Dare Bioscience (DARE) Competitors

$3.27 +0.16 (+5.14%)

Closing price 04:00 PM Eastern

Extended Trading

$3.32 +0.05 (+1.44%)

As of 06:02 PM Eastern

DARE vs. KLRS, THAR, EDSA, IFRX, and VTVT

Should you be buying Dare Bioscience stock or one of its competitors? The main competitors of Dare Bioscience include Kalaris Therapeutics (KLRS), Tharimmune (THAR), Edesa Biotech (EDSA), InflaRx (IFRX), and vTv Therapeutics (VTVT). These companies are all part of the "pharmaceutical products" industry.

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Kalaris Therapeutics?

Kalaris Therapeutics (NASDAQ:KLRS) and Dare Bioscience (NASDAQ:DARE) are both small-cap medical companies, but which is the superior business? We will compare the two companies based on the strength of their valuation, dividends, risk, media sentiment, institutional ownership, earnings, profitability and analyst recommendations.

: In the previous week, Kalaris Therapeutics had 1 more articles in the media than Dare Bioscience. MarketBeat recorded 1 mentions for Kalaris Therapeutics and 0 mentions for Dare Bioscience. Kalaris Therapeutics' average media sentiment score of 1.93 beat Dare Bioscience's score of 0.00 indicating that Kalaris Therapeutics is being referred to more favorably in the media.
Company Overall Sentiment
Kalaris Therapeutics Very Positive
Dare Bioscience Neutral
: 66.1% of Kalaris Therapeutics shares are held by institutional investors. Comparatively, 6.7% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by institutional investors. 68.1% of Kalaris Therapeutics shares are held by insiders. Comparatively, 4.8% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that hedge funds, large money managers and endowments believe a stock is poised for long-term growth.
: Dare Bioscience's return on equity of 0.00% beat Kalaris Therapeutics' return on equity.
Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets
Kalaris Therapeutics N/A -73.11% -43.56%
Dare Bioscience N/A N/A -56.52%
: Kalaris Therapeutics currently has a consensus target price of $14.00, suggesting a potential upside of 164.15%. Dare Bioscience has a consensus target price of $10.00, suggesting a potential upside of 203.95%. Given Dare Bioscience's higher probable upside, analysts plainly believe Dare Bioscience is more favorable than Kalaris Therapeutics.
Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score
Kalaris Therapeutics
1 Sell rating(s)
1 Hold rating(s)

4 Buy rating(s)

1 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.71
Dare Bioscience
1 Sell rating(s)

0 Hold rating(s)

2 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.33
: Kalaris Therapeutics has a beta of 0.15, suggesting that its stock price is 85% less volatile than the S&P 500. Comparatively, Dare Bioscience has a beta of 1.09, suggesting that its stock price is 9% more volatile than the S&P 500.
: Dare Bioscience has higher revenue and earnings than Kalaris Therapeutics. Dare Bioscience is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Kalaris Therapeutics, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.
Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio
Kalaris Therapeutics N/A N/A -$43.44M -$4.21 N/A
Dare Bioscience $1.03M 46.50 -$13.40M -$1.25 N/A

Company	Overall Sentiment
Kalaris Therapeutics	Very Positive
Dare Bioscience	Neutral

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Kalaris Therapeutics	N/A	-73.11%	-43.56%
Dare Bioscience	N/A	N/A	-56.52%

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Kalaris Therapeutics	1 Sell rating(s)	1 Hold rating(s)	4 Buy rating(s)	1 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.71
Dare Bioscience	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	2 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.33

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Kalaris Therapeutics	N/A	N/A	-$43.44M	-$4.21	N/A
Dare Bioscience	$1.03M	46.50	-$13.40M	-$1.25	N/A

Summary

Kalaris Therapeutics beats Dare Bioscience on 9 of the 15 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Tharimmune?

