Core Scientific Q4 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
March 2, 2026

Key Takeaways

  • Positive Sentiment: Core Scientific emphasized strong execution, stating it has energized ~350 megawatts of capacity with nearly 200 megawatts billing, and will report capacity on a billing basis going forward.
  • Negative Sentiment: Management missed its goal to sign a new customer by the call — no new colo contract was executed yet — though two sites are under short exclusivity and management says signing is a timing (not demand) issue.
  • Positive Sentiment: The company expanded its development footprint and pipeline, including a planned Hunt County, TX acquisition (~265 acres supporting ~430 MW gross / ~285 MW leasable) expected to close by end of Q1 with ERCOT energization scheduled 2027–2029.
  • Positive Sentiment: Balance-sheet and financing optionality look solid with ~$530 million liquidity, opportunistic Bitcoin sales (~1,900 BTC for ~$175 million), and access to a range of financing including up to $4 billion against contracted CoreWeave capacity and project financing at 60–85% advance rates.
  • Negative Sentiment: The company disclosed a historical accounting error related to demolition costs after switching auditors, filed amended statements, and noted a material weakness for the next four quarters, though management said there was no impact to revenue, adjusted EBITDA, or net cash flow.
AI Generated. May Contain Errors.
Earnings Conference Call
Core Scientific Q4 2025
00:00 / 00:00

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Operator

Greetings. Welcome to Core Scientific Q4 fiscal year 2025 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. Please note this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Jon Charbonneau, Vice President of Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.

Jon Charbonneau
Jon Charbonneau
VP of Investor Relations at Core Scientific

Great. Good afternoon. Welcome to Core Scientific's Q4 and full year 2025 earnings call. Before we begin, I need to remind you that statements made on this call other than historical facts, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are based on our current expectations. Words such as anticipates, estimates, expects, intends and believes, similar words and expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ substantially. For further information on these risks and uncertainties, we encourage you to review the risk factors discussed in the company's reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K filed today with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the press release and slide presentation contained therein.

Jon Charbonneau
Jon Charbonneau
VP of Investor Relations at Core Scientific

The forward-looking statements we make today speak as of today only, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any such statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after today. Today's presentation is available on our website, investors.corescientific.com. The content of this conference call contains information that is accurate as of today, March 2, 2026. Joining me today from Core Scientific are our CEO, Adam Sullivan, our Chief Operating Officer, Matt Brown, and our Chief Financial Officer, Jim Nygaard. We will conduct a question and answer session after management's remarks. We will now begin with remarks from Adam.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us. On our October 30th update call, we laid out 4 specific deliverables for this earnings call. First, we expect to sign at least one new customer, an important step towards diversifying our customer base. Second, we plan to sign one new power expansion contract in an existing site. Third, we expected to sign a new large land and power agreement. Fourth, we plan on making a financing announcement. These are the building blocks for our future growth, expanding contracted revenue, increasing our power optionality, widening our footprint, and funding growth in a way that is responsible and repeatable. Before we talk about those 4 priorities, let's talk about execution. The complexity of these build-outs is enormous, and we've made incredible progress on our Quarry build-out.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Despite challenges in the market and the evolving criteria for operating the newest generation of GPUs. This requires the deep bench that Core Scientific has to adapt to changes in real time. Matt will cover the details, here are the facts. As of this week, we'll have energized approximately 350 MW of capacity, of which close to 200 MW are currently billing. This puts us well halfway, the halfway mark of the Quarry contract. When we say energized, we mean power has been delivered and is generally within 90 days of billing. The natural lag between energization and billing commencement varies by site and customer requirements. Let's put that in perspective. Last year, we energized as many MW as our closest publicly traded peers combined. We were building and delivering while they were still signing their first AI contracts.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Going forward, to keep this simple and consistent, we'll report MW when they start billing. In this business, the market will always talk about demand. Investors should stay focused on what actually matters here, execution. Schedules will always move. It's easy at mile two of a marathon to say that you are on pace, but these are large and complex projects that expose who can actually execute. We've shown we can build, turn on capacity at scale, and deliver for our customers. This leads directly into our pipeline. As this industry matures and evaluates opportunities against a more stringent criteria, we're confident we check those boxes through proven execution and true site readiness. We're disciplined. We only sign contracts we know we can deliver on time and done right.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

That discipline is how we're building a durable, long-standing company, one defined by execution and known for being a great partner to our customers. That's what we set out to do, and it's exactly what we're doing today. Over time, that's what will separate us from the rest of the industry and position us to be a market leader for years to come. Now let me start by providing an update on the most visible item on our priority list, a new customer contract. We did not sign one by this call, and we are not satisfied with that. The demand is there. We have two sites under short exclusivity arrangements. We expect that this exercise will result in colocation leasing agreements in the near future.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Our funnel is larger and broader than it was a few months ago, and we are in active discussions with hyperscalers, NeoClouds, and large enterprises. This is a timing issue, not a demand issue. While we are operating under the merger agreement, hyperscalers simply would not engage with us. Those conversations restarted following termination, and we have made significant headway. Deals at this level are not a one-meeting exercise. It's a rigorous multi-step process. While hyperscalers have a longer contracting process, the path to project financing and delivery can oftentimes be more straightforward. The bottom line is we are engaged, moving through the process, and competing for the right long-term opportunities. Now on NeoClouds, there's meaningful demand across the industry. However, for those deals to work for us, there needs to be a strong balance sheet standing behind the contract.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

