Canaan Q2 2026 Earnings Report

Canaan EPS Results

• Actual EPS: -$0.14
• Consensus EPS: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• One Year Ago EPS: N/A

Canaan Revenue Results

• Actual Revenue: $31.86 million
• Expected Revenue: N/A
• Beat/Miss: N/A
• YoY Revenue Growth: N/A

Canaan Announcement Details

• Quarter: Q2 2026
• Date: 8/15/2026
• Time: After Market Closes
• Conference Call Date: N/A
• Conference Call Time: N/A

Canaan (NASDAQ:CAN) Inc. is a fabless semiconductor company that develops application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and related hardware for blockchain computing. Its products are primarily designed to support Bitcoin mining and other high-performance computing applications.

The company’s best-known product line is AvalonMiner, a series of specialized Bitcoin mining machines that combine Canaan’s proprietary ASIC chips with supporting hardware and software. Canaan also develops AI and edge-computing solutions intended for applications such as intelligent hardware, data processing and other computational workloads.

Founded in 2013, Canaan serves customers in global cryptocurrency-mining and technology markets. The company operates internationally, with activities and offices spanning Asia and other regions. Canaan was co-founded by Nangeng Zhang, who has served as its chairman and chief executive officer.

Canaan Q2 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

Key Takeaways

• Negative Sentiment: Q2 revenue was approximately $32 million, below the $35 million–$45 million outlook, as Bitcoin prices, hash prices, miner demand, and equipment pricing weakened. Management expects Q3 revenue to fall further to $11 million–$15 million.
• Positive Sentiment: The company improved liquidity despite weak sales, ending Q2 with $66 million in cash versus $43 million in Q1. Mining generated $18 million of revenue, covered direct power and hosting costs, and the company reported a competitive June all-in power cost of approximately $0.043 per kilowatt-hour.
• Positive Sentiment: Canaan repurchased approximately 16.4 million ADSs for $7.4 million year to date, funded partly by selling its Ethereum holdings and 54 Bitcoins. Management believes the stock is significantly undervalued, although future buyback pace will depend on share price, Bitcoin prices, liquidity, and regulatory considerations.
• Neutral Sentiment: Management remains confident it can secure gigawatt-scale power resources by the end of 2026 for potential mining and AI/HPC applications, but it has not disclosed specific sites, customers, capacity, or partnership agreements. The company said it will pursue projects gradually through JVs or other partnerships rather than build end-to-end AI data centers alone.
• Negative Sentiment: Broader mining-machine demand remains weak globally, with elevated industry inventory and cautious customers continuing to pressure pricing. Canaan also received only an additional 180-day Nasdaq compliance grace period, with a January 11, 2027 deadline to regain the minimum bid-price requirement.

Presentation

[Operator]

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to Canaan Inc.'s second quarter 2026 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the management prepared remarks, we will have a question and answer session. Please note that this event is being recorded. I'll now hand the conference over to your speaker today, Gwyn Lauber, investor relations for the company. Please go ahead, Gwen.

[Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs at Canaan Inc]

Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone, and welcome to our earnings conference call. Joining us today are Chairman and CEO, Nangeng Zhang, and our CFO, James Jin Cheng. Leo Wang, Vice President of Capital Markets and Corporate Development, and Xi Zhang, Senior IR Manager, will also be available during the question and answer session. Our CEO will start the call by providing an overview of the company and performance highlights for the quarter.

[Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs at Canaan Inc]

Our CFO will then provide details on the company's operating and financial results for the period before we open up the call for your questions. Before we begin, I would like to refer you to our safe harbor statement in our earnings press release. Today's call will include forward-looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, our outlook for the company and statements that estimate or project future operating results and the performance of the company.

[Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs at Canaan Inc]

These statements speak only as of today, and the company assumes no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements that may be made in today's press release, call, or webcast, except as required by law. These statements do not guarantee future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Please refer to the press release and the risk factors and documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our most recent annual report on Form 20-F for information on risks, uncertainties and assumptions that may cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in such statements.

[Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs at Canaan Inc]

In addition, during today's call, we will discuss both GAAP financial measures and certain non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe are useful as supplemental measures of the company's performance. These non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or in isolation from, GAAP results. You can find additional disclosures regarding these non-GAAP measures, including reconciliations with comparable GAAP results, in our earnings press release, which is posted on the company's website. With that, I will now turn the call over to our chairman and CEO, Nangeng Zhang. NG, please go ahead.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you, Gwen. Hello, everyone. This is NG, CEO of Canaan. Thank you for joining our earnings conference call today. James, our CFO, and I are here at our Singapore headquarters to share our financial results and recent business updates for the second quarter of 2026. Q2 2026 remained a difficult environment for the Bitcoin mining industry. In the first half of the quarter, Bitcoin prices recovered from approximately $62,000-$82,000, before declining sharply and reaching a period low of about $58,000 at the end of the quarter.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

During the quarter, hash price fluctuated between $0.028 and $0.039 per terahash per second per day and remained at low levels. At the same time, in the U.S., the capital markets and the traditional mining companies continued to shift more attention toward AI and HPC. Localized armed conflicts in certain countries and regions, and the tighter mining-related policies in China and elsewhere are factors that affected miners' investment willingness and capacity.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

From the second half of the quarter onward, miner sales weakened noticeably and elevated industry inventory levels further intensified price competition. During the quarter, the company generated total revenues of approximately $32 million, below our previous guidance range of $35 million-$45 million. We sold 2.5 exahash per second of computing power, and our mining business produced 243 Bitcoins. When we issued guidance in May, our demand outlook was primarily based on the market conditions in the first half of the quarter. We did not fully expect the later decline in the demand and pricing.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

In the second half of the quarter, Bitcoin prices fell quickly. Miners became more cautious about equipment purchases, and high industry inventory levels increased price competition. These were the main reasons revenues came in below expectations. In response to the revenue decline, we further tightened our spending, strengthened cash flow and liquidity management, and continued organizational optimization.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

As of quarter end, the company held 1,915 Bitcoins and 3,952 ETH, bringing our digital assets treasury to another record high. I will start with our mining machine business. As mining economics weakened, many miners delayed equipment purchases, and the average selling prices remained under pressure. During the quarter, we generated approximately $40 million in product revenue. In response to softened demand, we adjusted pricing, more flexibility. At the same time, we again emphasized production based on actual sales.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We controlled new production according to real orders and put more focus on inventory management, cash flow, and order quality. For existing machines, we will evaluate whether to sell them to customers or deploy them in our own mining operations based on cash collection, deployment conditions, and additional investment requirements. Now, let me turn to our mining operations. In Q2, we adjusted our deployed hash rate in a timely manner based on power prices, load management, and operating conditions at different sites.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We allocated resources to projects with better economics. Mining revenues were approximately $80 million, accounting for more than 50% of the company's total revenue in Q2, and continued to cover direct operating costs such as power and hosting. As of the end of June, our installed hash rate in non-JV projects was approximately 10.05 exahash per second, and average all-in power cost in June was about $0.043 per kilowatt hour. Overall power and hosting costs remained relatively competitive.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Project ABC remains one of our key priorities. For Project ABC, we focus not only on current period profit, but more importantly on the cash it can generate and the long-term returns that can be created after optimization. This is consistent with the transformation the company is pursuing. Whether it is Project ABC or the longer-term power resources we are developing, our goal is to gradually build mining and energy infrastructure assets that have a cost advantage and can generate sustainable cash flow.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

In Q2, together with our partner, we continued the mining machine upgrade at Project ABC. The project generated a positive cash flow and maintained efficient operations. At the end of July, installed hashrate at Project ABC, which reached 4.85 exahash per second, up 10% from the end of March. Through this project, while increasing hashrate and cash generation, we also gained experience in operations, power dispatch, fleet upgrades, and the management of low-cost power sources.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Beyond traditional mining use cases, we continue to advance energy utilization partnerships such as compute-to-heat. Our earlier Nordic project has already validated the feasibility of using HydroCool equipment for district heating. Our high-temperature HydroCool equipment can supply the hot water needed for heating, which is particularly suitable for winter heating demands. These products are still relatively small in scale, but using the heat generated from computing for comfort heating is a useful explanation of our compute-to-heat closed loop.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Regarding R&D and the products, we continued advancing the A16 series in the second quarter with a focus on cost-effective air-cooled models and high-temperature HydroCool models. We pay close attention to products' full lifecycle economics, including purchase cost, power consumption, stability, maintenance, and deployment efficiency. On the consumer side, the second quarter was mainly devoted to R&D on new Avalon Home products, which we will prepare for mass production in the third quarter.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