Dare Bioscience (NASDAQ:DARE) and Tharimmune (NASDAQ:THAR) are both small-cap medical companies, but which is the superior stock? We will compare the two businesses based on the strength of their valuation, institutional ownership, earnings, media sentiment, risk, profitability, analyst recommendations and dividends.

: Dare Bioscience currently has a consensus price target of $10.00, indicating a potential upside of 203.95%. Given Dare Bioscience's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, equities research analysts plainly believe Dare Bioscience is more favorable than Tharimmune.
Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score
Dare Bioscience
1 Sell rating(s)
0 Hold rating(s)

2 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.33
Tharimmune
1 Sell rating(s)

0 Hold rating(s)

0 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
1.00
: In the previous week, Dare Bioscience's average media sentiment score of 0.00 equaled Tharimmune'saverage media sentiment score.
Company Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience Neutral
Tharimmune Neutral
: Dare Bioscience's return on equity of 0.00% beat Tharimmune's return on equity.
Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience N/A N/A -56.52%
Tharimmune N/A -588.45% -264.41%
: Tharimmune has lower revenue, but higher earnings than Dare Bioscience. Dare Bioscience is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Tharimmune, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.
Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience $1.03M 46.50 -$13.40M -$1.25 N/A
Tharimmune N/A N/A -$12.20M -$3.99 N/A
: Dare Bioscience has a beta of 1.09, meaning that its share price is 9% more volatile than the S&P 500. Comparatively, Tharimmune has a beta of 1.43, meaning that its share price is 43% more volatile than the S&P 500.
: 6.7% of Dare Bioscience shares are owned by institutional investors. Comparatively, 1.2% of Tharimmune shares are owned by institutional investors. 4.8% of Dare Bioscience shares are owned by insiders. Comparatively, 6.7% of Tharimmune shares are owned by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that endowments, hedge funds and large money managers believe a company will outperform the market over the long term.

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Dare Bioscience	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	2 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.33
Tharimmune	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00

Company	Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience	Neutral
Tharimmune	Neutral

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience	N/A	N/A	-56.52%
Tharimmune	N/A	-588.45%	-264.41%

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience	$1.03M	46.50	-$13.40M	-$1.25	N/A
Tharimmune	N/A	N/A	-$12.20M	-$3.99	N/A

Summary

Dare Bioscience beats Tharimmune on 8 of the 12 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Edesa Biotech?

Dare Bioscience (NASDAQ:DARE) and Edesa Biotech (NASDAQ:EDSA) are both small-cap medical companies, but which is the superior business? We will contrast the two businesses based on the strength of their profitability, dividends, institutional ownership, risk, valuation, media sentiment, earnings and analyst recommendations.

: Edesa Biotech has lower revenue, but higher earnings than Dare Bioscience. Edesa Biotech is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Dare Bioscience, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.
Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience $1.03M 46.50 -$13.40M -$1.25 N/A
Edesa Biotech N/A N/A -$7.19M -$1.15 N/A
: 6.7% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by institutional investors. Comparatively, 5.5% of Edesa Biotech shares are held by institutional investors. 4.8% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by company insiders. Comparatively, 24.4% of Edesa Biotech shares are held by company insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that endowments, hedge funds and large money managers believe a stock is poised for long-term growth.
: Dare Bioscience's return on equity of 0.00% beat Edesa Biotech's return on equity.
Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience N/A N/A -56.52%
Edesa Biotech N/A -163.57% -52.54%
: Dare Bioscience presently has a consensus price target of $10.00, suggesting a potential upside of 203.95%. Edesa Biotech has a consensus price target of $5.00, suggesting a potential downside of 67.66%. Given Dare Bioscience's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, research analysts clearly believe Dare Bioscience is more favorable than Edesa Biotech.
Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score
Dare Bioscience
1 Sell rating(s)
0 Hold rating(s)

2 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.33
Edesa Biotech
1 Sell rating(s)