In most cases, that means a hyperscaler, chip manufacturer, or another investment-grade guarantee. Putting that structure in place requires the due diligence of both the Neocloud and investment-grade guarantee, which adds more coordination and steps. Because these guarantees are new for many parties, they take time to negotiate and finalize. This is one reason we believe you've seen fewer Neocloud deals announced across the industry recently. We are not going to compromise on counterparty strength because that protection matters over the life of the contract. Second, we said we plan to add new power at an existing site. We delivered in Dalton, Georgia. Dalton will expand to 450 MW of total gross power capacity, including 120 MW of uncommitted leasable customer capacity.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Our Dalton site is strategically located about 90 miles from Atlanta, sitting in the middle of an incredibly attractive demand corridor. We've been working towards this expansion with local stakeholders for over a year, and to support it, we've secured an additional 175 acres of land. This is what execution looks like: long-term planning, deep coordination, and strong partnerships with utilities and the local community. Late last year, we also increased leasable customer capacity in Pecos, Texas, to 200 MW, an area that has seen significant traction for high-density compute. Given that demand, we're moving forward with the conversion of Pecos from Bitcoin mining to colocation. Pecos is in the Goldilocks zone for customer signing, meaning we've secured a general contractor, locked in long lead equipment, and conversion work is underway with a timeline to RFS within 12 months.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

This means Pecos is within a timeframe that customers are actively trying to solve for right now. Stepping back, our strategy remains the same. We expect every megawatt in our portfolio to be dedicated to colocation within the next three years. Third, we delivered on signing a new large land and power agreement through our contract to acquire a major new site in Hunt County, Texas. This site represents approximately 265 acres that we expect can support roughly 430 MW of gross power capacity or 285 MW of customer leasable capacity. This location is about 45 miles outside of Dallas in one of the fastest-growing colocation markets. We expect this to close by the end of Q1. Importantly, this site has a clear interconnection path.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

The ERCOT energization schedule was approved in 2024. With power expected to begin coming online in 2027 and ramp through 2029. You've also seen the headlines around ERCOT. In our view, more discipline and transparency in that process is constructive. It helps reduce speculation and rewards companies with real sites, real plans, and the ability to execute. We believe this makes our two leasable sites in Texas, both Hunt and Pecos, even more attractive in the market, given the clarity around their ability to deliver. As we sit here today, our pipeline is approximately 1.5 GW of customer leasable capacity. This number is not a speculative position. It is not inflated with load studies.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

It only includes real opportunities with a clear line of sight to development, existing power under contract, new sites like Hunt, and available incremental power at both new and existing sites. Power matters, and we stay disciplined on it. In the broader market, power is often treated as the bottleneck, and we think that can be overstated. In practice, the bigger constraints are often securing long lead equipment and lining up experienced general contractors and subcontractors. The reality is simple. We already have more power in our pipeline than we can build over the next several years. Fourth, on financing, our balance sheet remains strong, and we have a variety of financing options that Jim will cover here shortly. Looking at 2026, our priorities are straightforward: diversify our customer base and execute on the CoreWeave contract.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

We are focused on delivery, disciplined growth, and doing what we said we would do. I'll now turn it over to Matt to give an updated construction overview.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Thanks, Adam. Through 2025, our teams executed with intensity and precision. We stayed focused on what matters, our customers, and building the infrastructure powering the fourth industrial revolution. Our mission is simple: design and deliver AI factories at scale, purpose-built for accelerated computing. Every quarter felt like new architecture cycles, new GPUs, higher power densities, and new cooling paradigms that created extraordinary opportunity and real complexity. We maintained operations through unprecedented weather events across multiple regions, iterated designs in real time to support the newest GPU platforms, applied lessons from prior deployments to better align infrastructure delivery with evolving customer needs. Each challenge refined the system. Each build made the thinking machine better. Let me take a step back and frame the magnitude of what the team accomplished over the last 14 months.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Alongside our design build partners, we broke ground on 5 AI factories supporting our 590 MW commitment to CoreWeave. 2 brownfield expansions, Denton, Texas, and Marble, North Carolina. 3 greenfield campuses, Muskogee, Oklahoma, Dalton, phase one and phase two in Georgia. In 2025, these 5 sites represented 1 million sq ft of data center shell, nearly $2 billion of installed infrastructure assets, more than 5 million labor hours, supported by an average of 3,300 workers on site, and over $5 billion in total project investment. This is one of the most significant AI expansions underway anywhere in the world. Let's start with Texas. Our 262 MW, 400,000 sq ft Denton campus made remarkable progress. By the end of Q4, Denton delivered 67 billable MW across 3 buildings, with roughly half the campus energized.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Today, Denton North is fully operational, running production GPU workloads and represents 90 billable MW. At Denton South, the first 41 MW data hall has commenced building. As of today, our next 41 MW data hall will begin the energization process. The remaining buildings on the South Campus remain on track for Q2 energization, with full Campus completion by mid-year. Denton alone currently represents approximately 130 billable MW, actively supporting more than 50,000 Grace Blackwell GPUs. In North Carolina, our 65 MW, 250,000 sq ft Marble data center achieved full site energization in 2025. Two of the three data halls were delivered by the end of the Q4, representing 36 billable MW supporting approximately 15,000 Grace Blackwell GPUs.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