These home series products are designed for home heating use cases, and we hope to capitalize on the winter heating season in the northern hemisphere and deliver a solid sales performance. Long-term power resources remain another key focus of the company's transformation. Over the past several quarters, we have been advancing long-term, stable, cost-advanced, and expandable power resources products in North America. On our first quarter 2025 earnings call, we mentioned our confidence in our ability to secure a substantial load by year end 2026, potentially reaching the gigawatt scale.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Based on the progress we have made so far, our confidence in securing gigawatts scale load by the end of 2026 remains intact. We continue to work with all the stakeholders and hope to provide an update when we are in a position to do so. Finally, let me discuss capital allocation. Since the beginning of the second quarter to date, the company has not utilized the ATM program or raised capital. Under the existing 30 million share repurchase authorization, we recently mentioned a portion of our digital assets and used to proceed to repurchase the company's ADSs.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We believe that the current share price meaningfully undervalues the company while retaining the capital needed for operations and project environment investment. We choose to use a portion of our digital assets for buybacks. We deployed around $2 million in the first quarter and around $5.4 million in August to repurchase our ADS shares. in 2026, the company deployed $7.4 million and repurchased approximately $16.4 million ADSs so far.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

James will provide more details on the execution of digital asset monetization and the buyback. James and I also continue to purchase the company's ADS in the open market this quarter. We remain confident in company's long-term development and the transformation underway. We hope these purchases further align management interest with those of our shareholders. Digital assets remain an important part of the company's asset allocation. We will continue to evaluate the risks and the rewards of holding digital assets, investing in mining and the power infrastructure, and repurchasing the company's shares.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

While meeting our operating and liquidity needs, we will choose the uses of capital that we believe can create the best long-term value per share. Finally, during this quarter, the company completed its transfer to NASDAQ Capital Market and has been granted an additional 180-day grace period to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement with a deadline of January 11, 2027. We will continue to monitor the trading price of our ADS and take necessary actions to regain compliance and maintain the company's listing status.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Despite the significant impact of industry volatility on our second quarter financial results, changes in the macro environment have actually strengthened our conviction in Bitcoin as a decentralized financial asset. In response to market changes, we managed the inventory, expenses, and cash flow more strictly, while continue to organize our mining fleet, advance fleet upgrades at Project ABC, explore compute-to-heat applications, and prepare Avalon Home products for mass production. Work on power resources also continued.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

In addition, we monetized a portion of our digital assets to fund share repurchases. We believe we have come through the most difficult period and were able to sell these digital assets at relatively favorable prices. Looking ahead to the third quarter, although Bitcoin price recovered somewhat at the end of August, Miner procurement remains cautious, and the industry inventory still needs to be digested. Some competitors have adopted a more aggressive pricing strategy to speed up cash collections. We expect miner sales and the average selling prices to remain under pressure in the third quarter.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Therefore, we remain cautious about the near-term mining machine market. Based on the current market and operating conditions, we expect total revenues for the third quarter of 2026 to be between $11 million and $15 million. This outlook reflects management's current judgment, and actual results may differ due to changes in macroeconomic conditions, policies, Bitcoin prices, and the industry demand. That concludes my remarks. Thank you. I will now turn the call over our CFO, James.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you, NG. Hello, everyone. This is James speaking to you from our Singapore headquarters. NG just walked you through the market environment and our business progress during the second quarter. To summarize, in the second half of the quarter, Bitcoin prices and hash price weakened again. Miners became more cautious with equipment purchases, and the elevated industry inventory added a further pressure on pricing.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

These pressures directly impacted our financial results. Computing power sold, average selling price, and revenue all declined, while lower market prices also affected the value of our inventory and fixed assets. In this environment, we are not waiting for the market to turn. We are focusing on what we can control. From a financial perspective, we are focused on three things. First, managing cash and maintaining sufficient liquidity. Second, actively allocating capital, including repurchasing our shares when we believe they are significantly undervalued.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Third, managing and optimizing our strategic assets, so they can generate stronger cash returns over time. Let me go through each of these areas. First, cash. As market conditions weakened, we tightened our expense and inventory management and placed even greater emphasis on cash flow. At the end of the second quarter, we had $66 million in cash, up about $23 million from $43 million at the end of the first quarter.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

So despite generating less revenue during the quarter, our cash position improved. During the quarter, we collected $54 million in cash from product sales. We also received $15 million from value-added tax refunds, cash distributions from equity investments, and Bitcoin-backed financing. On the cash outflow side, we used $35 million for operating expenses and working capital, and another $11 million for wafer purchases. We also continued to exercise discipline on expenses.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Total operating expenses were $40 million in the second quarter, including $9.2 million of impairment charges on property, plant, and equipment, and $2.7 million of credit losses. Excluding these items, operating expenses were $28.2 million, down 9% sequentially and 14% year-over-year. This is consistent with the build-to-order approach that NG discussed earlier, control new commitments, accelerate collections, manage inventory and working capital, and protect liquidity.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

