Do analysts prefer VHC or RTB?

Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score Virnetx 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00 RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock 1 Sell rating(s) 1 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.50

Do analysts prefer VHC or BGIN?

Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score Virnetx 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00 Bgin Blockchain 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00

Which has higher earnings & valuation, VHC or BGIN?

Virnetx has higher earnings, but lower revenue than Bgin Blockchain. Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio Virnetx $160K 375.79 -$18.23M -$5.16 N/A Bgin Blockchain $67.40M 2.91 -$176.86M N/A N/A

Is VHC or BGIN more profitable?

Bgin Blockchain's return on equity of 0.00% beat Virnetx's return on equity. Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets Virnetx N/A -72.84% -54.96% Bgin Blockchain N/A N/A N/A

Do analysts rate VHC or PERF?

Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score Virnetx 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00 Perfect 1 Sell rating(s) 2 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.67

Which has higher earnings & valuation, VHC or PERF?

Perfect has higher revenue and earnings than Virnetx. Virnetx is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Perfect, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks. Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio Virnetx $160K 375.79 -$18.23M -$5.16 N/A Perfect $71.07M 2.67 $4.64M $0.06 31.08

Is VHC or PERF more profitable?

Perfect has a net margin of 8.13% compared to Virnetx's net margin of 0.00%. Perfect's return on equity of 3.73% beat Virnetx's return on equity. Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets Virnetx N/A -72.84% -54.96% Perfect 8.13% 3.73% 2.98%

Do analysts prefer VHC or SMRT?

SmartRent has a consensus price target of $1.20, indicating a potential downside of 11.44%. Given SmartRent's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, analysts plainly believe SmartRent is more favorable than Virnetx. Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score Virnetx 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00 SmartRent 1 Sell rating(s) 2 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.67

Which has better earnings and valuation, VHC or SMRT?

Virnetx has higher earnings, but lower revenue than SmartRent. SmartRent is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Virnetx, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks. Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio Virnetx $160K 375.79 -$18.23M -$5.16 N/A SmartRent $152.33M 1.70 -$60.56M -$0.10 N/A

Is VHC or SMRT more profitable?

Virnetx has a net margin of 0.00% compared to SmartRent's net margin of -12.97%. SmartRent's return on equity of -8.50% beat Virnetx's return on equity. Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets Virnetx N/A -72.84% -54.96% SmartRent -12.97% -8.50% -6.27%

Do analysts recommend EGAN or VHC?

eGain currently has a consensus target price of $15.25, indicating a potential upside of 106.64%. Given eGain's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, analysts clearly believe eGain is more favorable than Virnetx. Company Sell Ratings Hold Ratings Buy Ratings Strong Buy Ratings Rating Score eGain 0 Sell rating(s) 3 Hold rating(s) 1 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 2.25 Virnetx 1 Sell rating(s) 0 Hold rating(s) 0 Buy rating(s) 0 Strong Buy rating(s) 1.00

Which has better earnings & valuation, EGAN or VHC?

eGain has higher revenue and earnings than Virnetx. Virnetx is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than eGain, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks. Company Gross Revenue Price/Sales Ratio Net Income Earnings Per Share Price/Earnings Ratio eGain $92.22M 2.20 $32.25M $1.38 5.35 Virnetx $160K 375.79 -$18.23M -$5.16 N/A

Is EGAN or VHC more profitable?

eGain has a net margin of 41.68% compared to Virnetx's net margin of 0.00%. eGain's return on equity of 12.56% beat Virnetx's return on equity. Company Net Margins Return on Equity Return on Assets eGain 41.68% 12.56% 7.48% Virnetx N/A -72.84% -54.96%

Virnetx (VHC) Competitors

$14.34 -0.73 (-4.87%)

As of 08/10/2026 03:57 PM Eastern

Compare

VHC vs. RTB, BGIN, PERF, SMRT, and EGAN

Should you buy Virnetx stock or one of its competitors? Virnetx's main competitors and comparable companies include RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock (RTB), Bgin Blockchain (BGIN), Perfect (PERF), SmartRent (SMRT), and eGain (EGAN). Companies are selected based on similarities in market, industry, and size. These companies are all part of the "application software" industry.