The third and final data hall is currently in commissioning and is expected to be delivered in the Q2. Our customer is actively accelerating GPU deployments at the site this week. At our Muskogee, Oklahoma campus, phase one, a 70 MW, 138,000 sq ft data center has completed vertical construction and is now fully energized and has advanced into commissioning, remaining on track for full delivery in the Q2. Our Dalton, Georgia campus, phase one, a 30 MW, 52,000 sq ft data center has also completed vertical construction and is now fully energized. Commissioning is progressing and preparing the facility for high density liquid-cooled AI systems with full delivery expected in the Q2.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

At Dalton phase two, 145 MW, 250,000 sq ft data center, vertical construction is currently underway with full delivery targeted for early 2027. This facility will serve as the final AI factory supporting CoreWeave's 590 MW commitment. Looking ahead, I want to outline our development and go-to-market strategy, Operation Forward Observer. This strategy is straightforward. Advanced development across multiple sites through the first commission data hall, while simultaneously securing long lead equipment to enable rapid expansion. By progressing sites to this advanced stage before contract signing, we position our heads as head of our peers in winning colocation agreements. This approach provides customers with a high degree of certainty around RFS timelines, not only for the initial delivery, but also for seamless expansion into subsequent data halls.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Executing this strategy strengthens our competitive positioning, enhances our leverage in negotiating favorable terms with a broad base of credit-worthy customers. Let me walk through our initial Forward Observer sites. First is the Hunt Campus, a planned 285 leasable megawatt AI campus strategically located near the Dallas-Fort Worth market. Our development teams are actively engaged in pre-development work to deliver the full 285 MW across multiple buildings, with initial delivery currently planned in the second half of 2027. Our Pecos campus, a planned 200 leasable megawatt campus in West Texas. Our development teams are mobilized and advancing early civil work and engineering on phase 1, which is designed to deliver 185 MW of leasable capacity across multiple data halls, with initial delivery expected to begin in early 2027.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

At Dalton, phase three will consist of approximately 250,000 sq ft greenfield data center planned to deliver 120 MW of leasable capacity across multiple data halls, with initial delivery targeted for the second half of 2027. Development teams are mobilized and progressing through early civil work and engineering. Finally, construction is underway on the first phase of our 30 megawatt leasable data center in Auburn, Alabama. The site remains on track for its first 10 MW in the second half of 2026. Auburn is designed as a tier three facility with dense connectivity, positioned to serve multi-tenant enterprise AI customers. Engineering, pre-construction, and permitting are complete, and all long lead equipment is on-site. As we close, the takeaway is simple. We've built a repeatable execution engine for AI infrastructure at scale.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We've delivered more than 185 meaningful billable capacity, progressed multiple campuses through energization and commissioning, reached 350 MW energized, and expanded our development pipeline by 600 leasable MW to support the next wave of accelerated computing, all while continuing to enhance how we design, build, and onboard customers. Entering 2026, our priorities are clear: maintain alignment with customer GPU deliveries, stay ahead of the technology curve, and keep transforming MW in production-ready AI factories. We're proud of what the team accomplished in 2025, and even more focused on the path ahead in 2026. With that, I'll turn it over to Jim.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

Thanks, Matt. 2025 was a transitional year for the company. While the vast majority of our revenue continued to come from our Bitcoin mining operations, our primary focus was on scaling the colocation business, including the ongoing build-out of capacity for CoreWeave. At the same time, mining activities continued to support the funding of the company as we progressed through the transition. Although colocation revenue in 2025 was limited, we expect to reach an important inflection point in the coming months as we begin billing for additional MW, bringing colocation revenue to a level that will not only cover our operating costs, but also drive significant margin expansion going forward. In terms of Bitcoin mining, we remain focused on operational optimization and will continue to mine to cover contractual power costs.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

We finished the year with a very strong balance sheet with total liquidity of approximately $530 million. We also opportunistically sold just over 1,900 BTC for approximately $175 million in January at materially higher prices above current market levels. At this time, we hold under 1,000 BTC and expect to remain opportunistic going forward. In terms of a broader capital formation strategy, we have a full range of financing options available that we will continue to evaluate in the coming months and quarters as our needs evolve, including both sizable alternatives at the corporate level and the up to $4 billion that we could raise against our contracted capacity with CoreWeave at stabilization. These capital sources will fund investments in our pipeline sites going forward.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