In a down cycle, we believe financial resilience itself is a competitive advantage. Second, capital allocation. At the end of the second quarter, we held 1,915 Bitcoin and 3,952 Ethereum. Based on their carrying value as of June 30, our digital assets holdings were worth $112 million. Digital assets remain an important part of our asset base, but we do not believe they should simply be held passively.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

We continuously compare different uses of capital, holding digital assets, investing in mining and power infrastructure, and repurchasing our own shares. When our shares trade significantly below what we believe to be their long-term intrinsic value, we view share repurchases as an attractive use of capital. In late August, we were authorized by our board and sold all our Ethereum holdings and 54 Bitcoins, generating approximately $13.9 million in cash. We used a portion of these proceeds to repurchase our shares.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

In the first half of 2026, we repurchased 2.8 million ADSs for about $2 million. In late August, we repurchased an additional 13.6 million ADSs for $5.4 million. Year to date, we have repurchased 16.4 million ADSs for a total consideration of $7.4 million. Third, strategic assets, especially mining sites in the U.S. NG discussed the operational recovery and Bitcoin miner upgrades at Project ABC.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Let me add a few points from a financial perspective. During the second quarter, we have been upgrading the mining fleet at Project ABC to improve efficiency, received $5.2 million in cash from Project ABC, including sales collections and cash distributions. As of August 31st, cumulative cash received had reached $8.4 million. We would like to thank our partner, WindHQ, for the top-tier management and the result of Project ABC. Their long-term commitment and shared vision give us confidence in the future of ABC.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

As part of this process, the retirement of older mining machines and the related accounting treatment resulted in a one-time loss. As a result, we recognized approximately $4 million of equity investment losses for Project ABC in the second quarter. There is an important distinction here between short-term accounting results and the long-term cash-generating ability of the assets.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

We are not trying to preserve the book value of older equipment. We are trying to improve asset quality and generate more computing power and better economics from the same energy resources. For Project ABC or other strategic assets, we look beyond the current period earnings. We are focused on the cash the asset can generate and the returns it can produce after optimization. This is also consistent with the broader transformation NG discussed earlier.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Let me briefly add a few operating and financial metrics. Total revenue for the second quarter was approximately $32 million. Product revenue was approximately $14 million. We sold 2.5 exahash per second of computing power at an average selling price of $5.5 per terahash per second. Mining revenue was approximately $18 million, with 243 Bitcoin mined during the quarter. Mining accounted for 55% of total revenue.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Excluding depreciation, the gross margin for the mining business was 20%. These numbers also showed that during a weak market for mining machines, our mining operation have become an important contributor to revenue. Over time, we want to build a business that combines technology and mining machines, Bitcoin mining, power resources, and infrastructure. Next, let me briefly discuss our income statement. Adjusted EBITDA was a loss of $74.9 million in the second quarter, broadly in line with the previous quarter.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Our results included several significant non-cash accounting adjustments, primarily inventory write-downs, impairment of property, plant, and equipment, and fair value losses on digital assets. These items reflect changes in the mining machine market and digital asset prices during the quarter, but they did not result in an equivalent amount of cash outflow. When we are looking at the quarter, I think it is useful to separate three things.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

First, the real operating impact of weaker demand and lower pricing. Second, the accounting impact from inventory, fixed assets, digital assets, and investments, a significant portion of which was non-cash. And third, what we are particularly focused on today, cash flow, liquidity, capital allocation, efficiency, and the ability of our assets to generate cash returns. Finally, turning to the third quarter. As NG mentioned, although Bitcoin prices have recovered recently, miners remain cautious, industry inventory still needs to be absorbed, and mining machine pricing remains under pressure.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

As a result, we remain cautious about the near-term market environment. Based on our current market and operating conditions, we expect total revenue for the third quarter of 2026 to be between $11 million and $15 million. This outlook reflects our current assessment of market and operating conditions. Actual results may vary depending on changes in the macroeconomic environment, policy developments, Bitcoin prices, and industry demand. Let me close with three words that summarize our financial priorities today: cash, value, and assets.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