How does Virnetx compare to RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock?

Virnetx (NASDAQ:VHC) and RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock (NASDAQ:RTB) are both small-cap technology companies, but which is the better business? We will contrast the two companies based on the strength of their profitability, dividends, analyst recommendations, institutional ownership, valuation, risk, earnings and media sentiment.

Virnetx has a net margin of 0.00% compared to RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock's net margin of -165.69%. RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock's return on equity of 0.00% beat Virnetx's return on equity.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Virnetx	N/A	-72.84%	-54.96%
RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock	-165.69%	N/A	-100.25%

In the previous week, RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock had 1 more articles in the media than Virnetx. MarketBeat recorded 1 mentions for RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock and 0 mentions for Virnetx. RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock's average media sentiment score of 0.67 beat Virnetx's score of 0.37 indicating that RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock is being referred to more favorably in the news media.

Company	Overall Sentiment
Virnetx	Neutral
RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock	Positive

Virnetx has a beta of 2.3, meaning that its share price is 130% more volatile than the broader market. Comparatively, RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock has a beta of 2.17, meaning that its share price is 117% more volatile than the broader market.

RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock has higher revenue and earnings than Virnetx. Virnetx is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Virnetx	$160K	375.79	-$18.23M	-$5.16	N/A
RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock	$11.13M	20.49	-$17.53M	-$28.90	N/A

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Virnetx	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00
RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock	1 Sell rating(s)	1 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.50

10.4% of Virnetx shares are held by institutional investors. Comparatively, 17.4% of RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock shares are held by institutional investors. 15.7% of Virnetx shares are held by company insiders. Comparatively, 12.4% of RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock shares are held by company insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that large money managers, hedge funds and endowments believe a stock is poised for long-term growth.

Summary

RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock beats Virnetx on 8 of the 14 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Virnetx compare to Bgin Blockchain?

Virnetx (NASDAQ:VHC) and Bgin Blockchain (NASDAQ:BGIN) are both small-cap technology companies, but which is the superior stock? We will contrast the two businesses based on the strength of their profitability, analyst recommendations, institutional ownership, media sentiment, risk, valuation, earnings and dividends.

In the previous week, Virnetx's average media sentiment score of 0.37 beat Bgin Blockchain's score of 0.00 indicating that Virnetx is being referred to more favorably in the media.

Company	Overall Sentiment
Virnetx	Neutral
Bgin Blockchain	Neutral

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Virnetx	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00
Bgin Blockchain	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00

Virnetx has higher earnings, but lower revenue than Bgin Blockchain.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Virnetx	$160K	375.79	-$18.23M	-$5.16	N/A
Bgin Blockchain	$67.40M	2.91	-$176.86M	N/A	N/A

10.4% of Virnetx shares are held by institutional investors. 15.7% of Virnetx shares are held by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that large money managers, hedge funds and endowments believe a company is poised for long-term growth.

Bgin Blockchain's return on equity of 0.00% beat Virnetx's return on equity.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Virnetx	N/A	-72.84%	-54.96%
Bgin Blockchain	N/A	N/A	N/A

Summary

Virnetx beats Bgin Blockchain on 5 of the 8 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Virnetx compare to Perfect?

Virnetx (NASDAQ:VHC) and Perfect (NYSE:PERF) are both small-cap technology companies, but which is the better stock? We will contrast the two companies based on the strength of their dividends, risk, earnings, analyst recommendations, valuation, media sentiment, institutional ownership and profitability.

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Virnetx	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00
Perfect	1 Sell rating(s)	2 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.67

Virnetx has a beta of 2.3, indicating that its share price is 130% more volatile than the broader market. Comparatively, Perfect has a beta of 0.28, indicating that its share price is 72% less volatile than the broader market.