At these sites, we will also utilize project-based financing structures with 60%-85% advance rate on build costs, depending on customer credit quality and site characteristics. I want to address the historical restatement outlined in our 10-K filing today. In early 2025, we changed auditors to KPMG from Marcum. As part of KPMG's normal audit procedures and our ongoing review of the conversion of legacy mining sites to co-location, we identified an error in our historical accounting going back to 2024 for certain property, plant, and equipment that was demolished as part of those conversions. Under the historical accounting treatment, demolition costs were capitalized and existing carrying values were maintained. It was determined that these values and expenses should have been written off in certain historical periods. We have filed amended statements to correct the error.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

Please refer to the SEC or the Core Scientific Investor Relations website for today's filings. To clarify, there was no impact to revenue, adjusted EBITDA or our net cash flow. While you will see a material weakness noted in our filings for the next four quarters, rest assured we have taken the appropriate steps to strengthen our controls over non-routine accounting items going forward. As we look ahead, we are incredibly excited about the trajectory of our business. The demand backdrop for high performance infrastructure remains strong, and we've positioned Core Scientific to capitalize on that opportunity with scale, operational discipline, and a clear strategic vision. We are building a differentiated data center platform with the capabilities and balance sheet strength to compete at the highest level.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

With an experienced and focused team, a growing pipeline, and a commitment to disciplined capital allocation, we believe we are not only well-positioned for the coming year, but structurally set up to create meaningful long-term value for our shareholders. With that, I'll turn the call over to the operator for questions.

Operator

Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For a participant choosing speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. Our first question is from Jon Petersen with Jefferies. Please proceed.

Jon Petersen
Jon Petersen
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst at Jefferies

Oh, great. Thank you. Good afternoon, guys. You know, Adam, you talked about two deals that are, I guess in discussion right now. Can you give us some more details on the potential sizes of those deals? Maybe, you know, what locations those might be in? Then, you know, also just kind of curious, your selectivity around the type of tenants that you're or potential tenants that you're willing to talk with right now, how important credit quality is.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Yeah, happy to, and thanks for the question, John. You know, it's helpful to look back at October 30, 2025 when we first emerged from the termination of the merger agreement. You know, one of the things that we talked about is that, you know, we were engaged with a number of different counterparties, including NeoClouds. At the time, you know, hyperscaler customers and large and certain large investment grade counterparties were not willing to speak with us during that time, which was understandable. You know, where we have migrated our sales pipeline over the course of the past 4 months as we've continued or we've engaged with those large counterparties once again, which has been great to see. We're in discussions across a number of them with a number of our sites.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

The one thing I'll say is, you know, today we sit with 500 MW under exclusivity arrangements with a large investment grade counterparty that we're excited to continue to advance forward, and we're really looking forward to, hopefully signing one of those over the near future.

Jon Petersen
Jon Petersen
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst at Jefferies

Okay. All right. As a follow-up, in your presentation you list 700 MW of unannounced leasable customer power opportunities. Is that additional power you might get at existing land sites? Is that new land sites? How do we think about what that bucket is exactly?

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Yeah, that's really just a combination of both of those items. You know, there are places where we might be waiting to sign certain extensions on power in an existing site due to certain collateral requirements until, you know, we're closer on customer signing. It might be sites that we have under exclusivity are completing due diligence, but have the confidence to be able to bring those to customer conversations as opportunities that we can present to them.

Jon Petersen
Jon Petersen
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst at Jefferies

All right. That's helpful. Thank you.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from Brett Knoblauch with Cantor Fitzgerald. Please proceed.

Brett Knoblauch
Brett Knoblauch
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald

Hi, guys. Thanks for taking my question. Adam, on the new site in Hunt County. You know, I think for the most part, the deals we've seen get signed kind of are on maybe sites with energized power today. Obviously, this isn't gonna be energized until next year. Could you talk about maybe the level of confidence you have in being able to get a lease signed for that site, even though power's gonna be delivered at a later date?

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

I mean, for us, really, it doesn't matter if the power is available today, because it's gonna take time for us to construct and build that site. As long as the power and the ramp schedule that we've been provided by the utility matches with our construction schedule, you know, that is acceptable to potential customers. We feel great about the Hunt site. You know, as we see it today, the site is not impacted by Senate Bill 6 or any of the recent ERCOT changes. We've also been told that this project will not be re-studied by ERCOT. It gives us a lot of confidence in that site and that project. We're excited about building out another large scale campus just outside of Dallas.