First, manage cash, maintain financial discipline and liquidity so that we can navigate through the cycle. Second, manage value continue to compare different capital allocation opportunities while we believe our shares are significantly undervalued, we are prepared to repurchase them to create value for long-term shareholders. Third, manage assets. Whether it is our digital assets or Project ABC or the mining and energy infrastructures we are developing, our goal is not simply to own assets. Our goal is to make those assets more efficient, generate cash, and create long-term returns. We will not build our strategy around predicting short-term movements in the price of Bitcoin.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

What we can do is maintain financial discipline during the difficult markets, improve capital allocation, and continuously upgrade the quality of our assets. So when the next industry cycle comes, we want Canaan to have stronger balance sheets, higher quality assets, stronger operating capabilities, and greater strategic flexibility. Thank you. We will now open the call for questions.

[Operator]

Thank you, management. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, please press star one and one followed on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. If you wish to cancel a request, please press star one and one again. Please hold while we compile the Q&A roster. First question. The first questions will come from the line of Logan Hennen from Northland. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

[Logan Hennen, Analyst at Northland]

Hey. Morning, guys. Thanks for taking our question. First one from us. Can you provide some additional color to help us understand how we should be thinking about this 1 GW pipeline? For instance, should we expect a dual deployment strategy balancing Bitcoin mine and HPC? If your team does pursue HPC, should we expect Canaan to go the co-location or the GPU cloud rental route? Any color here would be great.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you. I will take this one. We are currently advancing several power resources projects internally. However, securing and developing power resources involve many steps. It has become more and more complex. The market attention and the computation are both very high now. Even for the projects that are moving the fastest, currently there are still key matters that need to be completed. As a management team of a public company, we need to be very, very careful about when we disclose project details. If we disclose too early, it may affect project execution. It may also cause the market to view an ongoing process as a confirmed outcome.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

For the benefits for the company and our shareholders, we do not think it is appropriate at this stage to disclose the exact number and the location of the sites, the power capacity for each project or specific stage of each project. What we can say is our view from the Q4 2025 earnings call earlier this year. Based on the progress we have made so far, our confidence in securing gigawatt scale power resources by the end of this year remains unchanged. We will continue to work with the relevant parties and provide updates to the market when we are able to share more specific information. About the co-location or the GPU cloud rental, I think it is still too early to decide whether we will focus on co-location or GPU cloud rental.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

There are many steps even between we secure the power resources and providing computing services. For a project of meaningful scale, we normally need different parties to work together. Many different parties, including capital providers, engineering contractors, and other resources partners. Which parts Canaan will participate in and what type of partnership we will use will depend on the specific project. Our approach is to use the capabilities and resources we already have.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Participate where we can add value and work with partners that bring complementary strengths. We do not assume that we need to manage the entire chain from the power to computing services by ourselves. We will not make investments beyond our capabilities or capital capacity to adjust to build an end-to-end model. At this stage, our main focus is still on advancing long-term cost-advanced power resources. As the projects become clear, we will evaluate the most suitable business model and level for participation. For now, we do not think it is appropriate to make a firm choice between these two routes. Thank you.

[Logan Hennen, Analyst at Northland]

Thank you. We appreciate the color there. Can you formally remind us, how is Canaan strategically positioned versus peers to secure and develop power for HPC? It seems like you guys will likely go more the development partner route, but should we expect any upcoming hires to build a DAS and development team internally? Thank you.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah. I think our advantage first comes from the practical experience we have built in Bitcoin mining over the past several years. Mining require us to work with many types of power providers and to evaluate sites across different regions. The U.S. is a very large market, and our local team has spent years visiting mining sites and advancing projects. Through this work, we have developed a better understanding of how power infrastructure works, the power conditions in different regions, and how to work with our local partners.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We have also built relevant resources and relationships. Since late 2024, our strategy has gradually shifted from mainly adopting partnerships to increasing the amount of assets we own directly. We want to have more control over long-term power resources and the site's operations. This direction has based on the needs of our own business and started before the market's broader focus on AI and HPC. As the market attention has moved more towards AI and HPC, we see strong continuity with our existing direction of funding long-term, stable, cost-advanced, and scalable power resources.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Our past experience, resources, and local relationships can continue to support us and give us a good starting point that we expand into this area. Of course, HPC has higher infrastructure requirements, so each project still needs to be evaluated and developed based on its actual use cases. Changing the markets also affect competition for power resources and project economics. We will also adjust our evaluation and the execution approach as needed. We will continue to focus on long-term cost and investment returns. Thank you.