Perfect has higher revenue and earnings than Virnetx. Virnetx is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Perfect, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Virnetx	$160K	375.79	-$18.23M	-$5.16	N/A
Perfect	$71.07M	2.67	$4.64M	$0.06	31.08

Perfect has a net margin of 8.13% compared to Virnetx's net margin of 0.00%. Perfect's return on equity of 3.73% beat Virnetx's return on equity.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Virnetx	N/A	-72.84%	-54.96%
Perfect	8.13%	3.73%	2.98%

In the previous week, Perfect's average media sentiment score of 1.00 beat Virnetx's score of 0.37 indicating that Perfect is being referred to more favorably in the news media.

Company	Overall Sentiment
Virnetx	Neutral
Perfect	Positive

10.4% of Virnetx shares are held by institutional investors. 15.7% of Virnetx shares are held by insiders. Comparatively, 44.7% of Perfect shares are held by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that endowments, hedge funds and large money managers believe a company is poised for long-term growth.

Summary

Perfect beats Virnetx on 10 of the 13 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Virnetx compare to SmartRent?

Virnetx (NASDAQ:VHC) and SmartRent (NYSE:SMRT) are both small-cap technology companies, but which is the better stock? We will contrast the two companies based on the strength of their analyst recommendations, valuation, institutional ownership, risk, media sentiment, earnings, dividends and profitability.

Virnetx has a beta of 2.3, indicating that its share price is 130% more volatile than the broader market. Comparatively, SmartRent has a beta of 1.52, indicating that its share price is 52% more volatile than the broader market.

Virnetx has a net margin of 0.00% compared to SmartRent's net margin of -12.97%. SmartRent's return on equity of -8.50% beat Virnetx's return on equity.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
Virnetx	N/A	-72.84%	-54.96%
SmartRent	-12.97%	-8.50%	-6.27%

In the previous week, SmartRent had 8 more articles in the media than Virnetx. MarketBeat recorded 8 mentions for SmartRent and 0 mentions for Virnetx. Virnetx's average media sentiment score of 0.37 beat SmartRent's score of -0.43 indicating that Virnetx is being referred to more favorably in the media.

Company	Overall Sentiment
Virnetx	Neutral
SmartRent	Neutral

SmartRent has a consensus price target of $1.20, indicating a potential downside of 11.44%. Given SmartRent's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, analysts plainly believe SmartRent is more favorable than Virnetx.

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
Virnetx	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00
SmartRent	1 Sell rating(s)	2 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.67

10.4% of Virnetx shares are held by institutional investors. Comparatively, 59.4% of SmartRent shares are held by institutional investors. 15.7% of Virnetx shares are held by insiders. Comparatively, 2.3% of SmartRent shares are held by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that hedge funds, endowments and large money managers believe a company is poised for long-term growth.

Virnetx has higher earnings, but lower revenue than SmartRent. SmartRent is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than Virnetx, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
Virnetx	$160K	375.79	-$18.23M	-$5.16	N/A
SmartRent	$152.33M	1.70	-$60.56M	-$0.10	N/A

Summary

SmartRent beats Virnetx on 8 of the 15 factors compared between the two stocks.

How does Virnetx compare to eGain?

eGain (NASDAQ:EGAN) and Virnetx (NASDAQ:VHC) are both small-cap technology companies, but which is the better investment? We will compare the two companies based on the strength of their institutional ownership, valuation, media sentiment, risk, dividends, analyst recommendations, earnings and profitability.

eGain has a beta of 0.81, meaning that its stock price is 19% less volatile than the broader market. Comparatively, Virnetx has a beta of 2.3, meaning that its stock price is 130% more volatile than the broader market.

In the previous week, eGain had 1 more articles in the media than Virnetx. MarketBeat recorded 1 mentions for eGain and 0 mentions for Virnetx. eGain's average media sentiment score of 1.66 beat Virnetx's score of 0.37 indicating that eGain is being referred to more favorably in the media.