0 Hold rating(s)

1 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.00
: Dare Bioscience has a beta of 1.09, meaning that its share price is 9% more volatile than the S&P 500. Comparatively, Edesa Biotech has a beta of 1.26, meaning that its share price is 26% more volatile than the S&P 500.
: In the previous week, Edesa Biotech had 2 more articles in the media than Dare Bioscience. MarketBeat recorded 2 mentions for Edesa Biotech and 0 mentions for Dare Bioscience. Edesa Biotech's average media sentiment score of 0.64 beat Dare Bioscience's score of 0.00 indicating that Edesa Biotech is being referred to more favorably in the news media.
Company Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience Neutral
Edesa Biotech Positive

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience	$1.03M	46.50	-$13.40M	-$1.25	N/A
Edesa Biotech	N/A	N/A	-$7.19M	-$1.15	N/A

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience	N/A	N/A	-56.52%
Edesa Biotech	N/A	-163.57%	-52.54%

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Dare Bioscience	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	2 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.33
Edesa Biotech	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	1 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.00

Company	Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience	Neutral
Edesa Biotech	Positive

Summary

Dare Bioscience and Edesa Biotech tied by winning 7 of the 14 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Dare Bioscience compare to InflaRx?

Dare Bioscience (NASDAQ:DARE) and InflaRx (NASDAQ:IFRX) are both small-cap medical companies, but which is the better business? We will compare the two businesses based on the strength of their profitability, risk, media sentiment, dividends, institutional ownership, analyst recommendations, earnings and valuation.

: Dare Bioscience has higher revenue and earnings than InflaRx. Dare Bioscience is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than InflaRx, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.
Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience $1.03M 46.50 -$13.40M -$1.25 N/A
InflaRx $29.33K 4,855.52 -$51.63M -$0.76 N/A
: In the previous week, InflaRx had 8 more articles in the media than Dare Bioscience. MarketBeat recorded 8 mentions for InflaRx and 0 mentions for Dare Bioscience. InflaRx's average media sentiment score of 0.56 beat Dare Bioscience's score of 0.00 indicating that InflaRx is being referred to more favorably in the news media.
Company Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience Neutral
InflaRx Positive
: 6.7% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by institutional investors. Comparatively, 42.4% of InflaRx shares are held by institutional investors. 4.8% of Dare Bioscience shares are held by insiders. Comparatively, 16.3% of InflaRx shares are held by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that endowments, large money managers and hedge funds believe a company will outperform the market over the long term.
: Dare Bioscience's return on equity of 0.00% beat InflaRx's return on equity.
Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience N/A N/A -56.52%
InflaRx N/A -80.51% -61.36%
: Dare Bioscience presently has a consensus price target of $10.00, indicating a potential upside of 203.95%. InflaRx has a consensus price target of $5.80, indicating a potential upside of 194.42%. Given Dare Bioscience's higher possible upside, equities analysts clearly believe Dare Bioscience is more favorable than InflaRx.
Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score
Dare Bioscience
1 Sell rating(s)
0 Hold rating(s)

2 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.33
InflaRx
1 Sell rating(s)

1 Hold rating(s)

4 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.50
: Dare Bioscience has a beta of 1.09, indicating that its stock price is 9% more volatile than the S&P 500. Comparatively, InflaRx has a beta of 2.42, indicating that its stock price is 142% more volatile than the S&P 500.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Dare Bioscience	$1.03M	46.50	-$13.40M	-$1.25	N/A
InflaRx	$29.33K	4,855.52	-$51.63M	-$0.76	N/A

Company	Overall Sentiment
Dare Bioscience	Neutral
InflaRx	Positive

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Dare Bioscience	N/A	N/A	-56.52%
InflaRx	N/A	-80.51%	-61.36%

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Dare Bioscience	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	2 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.33
InflaRx	1 Sell rating(s)	1 Hold rating(s)	4 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.50

Summary

InflaRx beats Dare Bioscience on 10 of the 15 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Dare Bioscience compare to vTv Therapeutics?

vTv Therapeutics (NASDAQ:VTVT) and Dare Bioscience (NASDAQ:DARE) are both small-cap medical companies, but which is the superior stock? We will contrast the two companies based on the strength of their analyst recommendations, earnings, dividends, institutional ownership, risk, profitability, valuation and media sentiment.