[Logan Hennen, Analyst at Northland]

Great. Thank you, NG. That was very helpful. Good luck the rest of the third quarter.

[Operator]

Thank you for the question. One moment for our next question. The next questions will come from the line of Kevin Cassidy from Rosenblatt Securities. Your line is open. Thank you.

[Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities]

Yes, thank you for taking my question. With your internal mining fleet improving energy efficiency, can you tell us a percentage in efficiency increase you should see by next year?

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

I think you are asking about the mining machine efficiency, right?

[Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities]

Yes.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah.

[Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities]

The current efficiency.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah. Okay. Yeah. I think for the Avalon A15 older machines we are at 15.8 to 17.8 joules per terahash. The next level is our A16. We have 12.8 joules per terahash to 16.8 it is already our cost-effective models, so there are a huge advantage for these kind of machines. For our mining fleet, we have plans to deploy at least a part of the A16 machines to our mining fleets next year.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Currently, our OEM power cost was about $0.03 per kilowatt-hour, and still we have a positive cash contribution. For next year, if you have reviewed the total network hash rate, I think it is declining for a few quarters already. It is quite easy to calculate the income for mining projects. We assume we will upgrade 70% of our machines from the old one to the more advanced, and also cost-effective models next year. I hope I answer your question. Thank you.

[Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities]

Yeah, that helps a lot. Thank you. Then just on the power pipeline, are you still pursuing looking for stranded power around the world? I guess if you could talk more about that development.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yes. It is about-

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

About power.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Kevin, we always actively exploring and evaluating stranded power, trying to seek for opportunities. From different perspective, it takes quite a long time to evaluate the opportunities. It is not easy to find the partners like Cipher Mining, Cipher Digital or WindHQ. Those partners in Project ABC, they supported us. They do good deals with us in a transparent way, in a fair way. It is not easy every time we can find this kind of good partners. What we do is, we mainly look at the long-term power cost, site stability, expansion potential, and grid access, and the local policies and the regulatory conditions.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

We also try to evaluate the best use for each site, including mining and where it is suitable potential HPC applications together with the additional equipment and the investment required. Currently we stay open-minded while maintaining our capital discipline. No matter through acquisition, through JV or joint development, we will only move forward when the risk and the return are attractive and the project can improve the quality of our long-term assets and operating flexibility. I should say currently we haven't yet deal another one just like Project ABC.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

But we do have some projects under discussion. We continue the strategy of expanding in North America, especially U.S. I think this strategy remains same. We will do more, but we do it cautiously, slowly with all kinds of evaluations done, but not immediately jump to many deals. I think, the capital allocation is also in a very cautious way. Kevin, I don't know if I answer your question. No, that's very clear. Thank you.

[Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities]

Thank you.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you.

[Operator]

One moment for our next question. The next questions will come from the line of Ben Sommers from BTIG. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

[Ben Sommers, Analyst at BTIG]

Hey, yeah, thank you guys for taking my questions, and appreciate the commentary on the current state of the product market. With Bitcoin prices up around 20% over the past month, just curious if you've seen any positive implications for the global demand for mining machines?

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Global demand. Global, yeah. Global demands, to be frankly speaking, mining rig demand outside the U.S. is also very, very weak at the moment. Weaker mining economics together with the policy developments and the geopolitical conditions in some regions have affected customers' willingness and ability to invest. We have not yet seen a meaningful improvement in overall demand. One specific area of progress we can share is ESG-related applications, particularly compute-to-heat.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Our Nordic heating projects already have 2 MW of equipment in operation, and customer ordered another 6 MW in March this year. These projects combined with mining is a real heating demand. The same energy input produce both computing power and the useful heat. We will continue to develop these kind of applications. But the market is still at an early age, and small scale. This does not yet indicate that broader recovery in demand outside the U.S. Thank you.