Company	Overall Sentiment
eGain	Very Positive
Virnetx	Neutral

eGain has a net margin of 41.68% compared to Virnetx's net margin of 0.00%. eGain's return on equity of 12.56% beat Virnetx's return on equity.

Company	Net Margins	Return on Equity	Return on Assets
eGain	41.68%	12.56%	7.48%
Virnetx	N/A	-72.84%	-54.96%

53.9% of eGain shares are owned by institutional investors. Comparatively, 10.4% of Virnetx shares are owned by institutional investors. 38.7% of eGain shares are owned by insiders. Comparatively, 15.7% of Virnetx shares are owned by insiders. Strong institutional ownership is an indication that large money managers, hedge funds and endowments believe a stock will outperform the market over the long term.

eGain has higher revenue and earnings than Virnetx. Virnetx is trading at a lower price-to-earnings ratio than eGain, indicating that it is currently the more affordable of the two stocks.

Company	Gross Revenue	Price/Sales Ratio	Net Income	Earnings Per Share	Price/Earnings Ratio
eGain	$92.22M	2.20	$32.25M	$1.38	5.35
Virnetx	$160K	375.79	-$18.23M	-$5.16	N/A

eGain currently has a consensus target price of $15.25, indicating a potential upside of 106.64%. Given eGain's stronger consensus rating and higher probable upside, analysts clearly believe eGain is more favorable than Virnetx.

Company	Sell Ratings	Hold Ratings	Buy Ratings	Strong Buy Ratings	Rating Score
eGain	0 Sell rating(s)	3 Hold rating(s)	1 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	2.25
Virnetx	1 Sell rating(s)	0 Hold rating(s)	0 Buy rating(s)	0 Strong Buy rating(s)	1.00

Summary

eGain beats Virnetx on 14 of the 16 factors compared between the two stocks.

Get Virnetx News Delivered to You Automatically

Subscribe Now

SMS is currently available in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. By entering your phone number and clicking the sign-up button, you agree to receive periodic text messages from MarketBeat at the phone number you submitted, including texts that may be sent using an automatic telephone dialing system. Message and data rates may apply. Message frequency will vary. Messages will consist of stock alerts, news stories, and partner advertisements/offers. Consent is not a condition of the purchase of any goods or services. Text HELP for help/customer support. Unsubscribe at any time by replying "STOP" to any text message that you receive from MarketBeat or by visiting our mailing preferences page. Read our full terms of service and privacy policy.

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

This chart shows the number of new MarketBeat users adding VHC and its top 5 competitors to their watchlist. Each company is represented with a line over a 90 day period.

Media Sentiment Over Time

This chart shows the average media sentiment of NASDAQ and its competitors over the past 90 days as caculated by MarketBeat. The averaged score is equivalent to the following: Very Negative Sentiment <= -1.5, Negative Sentiment > -1.5 and <= -0.5, Neutral Sentiment > -0.5 and < 0.5, Positive Sentiment >= 0.5 and < 1.5, and Very Positive Sentiment >= 1.5.

VHC vs. The Competition

Export

Metric	Virnetx	Software Industry	Technology Sector	NASDAQ Exchange
Market Cap	$63.12M	$15.75B	$30.04B	$12.98B
Dividend Yield	N/A	3.42%	2.73%	10.06%
P/E Ratio	-2.78	127.02	74.79	24.72
Price / Sales	375.79	1,305.44	599.79	95.49
Price / Cash	N/A	43.91	50.51	37.42
Price / Book	2.73	8.51	8.15	6.42
Net Income	-$18.23M	$437.06M	$679.03M	$347.03M
7 Day Performance	5.83%	0.77%	0.79%	0.71%
1 Month Performance	39.59%	1.87%	0.14%	-0.87%
1 Year Performance	N/A	9.11%	196.90%	21.94%