: 17.5% of vTv Therapeutics shares are owned by institutional investors. Comparatively, 6.7% of Dare Bioscience shares are owned by institutional investors. 4.2% of vTv Therapeutics shares are owned by company insiders. Comparatively, 4.8% of Dare Bioscience shares are owned by company insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that hedge funds, large money managers and endowments believe a stock is poised for long-term growth.
: Dare Bioscience's return on equity of 0.00% beat vTv Therapeutics' return on equity.
Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets
vTv Therapeutics N/A -73.76% -43.53%
Dare Bioscience N/A N/A -56.52%
: Dare Bioscience has higher revenue and earnings than vTv Therapeutics. vTv Therapeutics is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Dare Bioscience, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.
Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio
vTv Therapeutics N/A N/A -$26.97M -$3.35 N/A
Dare Bioscience $1.03M 46.50 -$13.40M -$1.25 N/A
: In the previous week, vTv Therapeutics' average media sentiment score of 1.95 beat Dare Bioscience's score of 0.00 indicating that vTv Therapeutics is being referred to more favorably in the media.
Company Overall Sentiment
vTv Therapeutics Very Positive
Dare Bioscience Neutral
: vTv Therapeutics presently has a consensus price target of $53.00, suggesting a potential upside of 66.67%. Dare Bioscience has a consensus price target of $10.00, suggesting a potential upside of 203.95%. Given Dare Bioscience's higher probable upside, analysts clearly believe Dare Bioscience is more favorable than vTv Therapeutics.
Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score
vTv Therapeutics
1 Sell rating(s)
0 Hold rating(s)

5 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.67
Dare Bioscience
1 Sell rating(s)

0 Hold rating(s)

2 Buy rating(s)

0 Strong Buy rating(s)
2.33
: vTv Therapeutics has a beta of 0.26, indicating that its stock price is 74% less volatile than the S&P 500. Comparatively, Dare Bioscience has a beta of 1.09, indicating that its stock price is 9% more volatile than the S&P 500.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
vTv Therapeutics	N/A	-73.76%	-43.53%
Dare Bioscience	N/A	N/A	-56.52%

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
vTv Therapeutics	N/A	N/A	-$26.97M	-$3.35	N/A
Dare Bioscience	$1.03M	46.50	-$13.40M	-$1.25	N/A

Company	Overall Sentiment
vTv Therapeutics	Very Positive
Dare Bioscience	Neutral

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
vTv Therapeutics	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	5 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.67
Dare Bioscience	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	2 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.33

Summary

Dare Bioscience beats vTv Therapeutics on 8 of the 13 factors compared between the two stocks.

Get Dare Bioscience News Delivered to You Automatically

Subscribe Now

SMS is currently available in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. By entering your phone number and clicking the sign-up button, you agree to receive periodic text messages from MarketBeat at the phone number you submitted, including texts that may be sent using an automatic telephone dialing system. Message and data rates may apply. Message frequency will vary. Messages will consist of stock alerts, news stories, and partner advertisements/offers. Consent is not a condition of the purchase of any goods or services. Text HELP for help/customer support. Unsubscribe at any time by replying "STOP" to any text message that you receive from MarketBeat or by visiting our mailing preferences page. Read our full terms of service and privacy policy.

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

This chart shows the number of new MarketBeat users adding DARE and its top 5 competitors to their watchlist. Each company is represented with a line over a 90 day period.

Media Sentiment Over Time

This chart shows the average media sentiment of NASDAQ and its competitors over the past 90 days as caculated by MarketBeat. The averaged score is equivalent to the following: Very Negative Sentiment <= -1.5, Negative Sentiment > -1.5 and <= -0.5, Neutral Sentiment > -0.5 and < 0.5, Positive Sentiment >= 0.5 and < 1.5, and Very Positive Sentiment >= 1.5.

