMarco, Precious Metals Equity Research Analyst at National Bank]

Good morning, Benoit team. Thanks for taking my call. Benoit, you mentioned that a focus is to accelerate Boumadine, and of course, we're looking forward to the updated PEA later this year. What are the levers or potential bottlenecks that you have to fast-track the FS? And then even looking at the construction beyond that, you know, how can you potentially expedite that, and how much wiggle room is there in the schedule in certain optimal scenarios?

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Well, you know, the fact that you don't need debt is major because as you know, if we needed some debt, you'd have to complete the feasibility study, give it to the lenders. They would hire outside consultants that would come over for a couple of months, review the work, question the work. We'd have to answer. You're looking at six to nine months of time that is needed just to put the debt facility in place, as we did when we did Zgounder with EBRD, and you know, we went through a whole process. In this case, assuming the silver price stays where it is and is or increasing, we don't need that. The team is doing, like let's take water.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Water, we're putting together the strategy where the water is coming from. We probably will have to build some pipelines in between some of the villages where we're going to take gray water. We're also going to use one of the aquifer. As soon as that's done, the team will look at what can be done immediately, and we will start that right now. Same thing for power. Power will come from the grid. Power is built, as you know, with the national utility company. We're not going to wait for a banker to accept the PEA and give us the debt. We will get going immediately. Every chapter that we do, we look at what we can do and how fast we can do it. It's, you know.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Of course, it's not as nice as having a Gantt chart, and you say, "We'll be ready by mid-2027, and then we'll do the debt financing, and then we'll do the construction." Our mind is let's get this done as quickly as possible. We you know are not cutting corners on technical things. We're not cutting corners on the flow sheet or because it's still an 8,000/10,000-ton per day flotation plant, so not complicated, but you still have to build it. We're not cutting corners, but clearly the fact that you don't need equity or debt will accelerate the construction of this project.

[Don DeMarco, Precious Metals Equity Research Analyst at National Bank]

Okay. Yeah, that's a good point. On the debt, I mean, you've got a little bit of debt on your balance sheet right now and looking at the cash flows that are coming in. Are you thinking that maybe you might delever some of that, ahead of, you know, as the FS, you know, gets finalized and ahead of the Boumadine construction decision?

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Yes, absolutely. The debt, as you know, is with EBRD. They're very, very good financial partners. They've been great. They're important in the country. You know, we don't want to pay them down and if we have even small penalties to pay, which we do have, that's per the agreement. We're looking at what we can do with them. On the other hand, the fact that, you know, it's a repayment over four years allows us. Yeah, we think of this EBRD facility today as funding for Boumadine. We could pay it down almost today if we wanted to and be done with the debt. We're also keeping it in.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Keeping it there while we see where the silver price goes, what's the cash flow per quarter, because think of it as being, you know, utilized. Whatever is generated is utilized on accelerating Boumadine. But we do have the flexibility. Yes, you will see over the next quarters and next year that the debt will be lower, knowing that if we wanted to at one point in time in country, we could utilize Zgounder to you know if we needed some debt, which we don't, but if we needed some debt, Zgounder could be also the backbone of a special financing, you know, balance sheet financing, not project finance.

[Don DeMarco, Precious Metals Equity Research Analyst at National Bank]

Okay. That excellent color there. Thank you. Just finally, as a last question, what are your thoughts on M&A at this stage? I mean, I think over time there's been some discussion about there might be some smaller opportunities in Morocco, whatever stage that might be, maybe even close to production. But is that part of your strategy going forward over the next few years? Or is it more singularly focused on Boumadine? Thank you.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

No, it is, and we do review opportunities all the time, but we're extremely disciplined. We have something fantastic, two districts, Zgounder and Boumadine. Often people say, "What about... What after Boumadine?" I say, "Well, there'll be Boumadine two, Boumadine three, Boumadine four because of the size of the district." There's a lot to come. We do look at things and if we don't like the price because they're asking too much and we don't think it's justified, we are extremely disciplined. You're not going to see anything outside of Morocco. We have a lot of work to do. We have a lot of potential in Morocco. We're staying focused to this jurisdiction. We like it. We're comfortable.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

We have our team there. We are disciplined. Are we looking to buy in Morocco? Absolutely. Very small transactions that's not going to affect really the AISC, and most of that is not for shares. Most of it is also for, you know, small cash payments and payment over time. Yes, we are looking to increase the portfolio. We do want to have a third and maybe a fourth district. It will. I'm quite comfortable that something's going to get done in 2026.

[Don DeMarco, Precious Metals Equity Research Analyst at National Bank]

Okay. Thank you very much. Congratulations and good luck with Q1.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Thank you. Thanks, Don.

[Operator]

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes our Q&A period. I'd now like to turn the call back over to Benoit for closing remarks.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Thank you, operator. Thanks everybody for being on the call today. Look, Q1 is done. It's done today. What's coming for Aya in the coming few quarters is you will still see some Zgounder and Boumadine drill results. We have a very large program at Zgounder and an extremely large program at Boumadine. You will see drill results on a regular basis. You will see, of course, our Q1 financial results mid-May. I believe May the 15th, we'll be issuing our Q1 financial results. Also, we didn't talk about this yet, but we are completing our U.S. listing. We were waiting to have our financial statements for the year 2025. Those are going to be filed with the American and with the Nasdaq stock exchange.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

Hopefully, in a couple of weeks, we'll be able to announce that we will start trading on the Nasdaq in the States. Coming is the Boumadine technical report, as we said, over the summer. As soon as we have that available, we will be putting this out to show you the strength of this tier one asset. As Don asked, for 2026, there's going to be an in-country consolidation of new districts that we like, that we see, with the. We believe that there's a silver component to it. Some may have silver gold, others that we look at are silver copper, but we definitely are looking to increase our land package with silver exposure. Look, that is the end of this call.

[Benoit La Salle, President and CEO at Aya Gold & Silver]

I believe we had a very good year, 2025. The ramp up is a ramp up. It ended very well. We had a strong performance. We're getting into 2026 with a very strong view on silver. We're very happy with our new mining method at Zgounder, where we know we go bulk mining because we believe that bulk mining silver is extremely rare, but it's also very appropriate when you have a strong silver price. Thank you, all of you for being there. We will see you in 45 days, in May for the Q1 financial results. Thank you and have a good day.

[Operator]

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating, and you may now disconnect.

Participants

Executives

• Benoit La Salle, President and CEO
• Elizabeth Hamaue, Director of Corporate and Financial Communication
• Raphaël Beaudoin, VP of Operations
• Ugo Landry-Tolszczuk, CFO

Analysts

• Don DeMarco, Precious Metals Equity Research Analyst at National Bank
• Justin Chan, Head of Research at SCP Resource Finance