Brett Knoblauch
Brett Knoblauch
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald

Awesome. Maybe just as one follow-up. From a demand perspective and maybe pricing perspective, you know, it feels like the deals kind of have gotten better, month after month, quarter after quarter. Are you guys seeing that on your end, you know, when you guys are having conversations with prospective tenants? Just curious kind of your thoughts for the overall pricing environment and where we're heading.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

We've definitely seen pricing continue to shift. You know, part of that's driven by equipment prices and labor prices continuing to rise in the market. You're seeing a similar move in terms of leasing economics. You know, that's one of the reasons why we launched our project with going forward with securing long lead equipment, securing trades at sites, and beginning civil work across a number of different locations, was so that we could lock in economics at those sites. Essentially locking in what our costs are gonna look like while we're still in an environment where we're seeing lease rates continue to move higher.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

You know, that's something that's more protective from our business, but it's also an offensive approach for us to continue to attack the market and put ourselves in a position to really compete on deals with hyperscalers. Because, you know, they're expecting capacity delivered, you know, sub 18 months, in some cases sub 12 months. For us to be able to put ourselves in those positions, we have to be making the moves that we're making today, related to really securing site readiness around these new locations.

Brett Knoblauch
Brett Knoblauch
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald

Perfect. Thank you, guys. Appreciate it.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Thanks.

Operator

Our next question is from Darren Aftahi, and he is from Roth Capital Partners. Please proceed.

Darren Aftahi
Darren Aftahi
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners

Hey, everybody. Thanks for taking my questions. Good afternoon. Two if I may. Just on the Hunt County site, could you talk about what the rough payment was? I know you said it'd be energized 2027. How does that kind of energization scale up? Follow-up. Jim, you've made a comment about financing against the CoreWeave deal when there's quote-unquote, "stabilization." Can you just kind of enlighten us what that actually means? Perhaps that's 6 months after all the campuses are built out. Thanks.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Yeah, thanks, Darren. We'll be announcing further details related to the Hunt County site as that site gets to close later in this quarter. As it relates to energization, you know, as we look at the MW, there are tail MW here. Really the energization schedule ramps alongside of what our construction schedule looks like. You know, we feel how that site looks today in terms of our site readiness and our ability to deliver against the ramp schedule provided by the utility, we think that puts that site in a very strong box in terms of checking a number of different criteria that both hyperscalers as well as other large offtake companies may have. We're excited about that site and how that continues to move forward.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

I'll let Jim take the last question you had.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

Thanks, Adam. When you look at the size of our contract with CoreWeave at 590 MW, it represents, somewhere between $5 billion-$5.5 billion of total infrastructure. When I say stabilization, and I indicate the availability of capital up to $4 billion, I'm referencing the full stabilization of the contract relative to the asset base that we're constructing. The reality is that this is different than what is more commonly structured in project finance terms, where you're borrowing the money upfront and building later. We have substantial availability under that asset base to borrow a good portion of that $4 billion today. The scaling is quite fast because we are already at such a significant progress on the billing.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

You know, we will get through the vast majority of that before the end of this year.

Darren Aftahi
Darren Aftahi
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners

Appreciate it. Thank you.

Jim Nygaard
Jim Nygaard
CFO at Core Scientific

Yep, no problem.

Operator

Our next question is from Nick Giles with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed.

Henry Hurr
Henry Hurr
Equity Research Associate at B. Riley Securities

Thank you, Operator. This is Henry Hurr on for Nick Giles. I wanted to follow up on the new Hunt County site. Specifically, what does the site kind of look like today, and are there any preliminary permits that are needed before construction can begin? Thanks.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Appreciate the question. Today, the site is essentially what we have to do to kind of energize that site is there's still a substation that needs to be built.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

When we look at the kind of the utility energization schedule and the construction schedule, we feel like we can start energizing that site in late 2027. That's going to require us kind of start to get the process rolling, both in terms of our pre-construction activities, and getting this substation going here in pretty short order.

Henry Hurr
Henry Hurr
Equity Research Associate at B. Riley Securities

Just on preliminary permits for construction. Any color on that?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We've gone through pretty much all of the EFA sort of phase one studies and geotechnicals for the site. We have schematic designs in place. We have a pretty good idea on the development strategy for that site. It's really just a matter of finalizing design docs, getting to IFP and then releasing those for permitting.

Henry Hurr
Henry Hurr
Equity Research Associate at B. Riley Securities

Okay, great. Thanks so much. Continue your best of luck.

Operator

Our next question is from George Sutton with Craig-Hallum Capital Group. Please proceed.