[Ben Sommers, Analyst at BTIG]

Super helpful. I just wanted to touch a little bit on the Avalon Home series. It seems like you guys are making some positive developments here, but can you just talk a little bit more about what you are seeing for those machines? I think you guys mentioned some product developments there that could help potential winter seasonality. If you could just talk a little bit more about that.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah. Avalon Home is a consumer product line that we have committed to developing. In Q2, it generated approximately $1 million in revenue. It is still relatively small. I think the long-term value lies on serving household users by combining computing and heating, which can broaden our customer base and revenue resources over time. After the heating season ended, sales of our home products came down.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

At first I was a little disappointed, but then we realized that this may actually show that consumers are really using this product as other heating devices. After all, it's not very easy to sell heaters in summer. It reminds us that we need to understand the use cases and the seasonality of this kind of business as a true consumer product business. We began preparing new products for this year. Heating season in Q2 and in Q3.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Currently, we are working on preparations for mass production. We plan to launch new products and updates during the Christmas shopping season. Most of our key product line will receive updates and we may also introduce additional products. At the same time, we will focus on sales channels, after sales service, and user community. Continue to improve the noise levels. Yeah, easy for use and many different kind of stuff related to the consumer product. Yeah.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We hope Avalon Home will grow its revenue and the contribution to the company and become a consumer business with lasting value. Yeah. I think it is still too early to give a specific revenue mix target. Its shares of total revenue will also depend on heating seasonality and changes in our other business. For now, the priority to get the product experience and the business fundamentals right. Growth is supported by real household demand. I hope I answered your question. Thank you.

[Ben Sommers, Analyst at BTIG]

Super helpful. Thank you for taking my questions.

[Operator]

Thank you for the questions. As a reminder to ask a question, please press star one and one and wait for your name to be announced. Our next question comes from the line of Nick Giles of B. Riley Securities. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

[Bill Chen, Analyst at B. Riley Securities]

Thank you for taking my questions. This is Bill Chen for Nick Giles. First, I want to congratulate on the maintaining positive cash contribution from mining in this pressured pricing environment. I guess on the share repurchase program, with approximately $7.4 million deployed against the, I think the total of $30 million authorization. What is your expectation for the pace of repurchases between now and the program's expiration in mid-December? And I guess any color on how you are balancing the capital allocation strategy against liquidity preservation would be appreciated. Thank you.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you, Bill. I think you asked a very forward-looking question about the future stock repurchase. Currently, I think it's difficult to answer because in September we will see a lot of activities in U.S., especially on September 15, the senator will start to vote for CLARITY Act. We don't know if passed then what will happen to our industry. That could make Bitcoin price jump very high. Our share price could fluctuate together with the Bitcoin price. So it's depending on what kind of share price we will trade in the market and it depends on how we consider it's better to do some allocation to do stock repurchase. So it's difficult to predict the pace.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

To be very honest, as the CEO and I myself, we have already purchased to get more shares of the company. We do have strong confidence that in the second half, our share price should come back again with some good trajectory. Even we are currently under the restriction of NASDAQ compliance requirement, so we better to regain compliance very soon. That's why we consider stock repurchase is something we need to put a lot of efforts trying to make sure we do and we allocate funds to do.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

That's why we discussed with our board, and we got the authorization from them and say management can start to sell the digital assets to generate cash and to repurchase. I think our board understands the shareholder value quite well. They support us to do this. We are together with our shareholders and we are the shareholders. So we will do everything we can to do, but not within September, the particular month, but through the whole second half year or even future. So I think that's our commitment. That's my answer. Thank you, Bill.

[Bill Chen, Analyst at B. Riley Securities]

Yeah. Thanks so much for the answer. I guess maybe one more, if I could. Specifically on the Project ABC, we'd love to see all the progress and given now it has reached on 4.85 exahash, what's the next milestone or target for the project? If there's a rough timeline you can provide. Thanks so much.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah. I think we have been actively exploring and evaluating this type of opportunity. If the power cost stability, scalability, and the grid access are suitable, we can use mining as a flexible load to push the resources to work relatively quickly. If the site conditions allow, we have the flexibility for other competing load in the future. So, yeah, our approach is stay open-minded while maintaining capital discipline.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Whether through acquisition, JD, or joint development, we will only forward when the risk and the returns are attractive and the project can improve the quality of our long-term assets and operating flexibility. We do have a very good machine, even maybe still at the wafer level, but we can manufacture machines in a relatively short time and deploy them into new sites if we find somewhere it can fulfill our requirements.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

But currently, I think it is still at some stage of a bear market. Yeah. It is not a bull market, right? So investment is very. We will have very high cautious in investment and consume our cash flow to do this kind of project. So currently we are still evaluating the resources and wait for the best timing to get the scale up of our mining fleets, include upgrade the machines. Thank you. I hope I answered your question.

[Bill Chen, Analyst at B. Riley Securities]

Yeah. Thanks for the detailed answer and continue. Best of luck.