DARE vs. The Competition

Export

Metric	Dare Bioscience	MED Industry	Medical Sector	NASDAQ Exchange
Market Cap	$47.90M	$3.39B	$6.25B	$11.87B
Dividend Yield	N/A	2.20%	2.73%	5.21%
P/E Ratio	-2.63	38.85	29.04	28.47
Price / Sales	46.50	155.51	476.61	60.92
Price / Cash	N/A	57.88	27.62	36.52
Price / Book	16.45	7.03	9.67	6.67
Net Income	-$13.40M	$23.62M	$3.55B	$332.53M
7 Day Performance	50.23%	3.68%	1.70%	2.01%
1 Month Performance	89.08%	7.16%	5.62%	9.19%
1 Year Performance	8.94%	67.05%	34.41%	39.59%

Dare Bioscience Competitors List

Export

Company	MarketRank	Share Price	Analysts' Price Target	1Y Price Performance	Market Cap	Revenue	P/E Ratio	Employee Count	Indicator(s)
DARE Dare Bioscience	2.0579 of 5 stars	$3.27 +5.1%	$10.00 +205.8%	N/A	$47.61M	$1.03M	N/A	30	Upcoming Earnings Gap Up High Trading Volume
KLRS Kalaris Therapeutics	3.5093 of 5 stars	$5.56 -7.7%	$14.00 +152.0%	N/A	$127.40M	N/A	N/A	110	Positive News
THAR Tharimmune	N/A	$3.31 -2.9%	N/A	N/A	$124.89M	N/A	N/A	2
EDSA Edesa Biotech	1.8472 of 5 stars	$13.75 +23.1%	$5.00 -63.6%	N/A	$122.66M	N/A	N/A	20	News Coverage Upcoming Earnings
IFRX InflaRx	3.6036 of 5 stars	$1.68 +4.0%	$6.50 +288.1%	N/A	$121.09M	$30K	N/A	60	News Coverage Upcoming Earnings High Trading Volume

Related Companies and Tools

Related Companies

Top 10 Stock Comparisons

This page (NASDAQ:DARE) was last updated on 5/5/2026 by MarketBeat.com Staff.

From Our Partners

Get 30 Days of MarketBeat All Access for Free

Start Your 30-Day Trial

In-depth profiles and analysis for 20,000 public companies.
Real-time analyst ratings, insider transactions, earnings data, and more.
Our daily ratings and market update email newsletter.

Sign In
Create Account

Your Email Address:

Your Password:

Forgot your password?

Your Email Address:

Choose a Password:

By creating a free account, you agree to our terms of service. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Dare Bioscience (DARE) Competitors

DARE vs. KLRS, THAR, EDSA, IFRX, and VTVT

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Kalaris Therapeutics?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Tharimmune?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Edesa Biotech?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to InflaRx?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to vTv Therapeutics?

Summary

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

Media Sentiment Over Time

DARE vs. The Competition

Dare Bioscience Competitors List

Related Companies and Tools

Best-in-Class Portfolio Monitoring

Stock Ideas and Recommendations

Advanced Stock Screeners and Research Tools

About MarketBeat

MarketBeat Products

Popular Tools

Financial Calendars

Terms & Info

Dare Bioscience (DARE) Competitors

DARE vs. KLRS, THAR, EDSA, IFRX, and VTVT

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Kalaris Therapeutics?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Tharimmune?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to Edesa Biotech?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to InflaRx?

Summary

How does Dare Bioscience compare to vTv Therapeutics?

Summary

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

Media Sentiment Over Time

DARE vs. The Competition

Dare Bioscience Competitors List

Related Companies and Tools

MarketBeat All Access Features

Best-in-Class Portfolio Monitoring

Stock Ideas and Recommendations

Advanced Stock Screeners and Research Tools