George Sutton
George Sutton
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Craig-Hallum Capital Group

Thank you. Matt, you referenced new architectures and cooling and also new GPUs, and that sounds like a bit of a frustration. I'm just curious how as you're developing new sites, how much change you're seeing relative to the prior sites?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

The, the evolution, I think, on the technology stack, obviously when you're building projects that are taking, you know, 12 to 18 months to sort of get out of the ground and you're going through sort of multiple sort of technology changes and trying to adapt to those in real time, in our case, you know, we started our very first data center with CoreWeave, started with H100s, then we quickly evolved into, you know, NVIDIA's first iteration of Grace Blackwell's NVL36s, then the NVL72s, and then to from the GB200 platforms into the GB300 platforms and sort of having to adopt sort of the data halls kind of in-flight to those technology iterations. Recently, you know, NVIDIA released its reference architecture for Rubin Vera.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We have a pretty good idea kind of what that sort of paradigm shift is going to start to look like, both from a cooling and power and power distribution standpoint. I would say our teams are starting to factor, you know, those changes into our new projects. That's we're pretty future-proofed in terms of what we're expecting next to happen. In addition, the last thing I'll say, obviously the Google and the TPUs and the TPUs becoming more prevalent into the market.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We're also evaluating sort of how do we take our standardized base of design so that we have a very predictable, repeatable approach to putting product into market, that is both adaptable to what we're doing today, and what we're expecting from NVIDIA tomorrow. These new chipsets come in the market, like TPUs, as those become more prevalent, even outside the Google ecosystem, that we're able to adapt our data halls to those shifts as well. A lot of moving parts, a lot of things happening kind of in the technology ecosystem. You know, our engineering team and our development teams are, I think are well ahead of the curve and thinking about how do we adapt to those.

George Sutton
George Sutton
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Craig-Hallum Capital Group

Very helpful. Just a follow-up for Adam. You mentioned the broader and larger funnel of groups that you're talking to, but you also have suggested that, you know, we need investment grade guarantees at some point. How broad can that funnel really be relative to those guarantees? Are you seeing that availability?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Yeah, I would say, you know, we're seeing a pretty wide range, and that range has continued to expand. It's helpful to think back on 2025. Think back at the demand from both NeoClouds and from AI labs in the first half of 2025. You essentially did not really see many new deals being announced. That changed dramatically, obviously in Q3 as guarantees were introduced into the market. We saw some deals backed by Google. I believe, you know, over time we're going to continue to see the evolution of these guarantees. The ones that we've seen so far come from wide and varying sources. You know, we listed hyperscalers, chip manufacturers and other large investment grade guarantors, and that's really what we're seeing in the market. It's a wide range.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

They look different all the way from debt guarantees to full lease guarantees, so they cover the full spectrum. I think what we're going to see over 2026 is really a centralization on terms related to those guarantees and wrappers that exist in the market. I think some of the delay and pause that you've seen in some of the Neocloud and lab signing over the course of the past three months has more been related to what are those guarantees going to look like? Because I don't think they're going to look like they have in the past. You know, we're in the process of negotiating with certain guarantee counterparties here.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We're hopeful that, you know, these counterparties begin to centralize on the right guarantee in order for data center developers to go out and fund these developments.

George Sutton
George Sutton
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Craig-Hallum Capital Group

Right. Good stuff. Thank you.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from Michael Donovan with Compass Point. Please proceed.

Michael Donovan
Michael Donovan
Senior Research Analyst at Compass Point

Hi. Thanks for taking my question. In preparing remarks, you stated you have more power in your pipeline than you can build over the next few years. Can you share a range of MW you are?

Michael Donovan
Michael Donovan
Senior Research Analyst at Compass Point

Confident you can bring online per year. Are there any areas of concern today around supply chain or labor availability?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

No, I appreciate the question. In terms of what we think is kind of an order of magnitude of what we think we can develop, a lot of that's gonna be really customer driven. you know, we announced on our strategy that we're progressing, you know, multiple sites through the design build process into 2027. As customers step into those, that's really gonna drive what the scalability and the pace of acceleration in terms of how many MW we build out. In previous quarters, I think we've guided around the idea that we could, in theory, build out as much as 500 MW in a single calendar year.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

I think that's, that certainly possible, but that's gonna require, you know, customers stepping into these projects pretty early so that we can line up the financing and line up the supply chain in order to scale those out to that sort of order of magnitude of development. Another way of saying that is our internal capacity to take on, you know, a 0.5 gigawatt in a year, in 18-month time horizon is we feel really comfortable with. It's really a matter of sort of aligning up economics and financing to support that, to support that strategy. Hopefully that answers your question.

Michael Donovan
Michael Donovan
Senior Research Analyst at Compass Point

Great. Appreciate that added color.

Operator

Our next question is from Jon Hickman with Ladenburg Thalmann. Please proceed.

Jon Hickman
Jon Hickman
Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann

Hi. Could you elaborate on your comments, like, right up front, you talked about the billing. There's a 90-day delay in when you energize and when you get the bill. Is that what you were telling us?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

I can handle this first part of that. This is Matt. Kind of what we're referring to as we turn on power to a building, so we achieve basically our energization milestone of basically hydrating all the equipment with electrons. From that point, you know, each data hall within the building has to go through its subsequent commissioning phases, the fully commission, test commission, and go through all the integrated testing to operationalize each of those data halls within that structure. From the time we start energization to the time that we fully commission, those data halls could roughly range into, you know, the 90-day time horizon for which we would expect to turn on revenue.

Jon Hickman
Jon Hickman
Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann

Okay. Then I think I missed this number, but as of the end of the year, how many MW had you delivered to CoreWeave?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

The end of calendar year 2025?