[Operator]

Thank you for the question. We will now take the last questions. One moment, please. Our next question comes from Michael Donovan of Compass Point. Your line is open. Please go ahead.

[Ian Generous, Analyst at Compass Point]

Hello, this is Ian Generous dialing in for Michael Donovan. Thank you for taking our questions. Firstly, on potential JV partners, what type of companies are you engaging with today? Are prospective AI customers already involved in these sites? Additionally, what requirements are they emphasizing, and would you expect to secure customer commitment before making a significant development investment?

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Yeah.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We are open to using JVs or investment partners. From securing power resources to building infrastructure, and finally, providing computing services. Different stages require different capabilities and capital. For each project, we will choose a structure that allow all parties to contribute their strengths. Canaan has always valued working with partners. Our past joint mining projects, as well as Project ABC with WindHQ, have given us useful experience.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

At Project ABC, we combine our mining machine and the technology capabilities with our partner's site operations and the power management experience. Together, we are upgrading the fleets and improve the project's cash returns. This experience can also support future partnerships. I think since late 2024, we have gradually increased the amount of assets we own directly, but this does not mean that we need to do everything by ourselves.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

We want to have more control over our core assets and the long-term resources whilst we are working with partners that can bring complementary capabilities and the resources. For future projects, we will not limit ourselves to a JD, joint development, or any other structures as such. We will focus on how investment and the responsibilities are shared. Whether the risk Canaan takes, it matches by the return we can earn. Our final decision will always be based on the long-term shareholders' interest and the value per share. But currently, we do not have any specific partnership agreements that we can disclose. Thank you.

[Ian Generous, Analyst at Compass Point]

That's great color. Thank you. Lastly, if I may, more strategically, how should we think about the allocation of capital and management resources between pursuing the AI power land opportunity and the core Bitcoin mining business?

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Let me think. I think for currently, we have already invested in the Bitcoin mining machines, core parts that deliver us. We already have them in our inventory or our partner's inventory. When we have the clear opportunities to deploy the mining machines to have good cash returns in the future, then we will do it. For the data center, I just mentioned, we are very open to do any kind of partnerships with third parties, with any kind of companies can contribute their benefits to the projects.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

To be clear, we are not going to do the end-to-end projects by ourselves. Because I think to develop a meaningful scale of AI HPC data center needs a lot of capitals, which may be out of our capital capabilities. I think overall, our first priority is to please the interests of our shareholders. What kind of benefits we can get for every share is the most important part. Thank you.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

I would like to add some color in this. As NG mentioned, we do have the inventory of mining machines now. So, when we do some new mining corporations, this can be injected to the projects as a kind of CapEx investment and without spending any cash. For the new HPC data center or this kind of power infrastructure things, sometimes we have to use some cash as a deposit to secure some opportunities.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

That's something we do. We spend some of the money, we allocate some of the money as deposit to secure some of the opportunities. That's what we are doing now. I think from long-term perspective, we will continue to balance between the different business, and we will utilize our technology in the mining machine side and do mining operations.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

In the other side, I think, step by step, we start from initial capital in a kind of a smaller scale. But in future, with pipelines, with different projects on air, we will see step by step, we accumulate more and more assets. With these assets, we can use these assets as collateral to leverage, to get more funds to sponsor the business in the data center part. I think that's something, in future, step by step, we will reach there.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

But first of all, we should try to secure gigawatts level power. With this on hand, then we can start to talk about the next step. As NG mentioned, we do have the long-term ambition, but in short-term, we will not just immediately try to do everything in the ecosystem. We will do step by step and gradually grow ourselves. Thank you.

[Ian Generous, Analyst at Compass Point]

Thank you for the insight and for taking my questions, and congrats on the quarter.

[James Jin Cheng, CFO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you.

[Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO at Canaan Inc]

Thank you for your question.

[Operator]

I'll now like to turn the call back over to the company for any closing remarks.

[Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs at Canaan Inc]

Thank you everyone for joining us today. If you have any further questions, please feel free to reach out to us directly or through the contact information on our website. Thanks.

[Operator]

That concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your line.

Participants

Executives

• Gwyn Lauber, VP of Corporate Affairs
• Nangeng Zhang, Chairman and CEO
• James Jin Cheng, CFO

Analysts

• Logan Hennen, Analyst at Northland
• Kevin Cassidy, Analyst at Rosenblatt Securities
• Ben Sommers, Analyst at BTIG
• Bill Chen, Analyst at B. Riley Securities
• Ian Generous, Analyst at Compass Point