Virnetx Competitors List

Export

Company	MarketRank	Share Price	Analysts' Price Target	1Y Price Performance	Market Cap	Revenue	P/E Ratio	Employee Count	Indicator(s)
VHC Virnetx	0.3612 of 5 stars	$14.35 -4.8%	N/A	N/A	$63.12M	$160K	N/A	20	Gap Down
RTB RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock	0.2607 of 5 stars	$15.70 -5.3%	N/A	+56.4%	$213.83M	$11.13M	N/A	50	News Coverage
BGIN Bgin Blockchain	N/A	$1.79 +2.3%	N/A	N/A	$202.51M	$67.40M	N/A	101	Positive News Gap Up
PERF Perfect	2.0842 of 5 stars	$1.92 -0.5%	N/A	-3.1%	$195.55M	$69.15M	32.01	N/A	Positive News
SMRT SmartRent	1.6671 of 5 stars	$1.01 -1.5%	$1.20 +19.4%	+7.1%	$194.77M	$152.33M	N/A	640	Earnings Report

Related Companies and Tools

Related Companies

Top 10 Stock Comparisons

This page (NASDAQ:VHC) was last updated on 8/11/2026 by MarketBeat.com Staff.

From Our Partners

Unlock superior investment research and tools.

Get MarketBeat All Access

In-depth profiles and analysis for 20,000 public companies.
Real-time analyst ratings, insider transactions, earnings data, and more.
Our daily ratings and market update email newsletter.

Sign In
Create Account

Your Email Address:

Your Password:

Forgot your password?

Your Email Address:

Choose a Password:

By creating a free account, you agree to our terms of service. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Virnetx (VHC) Competitors

VHC vs. RTB, BGIN, PERF, SMRT, and EGAN

How does Virnetx compare to RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to Bgin Blockchain?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to Perfect?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to SmartRent?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to eGain?

Summary

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

Media Sentiment Over Time

VHC vs. The Competition

Virnetx Competitors List

Related Companies and Tools

Best-in-Class Portfolio Monitoring

Stock Ideas and Recommendations

Advanced Stock Screeners and Research Tools

About MarketBeat

MarketBeat Products

Popular Tools

Financial Calendars

Terms & Info

Virnetx (VHC) Competitors

VHC vs. RTB, BGIN, PERF, SMRT, and EGAN

How does Virnetx compare to RTB Digital, Inc. Common Stock?

Is VHC or RTB more profitable?

Does the media prefer VHC or RTB?

Which has more risk & volatility, VHC or RTB?

Which has better valuation and earnings, VHC or RTB?

Do analysts prefer VHC or RTB?

Do insiders and institutionals believe in VHC or RTB?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to Bgin Blockchain?

Does the media prefer VHC or BGIN?

Do analysts prefer VHC or BGIN?

Which has higher earnings & valuation, VHC or BGIN?

Do insiders & institutionals believe in VHC or BGIN?

Is VHC or BGIN more profitable?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to Perfect?

Do analysts rate VHC or PERF?

Which has more volatility & risk, VHC or PERF?

Which has higher earnings & valuation, VHC or PERF?

Is VHC or PERF more profitable?

Does the media prefer VHC or PERF?

Do institutionals and insiders have more ownership in VHC or PERF?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to SmartRent?

Which has more volatility & risk, VHC or SMRT?

Is VHC or SMRT more profitable?

Does the media favor VHC or SMRT?

Do analysts prefer VHC or SMRT?

Do institutionals & insiders believe in VHC or SMRT?

Which has better earnings and valuation, VHC or SMRT?

Summary

How does Virnetx compare to eGain?

Which has more risk and volatility, EGAN or VHC?

Does the media refer more to EGAN or VHC?

Is EGAN or VHC more profitable?

Do insiders & institutionals have more ownership in EGAN or VHC?

Which has better earnings & valuation, EGAN or VHC?

Do analysts recommend EGAN or VHC?

Summary

New MarketBeat Followers Over Time

Media Sentiment Over Time

VHC vs. The Competition

Virnetx Competitors List

Related Companies and Tools

MarketBeat All Access Features

Best-in-Class Portfolio Monitoring

Stock Ideas and Recommendations

Advanced Stock Screeners and Research Tools