Jon Hickman
Jon Hickman
Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann

Yeah. End of the quarter.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We had energized 213 MW by the end of the calendar year. We had fallen just slightly short of our 250. One data hall short of our goal. But as we've, as we said in this earnings call, we have more than made our fight way back ahead of schedule with 350 MW energized and nearly 200 MW billing. That I think the step function of progress over the last couple of months has been pretty remarkable.

Jon Hickman
Jon Hickman
Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann

You said that kind of by mid-year you'd have it all energized?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

By the end of basically going into 2027 or the early part of 2027, the full contract should be fulfilled and fully delivered to CoreWeave.

Jon Hickman
Jon Hickman
Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann

Okay. Okay. Thank you. Appreciate the color.

Operator

Our next question is from Kevin Dede with H.C. Wainwright. Please proceed.

Kevin Dede
Kevin Dede
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright

Hey, Adam, Matt. Thanks for having me on. Adam, can you drill in a little bit about on Alabama? It just seemed to be a little bit of an outlier at 30 MW. I'm just wondering how you sort of process that in this grand scheme of landing hyperscalers.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Yeah, absolutely, Kevin, and thanks for the question. You know, the 30 megawatt site in Alabama is a site that, you know, we saw early on as a location that could move quickly. We also recognized the power constraints in Georgia and recognized the low latency that Auburn had available to it. You know, that's a site that we believe sitting here today, based on our customer conversations, is a site that has interest across a number of different potential counterparties, and it's something that we're using to entice customers on larger contracts. I think one thing important to note is that, you know, hyperscalers are not only focused on the larger sites and larger campuses, they're also looking for backfill across certain locations to serve certain markets.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

We think Alabama and Auburn specifically serves that very well. We're excited about that project, and we're looking forward to landing a customer there as well.

Kevin Dede
Kevin Dede
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright

Do you think it sort of fits a bill for an inference type solution? Is Matt sort of reorganizing the way sites are constructed and fitting potential use case changes?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Yeah. It's definitely a site that's gonna be utilized for inference use cases. But Matt, I'll let you take it related to infrastructure design. Yeah. Auburn's unique from a couple different standpoints. One, it sorta has the makings of a much more traditional multi-tenant data center, tier three, tier three type facility, you know, multiple 10,000 sq ft data halls. High degrees of security and a mass amount of connectivity. More akin to what you might find in, you know, Digital Realty or an ex-Equinix or a modern Equinix type facility. From that standpoint, we think we look at Auburn as really an entry point, both in terms of inferencing AI loads, but also in terms of the enterprise segment as well.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Since the enterprise segment tends to be on a smaller deal size, on its smaller deal constructs, with that and the needs for dense connectivity, multi carrier neutral type environments with the type of infrastructure that's laid out there sort of makes it, makes it ideal for a number of different, you know, customer segments, both on AI and on some of the non-AI segments as well. Auburn's sort of a little unique from that standpoint. In terms of like adjusting to inferencing versus, you know, versus large language model sites, as an example. From a technology standpoint, we don't see a ton of difference from what the density, the power density needs are between those.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

What we might see happening is, I think the cluster sizing might be slightly different between an inference cluster and a large language model cluster, sort of driving a little bit more segmentation potentially within the campus at some point. That's generally how what we think is happening today.

Kevin Dede
Kevin Dede
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright

Okay. Thanks. Hey, Adam, before I get the hook, and nobody's really asked about Bitcoin mining, and I know it's not a priority, but it's still lion's share of revenues for a little while anyway. Can you give us some insight on how you expect this year to fall out from a hash rate perspective and whether or not you're chasing down those block miners that you thought you might look at the end of last year?

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Absolutely. you know, it's been interesting to watch what's happening in the mining environment, right? We're seeing hash price go to levels that have never been seen before. You know, dipping below $0.03 was definitely something that I think folks thought might happen, you know, probably in 2027 or 2028, you know, just given where machine efficiency is today. For us, you know, that business is still essentially in runoff today, right? We're, we're trying to manage our machine fleet based on what our minimum power draw requirements are across a number of different sites. That's something that we're gonna continue to operate in that mode over the course of this year. We're really just optimizing right now to ensure that we are hitting our minimum power draw requirements across our portfolio.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

You know, in terms of the block units, those units are getting installed today. That's something that's gonna help us maintain productivity across our mining portfolio and really help us hit, you know, given that a majority of our machine fleet is anywhere from four to five years old today, really allow us to continue to hit those minimum power draw requirements profitably.

Kevin Dede
Kevin Dede
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright

Where does Bitcoin mining stand at the end of this year as you look at how your sites are converted?

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

It's something that's continuing to evolve, Kevin. You know, we're building next door at many of these locations, which is why we've been acquiring additional land across our portfolio. It really will come offline as we're transferring that power over to a data center.

Kevin Dede
Kevin Dede
Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright

Perfect. Got it. Okay. Thank you for entertaining them all, Adam. I really appreciate it. Congrats on the progress.

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Thanks, Kevin.

Operator

Our next question is from John Todaro with Needham and Company. Please proceed.

John Todaro
SVP and Senior Research Analyst at Needham and Company

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question and the progress so far. You know, there's been some conversations of NVIDIA backstopping a number of kind of NeoClouds. It would just potentially open up the type of customers you guys could sign with by quite a bit. Just wondering if there's, you know, if that's starting to happen in some lease discussions. Any, any commentary there?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

Yeah. I think we're gonna see all chip manufacturers start to begin to play the game of guarantees to help them secure their customers moving forward and really lock in architecture in the data center around their GPU chipset. It's definitely something we've seen. I think it's something that's gonna continue to evolve, as I noted earlier. But I would expect, you know, both hyperscalers and chip manufacturers continue to march down the path of looking to provide guarantees for both NeoClouds as well as labs.

John Todaro
SVP and Senior Research Analyst at Needham and Company

Okay. Understood. Beyond, just kind of, maybe some of the terms, but on lease rates, as we think about some of the latest gen architecture and maybe a little bit higher CapEx spend from a data center operator side, and also maybe the use case changes that we heard in your responses to Kevin, are leasing rates gonna start moving quite a bit higher from historically what we've seen signed here, ranging from you guys having one of the first leases to the more recent one with Hut? Should we expect that to start materially moving higher?

Matt Brown
Matt Brown
COO at Core Scientific

I wouldn't necessarily say materially moving higher. I think in the market what we've seen are our lease rates move generally a bit higher in relation to what the CapEx is on those builds. I wouldn't say that, you know, we're sitting here today, we're gonna see something material outside of the bounds of what has been signed historically. I do believe that over the course of 2026, we may see a little bit more

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

More normalization and a touch movement higher in terms of lease rates. That's really just driven by the fact that many of the hyperscalers price their data centers based on based on a yield, and they know how much their base of design costs.

John Todaro
SVP and Senior Research Analyst at Needham and Company

Yep. Yep, that makes total sense. Understood. Thank you, and congrats on the progress.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Thanks, John.

Operator

Our next question is from Ben Soffins from BTIG. Please proceed.

Ben Soffins
Ben Soffins
Equity Research Associate at BTIG

Hey, good afternoon, guys, and thanks for taking my question. Kind of building off that last question, kind of curious if you're seeing any sort of bifurcation of kind of more urban located sites and the potential pricing there and I guess demand profile for those sites and kind of how that could potentially lead, you know, maybe improved pricing on a site like Hunt County that's right near, you know, one of the largest data center hubs in the U.S.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Yeah, I mean, as we look at Hut 8, there's definitely better pricing capacity for us and for data center developers more broadly when you're within a certain lane. That is more of the Equinix Digital Realty type model. I would expect to see, you know, our pricing for sites that are closer to major metropolitan areas, be stronger than sites that might be further away from major metro areas. There is that pricing bifurcation, and some of that is related to dual use case. When you're closer to the major metropolitan area, it can be used for both LLMs as well as inference. You know, the other part here is also, you know, time to RFS. It's something that, you know, we talked about in our prepared remarks.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Time to RFS is really the trump card for data center developers. The closer you are to RFS, the better pricing power you have.

Ben Soffins
Ben Soffins
Equity Research Associate at BTIG

Awesome. Super helpful. Just one more, if I may. Sorry if I missed this earlier. Just kind of curious on any timeline around Kentucky and North Dakota on those sites and just kind of, you know, any comments on the demand for those sites for potential HPC contracts.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Yeah, they're under discussions with a number of different counterparties. You know, they're in our priority list, albeit though, you know, the projects that Matt Brown walked through earlier are our focus points today.

Ben Soffins
Ben Soffins
Equity Research Associate at BTIG

Awesome. Thank you guys for taking my questions.

Adam Sullivan
CEO at Core Scientific

Thanks, Ben.

Operator

There are no further questions at this time. That will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and have a wonderful day.

Executives
    • Jim Nygaard
      Jim Nygaard
      CFO
    • Jon Charbonneau
      Jon Charbonneau
      VP of Investor Relations
    • Matt Brown
      Matt Brown
      COO
Analysts
    • Adam Sullivan
      CEO at Core Scientific
    • Ben Soffins
      Equity Research Associate at BTIG
    • Brett Knoblauch
      Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald
    • Darren Aftahi
      Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Roth Capital Partners
    • George Sutton
      Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at Craig-Hallum Capital Group
    • Henry Hurr
      Equity Research Associate at B. Riley Securities
    • John Todaro
      SVP and Senior Research Analyst at Needham and Company
    • Jon Hickman
      Managing Director at Ladenburg Thalmann
    • Jon Petersen
      Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst at Jefferies
    • Kevin Dede
      Managing Director and Senior Equity Research Analyst at H.C. Wainwright
    • Michael Donovan
      Senior Research Analyst at Compass Point
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